89 files changed, 1690 insertions, 2083 deletions

diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/vocab.rb b/lib/sisu/0.52/vocab.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index f0d7a405..00000000
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/vocab.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,113 +0,0 @@
-=begin
- * Name: SiSU information Structuring Universe - Structured information, Serialized Units
- * Author: Ralph Amissah
-   * http://www.jus.uio.no/sisu
-   * http://www.jus.uio.no/sisu/SiSU/download.html
-
- * Description: Vocabulary, wordlist (first usd by concordance)
-
- * Copyright (C) 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Ralph Amissah
-
- * License: GPL 2 or later
-
-  Summary of GPL 2
-
-  This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
-  under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free
-  Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option)
-  any later version.
-
-  This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
-  ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
-  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
-  more details.
-
-  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
-  with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
-  51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA
-
-  If you have Internet connection, the latest version of the GPL should be
-  available at these locations:
-    http://www.fsf.org/licenses/gpl.html
-    http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html
-    http://www.jus.uio.no/sisu/gpl2.fsf
-
-  SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
-
-  SiSU uses:
-  
-  *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
-  *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
-  *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
-  © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
-  All Rights Reserved.
-
- * Ralph Amissah: ralph@amissah.com
-                  ralph.amissah@gmail.com
-=end
-module Wordlists
-  class Lists
-    def initialize
-    end
-    def scanlist
-      /(?:<i>(?:[\w0-9"]+[\s]*){2,7}<\/i>|<b>(?:[\w0-9"]+[\s]*){2,7}<\/b>|http:\/\/\S+)|code\{.+?\}code|<\S+?>|\w+/mi
-    end
-    def lesser
-      /^(?:
-      a|about|all|also|although|am|an[dy]?|approach(?:es|ed)?|are|around|a[st]|availab(?:ility|le)|
-      b|back|be|been|both|but|by|
-      c|can|close|come|could|
-      d|damaged?|did|do|does|doing|done|down|
-      e|each|early|easy|eight|end|even|every(?:thing)?|exist(?:ed|ence|ing|s)?|
-      f|fair|fall|familiar|feature[ds]?|fees?|few|first(?:ly)?|five|fix(?:ed)?|for|form|forecast(?:ed|s|ing)?|four|frequent(?:ed|ly)?|from|frustration|fully?|fundamental|
-      g|generally|get|give|go|got|gone|
-      h|had|half|has|have|height?|held|her|here|him|his|hmm+|hold|how(?:ever)?|html|https?|ftp|
-      i|if|in|include|inclusion|info|initial|initially|inquire|insofar|instead|interest(?:ed|ing|ingly|s)|in(?:to)?|introduc(?:e|tion)|is|it|like(?:ly|wise)?|
-      k|kee[np]|kept|key|kn[eo]w|
-      l|large(?:ly)?|later?|lead|least|le[dt]|less|like(?:ly)?|list(?:ed|s)?|little|long(?:er)?|looks?|lots?|low(?:er)?|
-      m|made|main|major|mak(?:es?|ing)|many|may|maybe|mean|ment|mid|might|minor|miss|more|most(?:ly)?|move[ds]?|movement|moving|much|
-      n|needs?|new|next|nine|no[nrtw]?|
-      o|off?|often|old|on|one|or|once|one|only|open|other(s|wise)?|our|out|outline|output|over|overview|own|
-      p|particularly|partly|pass|past|pay|pdf|perhaps|please|post|potential|practical(?:ly)?|pre|prefer|presum(?:e|ably|s)|problem(atic|s)?|pull|push|put|
-      q|quite|
-      r|ran|range|rather|read|real|reasonable|receive|recent|recogni[sz]e|reduce|refer|reference|relative|regard(?:ing|less|s)?|really|release|relevant|remarks?|remove|repeat|result|return|run|
-      s|say|search|second(?:ly)?|see(?:[kn]|ing|ingly|ms?)?|sen[dt]|separate|self|set|seven|several|she|similar(?:ly)?|simpl(?:e|y)|since|situations?|situated|six|small|so|some(?:thing)?|start(?:ed)?|stop(?:ped)?|such|sure|
-      t|take[ns]?|ten|test|thanks?|that|the|their|then|there|these|they|third(?:ly)?|this|those|though|three|to|today|towards?|tried|try|two|
-      u|under(?:lying|stand|standing)?|unfortunately|up(?:on)|use[dsr]?|
-      w|want|was|well|ways?|what|when|where|which|while|whilst|who(?:se)?|wide(?:ly)?|will|with(?:in|out)|why|wide|width|when|where|which|why|would|
-      z)$/i
-    end
-    def special
-      #/<i>(?:[\w0-9"]+[\s]*){2,7}?<\/i>|http:\/\/\S+|(?:
-      /<i>(?:[\w0-9"]+[\s]*){2,7}<\/i>|<b>(?:[\w0-9"]+[\s]*){2,7}<\/b>|https?:\/\/\S+|ftp:\/\/\S+|(?:
-      a|
-      b|
-      c|
-      d|
-      e|
-      f|
-      g|
-      h|
-      i|
-      j|
-      l|
-      m|
-      n|
-      o|
-      p|
-      r|
-      s|
-      t|
-      u|
-      w|
-      h|
-      u|
-      zz|\w+)/i
-    end
-    def greater
-      /^(?:kajfsajflajskdfjz)$/i
-    end
-  end
-end
-__END__
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/vocab_lex.rb b/lib/sisu/0.52/vocab_lex.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 41a13034..00000000
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/vocab_lex.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,144 +0,0 @@
-=begin
- * Name: SiSU information Structuring Universe - Structured information, Serialized Units
- * Author: Ralph Amissah
-   * http://www.jus.uio.no/sisu
-   * http://www.jus.uio.no/sisu/SiSU/download.html
-
- * Description: Vocabulary, wordlist legal, lex, (first used by concordance)
-
- * Copyright (C) 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Ralph Amissah
-
- * License: GPL 2 or later
-
-  Summary of GPL 2
-
-  This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
-  under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free
-  Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option)
-  any later version.
-
-  This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
-  ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
-  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
-  more details.
-
-  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
-  with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
-  51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA
-
-  If you have Internet connection, the latest version of the GPL should be
-  available at these locations:
-    http://www.fsf.org/licenses/gpl.html
-    http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html
-    http://www.jus.uio.no/sisu/gpl2.fsf
-
-  SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
-
-  SiSU uses:
-  
-  *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
-  *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
-  *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
-  © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
-  All Rights Reserved.
-
- * Ralph Amissah: ralph@amissah.com
-                  ralph.amissah@gmail.com
-=end
-module Wordlists
-  require SiSU_lib + '/vocab'
-  class Lists
-    def initialize
-    end
-    #/<i>(?:[a-z0-9]+[\b\s]+){2,7}?<\/i>|(?:
-    #/<i>(?:[a-zA-Z0-9]+[\s]*){2,7}?<\/i>|(?:
-    #/<i>(?:[\S]+[\s]*){2,7}<\/i>|http:\/\/\S+|(?: #demands much processing ! cannot use :-(
-    #/<i>(?:[\S]+[\s]*){2,7}?<\/i>|http:\/\/\S+|(?:
-    #/<i>(?:\S+\s*){1,7}?<\/i>|(?: 
-      #/<i>(?:[\S]+[\s]*){2,7}?<\/i>|http:\/\/\S+|(?:
-    def scanlist
-      #/<i>(?:[\w0-9"]+[\s]*){2,7}?<\/i>|http:\/\/\S+|(?:
-      /(?:
-      a|advance payments?|actions? for annulment|alternative dispute resolution|anticipatory breach|applicable law|arbitral (?:courts?|institutions?)|arbitral process|arbitral tribunal|arbitration agreement|arbitration awards?|arbitration between states|arbitration clause|arbitration rules?|autonomous contract|autonomy of contract|autonomy of parties|
-      b|bilateral agreement|bill of exchange|bill of lading|binding agreementss?|breach of contract|buyer's obligations?|buyer's rights?|
-      c|carriage of goods(?: by sea)|choice of law|commercial dispute|conformity of (?:contract|documents|goods)|contemporaneous performance|contra proferentem|contract of (?:carriage|insurance|sale)|contract rate|contract(?:ual)? price|cost of (?:carriage|credit|goods|insurance|transport(?:ation)?)|cross examination|currency regulations?|
-      d|date of (?:delivery|payment|shipment)|delivery (?:date|of (?:substitute )?goods)|delocalisation theory|discovery of documents|dispute resolution|dissenting opinions?|distributorship agreements?|due process|
-      e|employment agreements?|enforceability of award|equality of treatment|equity and good concience|equity clauses?|european convention|european (?:economic )?community|european union|examination (?:in chief|of goods)|excess of authority|exclusion (?:of claims|of convention|period)|ex parte|
-      f|factoring convention|federal states?|force majeure|formal requirements?|fundamental breach|future disputes?|
-      g|gap filling|general (?:business conditions|conditions of business|terms)|general principles?(?: of law)?|geneva convention|good faith|grain and feed trade association|governing law|
-      h|harmoni[sz]ation of laws?|
-      i|identification of goods|immediate (?:delivery|payment)|institutional rules|intellectual property(?: rights?)?|interim awards?|international bank for reconstruction and development|international bar association|international centre for the settlement of investment disputes|international chamber of commerce|investment securities|
-      j|judicial proceedings?|
-      l|lack of conformity|language of hearings?|league of nations|legal (?:remed(?:ies|y)|rights?)|letter of credit|lex fori|lex mercatoria|lex loci contractus|limitation period|
-      m|majority awards?|matrimonial disputes?|maximum period|mini trials?|minutes of meetings?|minutes of trials?|model law|monetary payments?|moral obligations?|moveable goods|
-      n|nachfrist notice|national law|new international economic order|notice of non-?conformity|number of|
-      o|obligation to(?: dispatch|give (?:advice|notice)|preserve(?: goods)?)?|
-      p|partial (?:delivery|performance)|party autonomy|passing of risk|payment (?:by install?ments|in advance|guarantees?|of price)|peace palace|period (?:for payment|of delivery|of performance|of time)|permanent court of international justice|personal injury|preliminary meetings?|possessory rights?|preliminary steps?|preservation of goods|private international law|procedural (?:law|orders?)|products? liability|professional institutions?|promissory notes?|public international law|
-      r|reasonable (?:bystander|man|men|person)\b|red book|regional conventions?|registration of awards?|resolution of disputes?|retention of title|revocation of offer|right (?:of|to) (?:delivery?|perform|performance|reject(?:ion)?|refuse|refusal|retain|retention)|
-      s|sea waybill|seat theory|separate opinions|security for credit|separation of powers|seller'?s obligations?|seller's rights?|set off|settlement of disputes?|shipping instructions|sovereign immunity|specific performance|stabilisation clauses?|statement of reasons?|submission agreements?|substantive issues?|substantive law|suspension of performance|
-      t|taking delivery|temporary (?:impediment|injunction)|terms of (?:payment|reference|trade)|third[ -]part(?:y|ies)(?: claims?| rights)?|terms of reference|time (?:limits?|of payment)|trade associations?|trade marks?|trade usages?|transfer of (?:obligations?|rights?)|
-      u|unification of law|uniform (?:interpretation|rules)|use of goods|
-      w|warehouse (?:certificates?|receipt)|
-      x|
-      y|
-      z|
-      conventions|new york convention on recognition and enforcement of arbitral awards|united nations conference on international trade law|
-      cities|new york|los angeles|san fransisco|
-      countries|hong kong|united kingdom|united states(?: of america)?|
-      zz|\w+)/i
-    end
-    def special #the idea is that words like contract, arbitration, buyer, seller should be left intact in scanlist but captured if in a term here, information should not be duplicated in the two lists !
-      #/<i>(?:[\w0-9"]+[\s]*){2,7}?<\/i>|http:\/\/\S+|(?:
-      /<i>(?:[\w0-9"]+[\s]*){2,7}<\/i>|<b>(?:[\w0-9"]+[\s]*){2,7}<\/b>|https?:\/\/\S+|ftp:\/\/\S+|(?:
-      a|add hoc(?: arbitration)?|agreement to arbitrate|american arbitration association|avoidance of (?:\S+\s+){0,2}contract|
-      b|
-      c|claim (?:\S+\s+){0,4}(?:damages|restitution)|commencement of arbitration|conclusion of (?:the )?contract|court of arbitration|
-      d|domestic arbitration|
-      e|
-      f|formation of (?:\S+\s+){0,2}contract|fundamental breach (?:\S+\s+){1,2}contract|
-      g|
-      h|
-      i|informal arbitrations?|install?ment contracts?|institutional arbitration|international arbitration|
-      j|joint debtors?|
-      l|language of (?:the )?arbitration|leasing contract|liquidated damages|(?:buyer|seller) loses? the right|
-      m|mitigation of (?:damages?|loss)|
-      n|nuclear damage|
-      o|
-      p|panels? of arbitrators|performance of (?:the)?contract|permanent court of arbitration|place of (?:arbitration|business|payment|performance)|preparation of contract|presiding arbitrators?|
-      r|regulation of international arbitration|removal of arbitrators?|right (?:\S+\s+){0,3}to (?:declare the contract avoided|claim(?: damages)?)|right or claim of (?:a|the) third party|right to rely on|
-      s|statutory arbitrations?|
-      t|termination of contract|trade arbitrations?|
-      u|
-      w|
-      x|
-      y|
-      institutions|american bar association|international montetary fund|london court of international arbitration|united nations|world bank|world intellectual property organi[sz]ation|world trade organi[sz]ation|
-      zz|(?:buyer's|seller's) right|
-      zz|\w+)/i
-    end
-    def greater #line break will not be matched
-      /^(?:
-      a|arbitrat(e|ors?|ions?)|anticipatory|assurance|
-      b|breach|
-      c|care|commercial|consideration|contract|cost|credit|
-      d|damages|duty|effect|enforce[ds]?|evidence|examples?|exchange|exception|exclude[ds]?|exclusion|exclusive|excuse[ds]?|executed?|exempt(?:s|ed|ing)?|excercise[ds]?|expir[ey]|
-      f|fair|fees?|finance|(un)?foreseeab(ility|le)|form|free|freight|frustration|full|fundamental|
-      g|general||global(ly)?|goods|govern(?:ed|ing|s)?|greater|grounds|
-      h|harm|
-      i|impact|impede|impediment|impracticab(ility|le)|inform|information|installments?|insur(ance|e[ds]?)|intent(ion|ional|ionally)?|interest|international(ly)?|interpret(ation)?|
-      l|law(s|yers?)?|limit(ation|ed|ing|s)?|
-      m|mitigat(e|ed|ing|ion)|model|modern|monetary|money|
-      n|noti(ce|fy|fication)|neither|new|no|nor|
-      o|oblig(ations?|ors?)|
-      p|parol|part(?:ial|ies|y)|perform(ance)?|period|postal|preamble|preserve|principles?|procedur(e|al)|proceeds|provide(ed|s)|provisions?|purpose|
-      r|rational|reasonable|recind|rectif(ication|y)|recourse|recovery?|reduction|reliance|relief|rely|remed(ies|y|ying)|reports?|requests?|require(s|ments)?|reservation|review|revis(e|ion|ed)|retain(ed|er)|rights?|rule(s|ed)?|ruling|
-      s|sales?|secretary|section|service|sources?|status|standard|sufficient|
-      t|terminat(e|ed|ion)|tort|trade(er|ing)?|transnational|treaty|
-      u|uniform(ity)?
-      z)$/i
-    end
-  end
-end
-__END__
-
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/cgi.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/cgi.rb
index 83448613..63ce5321 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/cgi.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/cgi.rb
@@ -38,18 +38,18 @@
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
-  
+
  * Ralph Amissah mailto:ralph@amissah.com
    Ralph Amissah mailto:amissah@gmail.com
 
 =end
 module  SiSU_CGI                                                                 #% database building documents
-  require SiSU_lib + '/sysenv'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/cgi_pgsql'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/cgi_sqlite'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/sysenv"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/cgi_pgsql"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/cgi_sqlite"
   include SiSU_CGI_pgsql
   class SiSU_search
     def initialize(opt)
@@ -57,13 +57,13 @@ module  SiSU_CGI
       @webserv=@opt.files[0].to_s.strip
     end
     def search_info
-     a=%{ 
+     a=%{
           For help on sisu search, type:
             sisu --help search
           For help on setting up hyperestraier for sisu, type:
             sisu --help hyperestraier
     }
-        tell=SiSU_Screen::Ansi.new(@opt.cmd,a) 
+        tell=SiSU_Screen::Ansi.new(@opt.cmd,a)
         tell.print_grey
     end
     def read
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/cgi_pgsql.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/cgi_pgsql.rb
index a5a2ef93..325f91b7 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/cgi_pgsql.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/cgi_pgsql.rb
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -47,8 +47,8 @@
 
 =end
 module  SiSU_CGI_pgsql                                                            #% database building documents
-  require SiSU_lib + '/sysenv'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/cgi_sql_common'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/sysenv"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/cgi_sql_common"
   include SiSU_CGI_sql
   class SiSU_search_pgsql < SiSU_CGI_common
     def initialize(opt,webserv)
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ module  SiSU_CGI_pgsql
         available_db_table=`psql --list`                            # system call requires psql
         available_db=available_db_table.scan(/(SiSU_\S+)/) if not available_db_table.nil?
         if available_db and available_db.class == Array
-          available_db.flatten.each do |x| 
+          available_db.flatten.each do |x|
             serve << x.gsub(/SiSU_(\S+)/,'\1')
           end
         else put "WARNING: no postgresql database available, (have you created one?)"
@@ -82,18 +82,18 @@ module  SiSU_CGI_pgsql
         end
       end
       f2 << "          end\n"
-      if FileTest.writable?('.') 
+      if FileTest.writable?('.')
         output=File.open('sisu_pgsql.cgi','w')
         output << header0 << header1 << header_desc << header2 << f1 << buttons1 << buttons_note << buttons2 << search_request << search_statement << search_statement_common << search_query1 << @common.pages << search_query2 << @common.tail << @common.main1 << f2 << dbi_connect << @common.main2
-        a=%{        generated sisu_pgsql.cgi, 
+        a=%{        generated sisu_pgsql.cgi,
             BASED ON ALREADY EXISTING directories that could potentially be used to populate postgresql db, (-D)
         }
-        tell=SiSU_Screen::Ansi.new(@opt.cmd,a) 
+        tell=SiSU_Screen::Ansi.new(@opt.cmd,a)
         tell.print_grey
         c=case @webserv
         when /pwd/; ''
         else "if necessary make the directory /usr/lib/cgi-bin :
-                  sudo cp -vi #{Dir.pwd}/sisu_pgsql.cgi /usr/lib/cgi-bin/. 
+                  sudo cp -vi #{Dir.pwd}/sisu_pgsql.cgi /usr/lib/cgi-bin/.
                   sudo chmod -v 755 /usr/lib/cgi-bin/sisu_pgsql.cgi
                   (copy sisu_pgsql.cgi to your cgi directory) and set file permissions to 755"
         end
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ module  SiSU_CGI_pgsql
         def sql_select_body
           limit ||=@@limit
           offset ||=@@offset
-          @sql_statement[:body]=%{SELECT metadata.title, metadata.creator, metadata.filename, metadata.suffix, documents.body, documents.seg, documents.ocn, metadata.tid FROM documents, metadata WHERE (#@search_text) AND documents.metadata_tid = metadata.tid ORDER BY metadata.title, documents.ocn} 
+          @sql_statement[:body]=%{SELECT metadata.title, metadata.creator, metadata.filename, metadata.suffix, documents.body, documents.seg, documents.ocn, metadata.tid FROM documents, metadata WHERE (#@search_text) AND documents.metadata_tid = metadata.tid ORDER BY metadata.title, documents.ocn}
           @sql_statement[:range]=%{LIMIT #{limit} OFFSET #{offset} ;}
           select=@sql_statement[:body] + ' ' + @sql_statement[:range]
           select
@@ -189,10 +189,10 @@ module  SiSU_CGI_pgsql
           select
         end
         def sql_select_body_format
-          %{<font color="#666666" size="2">#{sql_select_body}</font>} 
+          %{<font color="#666666" size="2">#{sql_select_body}</font>}
         end
         def sql_select_endnotes_format
-          %{<font color="#666666" size="2">#{sql_select_endnotes}</font>} 
+          %{<font color="#666666" size="2">#{sql_select_endnotes}</font>}
         end
         def contents
           @conn.select_all(sql_select_body)
@@ -206,7 +206,7 @@ module  SiSU_CGI_pgsql
     def dbi_connect
       <<-'WOK_SQL'
           dbi="dbi:Pg:database=#{@db};port=#{@port}"
-          @conn=DBI.connect(dbi,user) 
+          @conn=DBI.connect(dbi,user)
       WOK_SQL
     end
   end
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/cgi_sql_common.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/cgi_sql_common.rb
index ae4e170f..13f9c2a3 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/cgi_sql_common.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/cgi_sql_common.rb
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ module SiSU_CGI_sql
     end
     def about
       <<-'WOK_SQL'
- * Name: SiSU information Structuring Universe   
+ * Name: SiSU information Structuring Universe
  * Author: Ralph Amissah
    * http://www.jus.uio.no/sisu
    * http://www.jus.uio.no/sisu/SiSU/download
@@ -93,11 +93,11 @@ module SiSU_CGI_sql
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ module SiSU_CGI_sql
           @base,@search_field,@selected_db,@checked_index,@checked_text,@checked_tip,@checked_searched,@checked_url,@checked_echo,@checked_sql,@checked_all,@checked_none,@checked_ignore,@search_note,@the_can=base,search_field,selected_db,checked_index,checked_text,checked_tip,checked_searched,checked_url,checked_echo,checked_sql,checked_all,checked_none,checked_ignore,search_note,the_can
           @tip=if checked_tip =~/\S/
             '<font size="2" color="#666666">text:__; keywords:__; title:__; author:__; subject:__; description:__; publisher:__; contributor:__; date:__; type:__; format:__; identifier:__; source:__; language:__; relation:__; coverage:__; rights:__; comment:__; abstract:__; filename:__;</font>'
-          else '' 
+          else ''
           end
         end
         def submission_form
@@ -465,7 +465,7 @@ module SiSU_CGI_sql
         <<-'WOK'
     <br /><hr /><br />
     <center><table align="center"bgcolor="#ffffff"><tr><td><font color="#666666"><table summary="" bgcolor="#ffffff" cellpadding="4" border="0" align="center">
-    
+
     <tr align="center">
       <td align="center"><p class="center"><font color="#666666" size="2">
       presentations' look and feel<br />
@@ -473,7 +473,7 @@ module SiSU_CGI_sql
       <a href="http://www.jus.uio.no/sisu" ><img border="0" src="#@image_src/sisu.png" alt="SiSU in Ruby with the usual GPL (or OSS) suspects - Way Better!" width="120" height="38"></a><br />
       <a href="http://www.jus.uio.no/sisu" >SiSU</a><br />
       version 0.50<br />2007w11/1 (2007-03-12)<br />
-    
+
       <table summary="SiSU rights" bgcolor="#ffffff" cellpadding="4" border="0" align="center" width="40%">
         <sup>&copy;</sup> Ralph Amissah<br />
       1993, current 2007<br />
@@ -482,9 +482,9 @@ module SiSU_CGI_sql
       <a href="mailto://ralph@amissah.com" >ralph@amissah.com</a><br />
     </font></p>
     </td></tr></table>
-    
+
     <p><center><font color="#666666" size="2">the usual GPL (or OSS) suspects:<br />Better - "performance, reliability, scalability, security<br />& total cost of ownership"<br /><i>[not to mention flexibility &amp; choice]</i><br /><br />&lt;&lt;<a href="http://www.jus.uio.no/sisu/">Way Better!</a>&gt;&gt;</font></center></p><tr align="center"><td align="center">
-    
+
     </font></center></td></tr></table></center> <a name="bottom" id="bottom"></a><a name="down" id="down"></a><a name="end" id="end"></a><a name="finish" id="finish"></a><a name="stop" id="stop"></a><a name="credits" id="credits"></a>
     </body></html>
     WOK
@@ -500,8 +500,8 @@ module SiSU_CGI_sql
         begin # all code goes in begin section
           @search={ :text => [],:endnotes => [] }
           q=CGI.new
-          @db=if cgi['db'] =~/\S+/; 
-            @stub=/SiSU_(\S+)/.match(cgi['db'])[1] 
+          @db=if cgi['db'] =~/\S+/;
+            @stub=/SiSU_(\S+)/.match(cgi['db'])[1]
             cgi['db']
           else
             @stub='sisu'
@@ -511,17 +511,17 @@ module SiSU_CGI_sql
           if cgi['view']=~/text/; checked_index,checked_text='','checked'
           else                    checked_index,checked_text='checked',''
           end
-          checked_url='checked' if cgi['url'] =~/\S/ or cgi['u'].to_i==1 
-          checked_searched='checked' if cgi['searched'] =~/\S/ 
-          checked_tip='checked' if cgi['tip'] =~/\S/ 
-          checked_echo='checked' if cgi['echo'] =~/\S/ 
-          checked_sql='checked' if cgi['sql'] =~/\S/ 
-          if cgi['checks'] =~/check_all/ or cgi['check_all'] =~/\S/ or cgi['a'].to_i==1 
+          checked_url='checked' if cgi['url'] =~/\S/ or cgi['u'].to_i==1
+          checked_searched='checked' if cgi['searched'] =~/\S/
+          checked_tip='checked' if cgi['tip'] =~/\S/
+          checked_echo='checked' if cgi['echo'] =~/\S/
+          checked_sql='checked' if cgi['sql'] =~/\S/
+          if cgi['checks'] =~/check_all/ or cgi['check_all'] =~/\S/ or cgi['a'].to_i==1
             checked_all=checked_url=checked_searched=checked_tip=checked_echo=checked_sql='checked'
-            checked_none='' 
-          elsif cgi['checks'] =~/check_none/ #or cgi['a'].to_i==0 
+            checked_none=''
+          elsif cgi['checks'] =~/check_none/ #or cgi['a'].to_i==0
             checked_none='checked'
-            checked_all=checked_url=checked_searched=checked_tip=checked_echo=checked_sql='' 
+            checked_all=checked_url=checked_searched=checked_tip=checked_echo=checked_sql=''
           else checked_ignore='checked'
           end
       WOK_SQL
@@ -560,7 +560,7 @@ module SiSU_CGI_sql
             @@canned_search_url=if checked_all =~/checked/
               "#@base?#{s1}#{key}#{ti}#{au}#{sj}#{dsc}#{pb}#{cntr}#{dt}#{ty}#{id}#{src}#{lang}#{rel}#{cov}#{cr}#{co}#{ab}#{dtc}#{dti}#{dtm}#{dta}#{dtv}#{fns}&db=#{cgi['db']}&view=#{cgi['view']}&a=1"
             else "#@base?#{s1}#{key}#{ti}#{au}#{sj}#{dsc}#{pb}#{cntr}#{dt}#{ty}#{id}#{src}#{lang}#{rel}#{cov}#{cr}#{co}#{ab}#{dtc}#{dti}#{dtm}#{dta}#{dtv}#{fns}&db=#{cgi['db']}&view=#{cgi['view']}&u=1&e=1"
-            end      
+            end
             @search[:text][1]=%{documents.clean~'#{@search_for.text1}'} #s1
             @search[:endnotes][1]=%{endnotes.clean~'#{@search_for.text1}'} #s1
             canned_note='previous search url:'
@@ -580,7 +580,7 @@ module SiSU_CGI_sql
             af.gsub!(/%2B/,' ')
             analyze_format=af
             st=af.split(/\s*;\s*/)
-            search_field=st.join("\n")      
+            search_field=st.join("\n")
           end
           green=%{<font size="2" color="#004000">}
           canned_search_url_txt=CGI.escapeHTML(@@canned_search_url)
@@ -617,7 +617,7 @@ module SiSU_CGI_sql
           #eg = %{canned search e.g.:<br /> <a href="#{url}">#{url}</a><br />find: #{analyze}<br />database: #{database}}
           #dbi_canning
           @header=Form.new(@base,search_field,selected_db,checked_index,checked_text,checked_tip,checked_searched,checked_url,checked_echo,checked_sql,checked_all,checked_none,checked_ignore,search_note,the_can).submission_form #% form
-          unless q['s1'] =~/\S/ or q['au'] =~/\S/ or @search[:text][1] =~/\S/ 
+          unless q['s1'] =~/\S/ or q['au'] =~/\S/ or @search[:text][1] =~/\S/
             print "Content-type: text/html\n\n"
             puts (@header+@tail)
           else #% searches
@@ -636,7 +636,7 @@ module SiSU_CGI_sql
             @body_main,@endnotes=[],[]
             @search_regx=nil
             oldtid=0
-            if @text_search_flag 
+            if @text_search_flag
               if checked_sql =~/\S/
                 sql_select_body=dbi_statement.sql_select_body_format
                 sql_select_endnotes=dbi_statement.sql_select_endnotes_format
@@ -659,14 +659,14 @@ module SiSU_CGI_sql
             #metadata_found_body
               if c['tid'].to_i != oldtid.to_i
                 title=%{<span style="background-color: #DDFFAA"><a href="#@hosturl_files/#@stub/#{location}/toc#{lang}.html">#{c['title']}</a></span> by #{c['creator']} <a href="#@hosturl_files/#@stub/#{location}/portrait#{lang}.pdf"><img border="0" width="15" height="18" src="#@image_src/b_pdf.png" alt="pdf portrait"></a><a href="#@hosturl_files/#@stub/#{location}/landscape#{lang}.pdf"><img border="0" width="18" height="15" src="#@image_src/b_pdf.png" alt="pdf landscape"></a> <a href="#@hosturl_files/#@stub/#{location}/sisu_manifest#{lang}.html"><img border="0" width="12" height="12" src="#@image_src/bullet_red.png" alt="manifest"><font size="2">&nbsp;?</font></a><br />}  if file_suffix=~/s/ #hmm watch file_suffix
-                 if @text_search_flag; title='<br /><hr>'+title 
-                 else                  title='<br />'+title 
+                 if @text_search_flag; title='<br /><hr>'+title
+                 else                  title='<br />'+title
                  end
                  @counter_txt_doc+=1
                  oldtid=c['tid'].to_i
                 else                    title=''
                 end
-                if @text_search_flag 
+                if @text_search_flag
                   if cgi['view']=~/text/                                         #% txt body
                     text=if c['suffix'] !~/1/ #seg
                       if @search_for.text1 =~/\S+/ or q['s1'] =~/\S+/                         #% only this branch is working !!
@@ -690,22 +690,22 @@ module SiSU_CGI_sql
                       else nil
                       end
                       matched_para=(@search_regx.to_s.class==String && @search_regx.to_s=~/\S\S+/) ? (c['body'].gsub(/(#@search_regx)/,'<span style="background-color: #ffff48">\1</span>')) : c['body'] #check
-                      %{<hr><p><font size="2">ocn <b><a href="#@hosturl_files/#@stub/#{location}/#{c['seg']}#{lang}.html##{c['ocn']}">#{c['ocn']}</a></b>:</font></p>#{matched_para}} 
+                      %{<hr><p><font size="2">ocn <b><a href="#@hosturl_files/#@stub/#{location}/#{c['seg']}#{lang}.html##{c['ocn']}">#{c['ocn']}</a></b>:</font></p>#{matched_para}}
                     elsif c['suffix'] =~/1/ #doc
                       %{#{title}<hr><p><font size="2">ocn #{c['ocn']}:#{c['body']}}
                     end
                     @counter_txt_ocn+=1
                     output=if c['seg'] =~/\S+/; title+text
-                    else                        text 
+                    else                        text
                     end
                   elsif cgi['view']=~/index/                                     #% idx body
                     if c['suffix'] !~/1/ #seg
-                      index=%{<a href="#@hosturl_files/#@stub/#{location}/#{c['seg']}#{lang}.html##{c['ocn']}">#{c['ocn']}</a>, } if @text_search_flag 
+                      index=%{<a href="#@hosturl_files/#@stub/#{location}/#{c['seg']}#{lang}.html##{c['ocn']}">#{c['ocn']}</a>, } if @text_search_flag
                     elsif c['suffix'] =~/1/ #doc
-                      index=%{<a href="#@hosturl_files/#@stub/#{location}/doc#{lang}.html##{c['ocn']}">#{c['ocn']}</a>, } 
+                      index=%{<a href="#@hosturl_files/#@stub/#{location}/doc#{lang}.html##{c['ocn']}">#{c['ocn']}</a>, }
                     end
-                    if c['seg'] =~/\S+/ 
-                      if @text_search_flag 
+                    if c['seg'] =~/\S+/
+                      if @text_search_flag
                         @counter_txt_ocn+=1
                         output=title+index
                       end
@@ -716,8 +716,8 @@ module SiSU_CGI_sql
                       end
                     end
                   end
-                else output=title 
-                end 
+                else output=title
+                end
               @counters_txt=if @counter_txt_doc > 0
                 %{<font size="2" color="#666666">Found in the main body of #@counter_txt_doc documents, and at #@counter_txt_ocn locations within.</font><br />}
               else ''
@@ -737,7 +737,7 @@ module SiSU_CGI_sql
               end
             #metadata_found_endnotes
               if @text_search_flag
-                if e['metadata_tid'].to_i != oldtid.to_i 
+                if e['metadata_tid'].to_i != oldtid.to_i
                   title=%{<br /><hr><span style="background-color: #DDFFAA"><a href="#@hosturl_files/#@stub/#{location}/toc#{lang}.html">#{e['title']}</a></span> by #{e['creator']} <a href="#@hosturl_files/#@stub/#{location}/portrait.pdf"><img border="0" width="15" height="18" src="#@image_src/b_pdf.png" alt="pdf portrait"></a><a href="#@hosturl_files/#@stub/#{location}/landscape.pdf"><img border="0" width="18" height="15" src="#@image_src/b_pdf.png" alt="pdf landscape"></a> <a href="#@hosturl_files/#@stub/#{location}/sisu_manifest#{lang}.html"><img border="0" width="12" height="12" src="#@image_src/bullet_red.png" alt="manifest"><font size="2">&nbsp;?</font></a><br />}  if file_suffix=~/s/
                   @counter_endn_doc+=1
                   oldtid=e['metadata_tid'].to_i
@@ -746,7 +746,7 @@ module SiSU_CGI_sql
                 if cgi['view']=~/text/                                           #% txt endnotes
                   @counter_endn_ocn+=1
                   matched_endnote=(@search_regx.to_s.class==String && @search_regx.to_s=~/\S\S+/) ? (e['body'].to_s.gsub(/(#@search_regx)/,'<span style="background-color: #ffff48">\1</span>')) : e['body'] #check
-                  output=%{#{title}<hr><font size="2">note <b><a href="#@hosturl_files/#@stub/#{location}/endnotes.html##{e['nr']}">#{e['nr']}</a></b> referred to from ocn <a href="#@hosturl_files/#@stub/#{location}/doc.html##{e['ocn']}">#{e['ocn']}</a>:</font> #{matched_endnote}} 
+                  output=%{#{title}<hr><font size="2">note <b><a href="#@hosturl_files/#@stub/#{location}/endnotes.html##{e['nr']}">#{e['nr']}</a></b> referred to from ocn <a href="#@hosturl_files/#@stub/#{location}/doc.html##{e['ocn']}">#{e['ocn']}</a>:</font> #{matched_endnote}}
                 elsif cgi['view']=~/index/                                       #% idx endnotes
                   @counter_endn_ocn+=1
                   output=%{#{title}<a href="#@hosturl_files/#@stub/#{location}/endnotes.html#_#{e['nr']}">#{e['nr']}</a> [&sect; <a href="#@hosturl_files/#@stub/#{location}/doc.html##{e['ocn']}">#{e['ocn']}</a>], }
@@ -782,9 +782,9 @@ __END__
 #@counter_endn_ocn
 
 
-  if cgi['checks'] =~/check_all/ or cgi['check_all'] =~/\S/ or cgi['a'].to_i==1 
+  if cgi['checks'] =~/check_all/ or cgi['check_all'] =~/\S/ or cgi['a'].to_i==1
     checked_all=checked_url=checked_searched=checked_tip=checked_echo=checked_sql='checked'
-    checked_none='' 
+    checked_none=''
   #elsif cgi['checks'] =~/check_fixed/ or cgi['check_fixed'] =~/\S/
   #  #checked_ignore='checked'
   #  checked_fixed='checked'
@@ -802,8 +802,8 @@ __END__
   #  checked_echo='checked' if cgi['echo'] =~/\S/
   #  checked_sql='checked' if cgi['sql'] =~/\S/
   #  checked_none=''
-  elsif cgi['checks'] =~/check_none/ or cgi['a'].to_i==0 
+  elsif cgi['checks'] =~/check_none/ or cgi['a'].to_i==0
     checked_none='checked'
-    checked_all=checked_url=checked_searched=checked_tip=checked_echo=checked_sql='' 
+    checked_all=checked_url=checked_searched=checked_tip=checked_echo=checked_sql=''
   else checked_ignore='checked'
   end
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/cgi_sqlite.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/cgi_sqlite.rb
index d00237af..6690d051 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/cgi_sqlite.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/cgi_sqlite.rb
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -47,8 +47,8 @@
 
 =end
 module  SiSU_CGI_sqlite                                                            #% database building documents
-  require SiSU_lib + '/sysenv'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/cgi_sql_common'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/sysenv"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/cgi_sql_common"
   include SiSU_CGI_sql
   class SiSU_search_sqlite < SiSU_CGI_common
     def initialize(opt,webserv)
@@ -59,9 +59,9 @@ module  SiSU_CGI_sqlite
     end
     def sqlite
       serve=[]
-      Dir.foreach(@env.path.webserv) do |x| 
-        if x !~/^\./ and FileTest.directory?("#{@env.path.webserv}/#{x}") 
-          if FileTest.file?("#{@env.path.webserv}/#{x}/sisu_sqlite.db"); serve << x unless x =~/^_\S+/ 
+      Dir.foreach(@env.path.webserv) do |x|
+        if x !~/^\./ and FileTest.directory?("#{@env.path.webserv}/#{x}")
+          if FileTest.file?("#{@env.path.webserv}/#{x}/sisu_sqlite.db"); serve << x unless x =~/^_\S+/
           end
         end
       end
@@ -82,18 +82,18 @@ module  SiSU_CGI_sqlite
         f3 << %{          when /SiSU_#{x}/;                      "#{@env.path.webserv}/#{x}/sisu_sqlite.db"\n}
       end
       f3 << "          end\n"
-      if FileTest.writable?('.') 
+      if FileTest.writable?('.')
         output=File.open('sisu_sqlite.cgi','w')
         output << header0 << header1 << header_desc << header2 << f1 << buttons1 << buttons2 << search_request << search_statement << search_statement_common << search_query1 << @common.pages << search_query2 << @common.tail << @common.main1 << f2 << f3 << dbi_connect << @common.main2
-        a=%{        generated sisu_sqlite.cgi, 
-            BASED ON ALREADY CREATED sisu_sqlite.db OUTPUT, (-d) 
+        a=%{        generated sisu_sqlite.cgi,
+            BASED ON ALREADY CREATED sisu_sqlite.db OUTPUT, (-d)
         }
-        tell=SiSU_Screen::Ansi.new(@opt.cmd,a) 
+        tell=SiSU_Screen::Ansi.new(@opt.cmd,a)
         tell.print_grey
         c=case @webserv
         when /pwd/; ''
         else "if necessary make the directory /usr/lib/cgi-bin :
-                  sudo cp -vi #{Dir.pwd}/sisu_sqlite.cgi /usr/lib/cgi-bin/. 
+                  sudo cp -vi #{Dir.pwd}/sisu_sqlite.cgi /usr/lib/cgi-bin/.
                   sudo chmod -v 755 /usr/lib/cgi-bin/sisu_sqlite.cgi
                   (copy sisu_sqlite.cgi to your cgi directory) and set file permissions to 755"
         end
@@ -182,10 +182,10 @@ module  SiSU_CGI_sqlite
           select
         end
         def sql_select_body_format
-          %{<font color="#666666" size="2">#{sql_select_body}</font>} 
+          %{<font color="#666666" size="2">#{sql_select_body}</font>}
         end
         def sql_select_endnotes_format
-          %{<font color="#666666" size="2">#{sql_select_endnotes}</font>} 
+          %{<font color="#666666" size="2">#{sql_select_endnotes}</font>}
         end
         def contents
           @conn.select_all(sql_select_body)
@@ -199,7 +199,7 @@ module  SiSU_CGI_sqlite
     def dbi_connect
       <<-'WOK_SQL'
           @dbi="DBI:SQLite:#{db_sqlite}" #sqlite3 ?
-          @conn=DBI.connect(@dbi) 
+          @conn=DBI.connect(@dbi)
       WOK_SQL
     end
   end
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/character_encoding.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/character_encoding.rb
index 743eac82..2f1f65d2 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/character_encoding.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/character_encoding.rb
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -48,13 +48,13 @@
 =end
 module SiSU_character_encode
   require 'kirbybase'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/sysenv'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/sysenv"
   class Characters
     attr_accessor(:character_encoding,:glyph,:dec,:hex,:rb,:html,:html_name,:tex,:tex_licr,:tex_alt,:name)
     def initialize(&block)
       instance_eval(&block)
     end
-  end 
+  end
   class Create <Characters
     def initialize
       #NOTE places character_encoding.tbl in correct subdirectory ./_sisu_processing/encoding
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ module SiSU_character_encode
     end
     def selected(selected,show)
       @y=[]
-      selected.each do |x| 
+      selected.each do |x|
         @y<<case show
         when 'glyph';     x.glyph
         when 'dec';       x.dec
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ module SiSU_character_encode
     def table
       x=[]
 #:glyph, :dec,:hex,  :rb,            :xml ,   :html_name,  :tex,    :tex_licr,         :tex_alt,          :name
-      x=[                                                                                        
+      x=[
   ['',     9, '',    '',             '&#009;', nil,         '',     '',                '',                'Horizontal tab'  ],
   ['',    15, '',    '',             '&#015;', nil,         '',     '',                '',                'Line feed'       ],
   ['',    17, '',    '',             '&#017;', nil,         '',     '',                '',                'Carriage return' ],
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/composite.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/composite.rb
index 99069b8f..9f01d0e4 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/composite.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/composite.rb
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@
                   ralph.amissah@gmail.com
 =end
 module SiSU_Assemble
-  require SiSU_lib + '/sysenv'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/sysenv"
   class Remote_image
     def initialize
       @env=SiSU_Env::Info_env.new
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ module SiSU_Assemble
       path="#{@env.path.processing}/external_document/image"
       File.mkpath(path) unless FileTest.directory?(path)
       download_from=images_array.shift
-      images_array.each do |i| 
+      images_array.each do |i|
         image="#{path}/#{i}"
         #unless FileTest.exists?(image)
           imagefile=File.new(image,'w+')
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ module SiSU_Assemble
       path="#{@env.path.processing}/external_document/skin/doc"
       File.mkpath(path) unless FileTest.directory?(path)
       download_from=doc_skin.shift
-      doc_skin.each do |i| 
+      doc_skin.each do |i|
         skin="#{path}/#{i}.rb"
         unless FileTest.exists?(skin)
           skinfile=File.new(skin,'w+')
@@ -104,7 +104,6 @@ module SiSU_Assemble
       end
     end
     def write(assembled)
-      m=/(.+)?(\.ssm$)/m
       assembled_file=File.new("#{@opt.fnb}._sst",'w+')
       assembled.each{|a| assembled_file << a }
       assembled_file.close
@@ -112,7 +111,7 @@ module SiSU_Assemble
     def download_images(download_from,images_array)
       path="#{@env.path.processing}/external_document/image"
       File.mkpath(path) unless FileTest.directory?(path)
-      images_array.each do |i| 
+      images_array.each do |i|
         image="#{path}/#{i}"
         unless FileTest.exists?(image)
           imagefile=File.new(image,'w+')
@@ -127,7 +126,7 @@ module SiSU_Assemble
       path="#{@env.path.processing}/external_document/skin/doc"
       File.mkpath(path) unless FileTest.directory?(path)
       download_from=doc_skin.shift
-      doc_skin.each do |i| 
+      doc_skin.each do |i|
         skin="#{path}/#{i}.rb"
         unless FileTest.exists?(skin)
           skinfile=File.new(skin,'w+')
@@ -142,15 +141,15 @@ module SiSU_Assemble
       file={ :prepared=>[],:images=>[] }
       rgx_image=/([a-zA-Z0-9._-]+?\.(?:png|jpg|gif))/
       #file[:prepared] << "#% Date " << "\n"
-      file[:prepared] << "\n% |#{fni}|@|^|>>ok\n" 
-      insert_array.each do |i| 
+      file[:prepared] << "\n% |#{fni}|@|^|>>ok\n"
+      insert_array.each do |i|
         i.gsub!(/^([12]|:?[AB])~\? /,'% [conditional heading:] \1~ ')            #off conditional heading (consider syntax)
         if i =~/^0~|^@\S+?:/
           i.gsub!(/\n/m,"\n%  ")
           i.gsub!(/\n%\s+$/m,'')
           i.gsub!(/^0~|^@\S+?:/m,"\n% [imported header:] ")                          #off imported headers
         end
-        file[:prepared] << i 
+        file[:prepared] << i
         file[:images] << i.scan(rgx_image).uniq if i =~rgx_image #flag
       end
       file[:prepared] << "\n% end import" << "\n\n"
@@ -198,10 +197,11 @@ module SiSU_Assemble
           end
         else tuned_file << para
         end
+        tuned_file.flatten!
         tuned_file.compact!
       end
       if @@imager.length >0
-        @@imager.each do |d,i| 
+        @@imager.each do |d,i|
           i.flatten!
           i.uniq!
           download_images(d,i)
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/concordance.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/concordance.rb
index 5f251830..c5462a9d 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/concordance.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/concordance.rb
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -47,14 +47,14 @@
                   ralph.amissah@gmail.com
 =end
 module SiSU_Concordance
-  require SiSU_lib + '/param'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/sysenv'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/defaults'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/dal'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/param"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/sysenv"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/defaults"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/dal"
   include SiSU_Param
   include SiSU_Env
   include SiSU_Viz
-  require SiSU_lib + '/html_format_css'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/html_format_css"
   include SiSU_HTML_Format
   class Source
     def initialize(opt)
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ module SiSU_Concordance
         tell=SiSU_Screen::Ansi.new(@md.cmd,"Concordance",tool)
         tell.grey_title_hi unless @md.cmd =~/q/
         wordmax=200000
-        unless @md.wc_words.nil? 
+        unless @md.wc_words.nil?
           if @md.wc_words < wordmax
             SiSU_Concordance::Source::Words.new(@md).songsheet
           else
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ module SiSU_Concordance
     end
     private
     class Doc_title
-      require SiSU_lib + '/param'
+      require "#{SiSU_lib}/param"
       include SiSU_Param
       include SiSU_Viz
       def initialize(lnk,md)
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ WOK
       end
       def create
         <<WOK
-<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">        
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
 <html>
 <head>
   <title>
@@ -161,16 +161,14 @@ WOK
       end
     end
     class Words
-      require SiSU_lib + '/defaults'
-      require SiSU_lib + '/param'
+      require "#{SiSU_lib}/defaults"
+      require "#{SiSU_lib}/param"
       include SiSU_Viz
       include SiSU_Param
-      require SiSU_lib + '/html_format_css'
+      require "#{SiSU_lib}/html_format_css"
       include SiSU_HTML_Format
-      require SiSU_lib + '/vocab'
-      require SiSU_lib + '/sysenv'
+      require "#{SiSU_lib}/sysenv"
       include SiSU_Screen
-      include Wordlists
       @@dp=nil
       def initialize(md)
         begin
@@ -190,8 +188,9 @@ WOK
           @rxp_t1=Regexp.new('^T1')
           @rxp_t2=Regexp.new('^T2')
           @rxp_t3=Regexp.new('^T3')
-          @rxp_excluded1=Regexp.new(/(?:https?|ftp):\/\/\S+/mi)
-          @rxp_excluded0=Regexp.new(/^(?:to\d+|\d+| \s*|&nbsp;|EOF|thumb_\S+|snap_\S+|_+|-+|\S+?_\S+|[\d_]+\w\S+|[\w\d]{1,2}|\d{1,3}\w?|ii|iii|iv|vi|vii|viii|ix|xi|xii|xiii|xiv|xv|xvi|xvii|xviii|xix|xx|#@dp|[0-9a-f]{24,64}|\d{2,3}x\d{2,3}|\S{0,2}sha\d|\S{0,3}\d{4}w\d\d|\b\w\d+|\d_all\b|e\.?g\.?)$/mi)
+          @rxp_excluded1=/(?:https?|ftp):\/\/\S+/mi
+          @rxp_excluded0=/^(?:to\d+|\d+|&nbsp;|EOF|thumb_\S+|snap_\S+|_+|-+|ii+|iv|vi+|ix|xi+|xiv|xv|xvi+|xix|xx|\S+?_\S+|[\d_]+\w\S+|[\w\d]{1,2}|\d{1,3}\w?|#@dp|[0-9a-f]{16,64}|\d{2,3}x\d{2,3}|\S{0,2}sha\d|\S{0,3}\d{4}w\d\d|\b\w\d+|\d_all\b|e\.?g\.?)$/mi #this regex causes and cures a stack dump in ruby 1.9 !!!
+          @rgx_scanlist=%r{(?:<i>(?:[a-zA-Z0-9"\s]){2,7}</i>|<b>(?:[a-zA-Z0-9"\s]){2,7}</b>|http://\S+)|code\{.+?\}code|<\S+?>|\w+}mi
         rescue; SiSU_Errors::Info_error.new($!,$@,@md.cmd,@md.fns).error
         end
       end
@@ -227,28 +226,14 @@ WOK
       def map_para
         @seg,toy=nil,nil
         @word_map={}
-        wordlist=Wordlists::Lists.new
-        lesser,greater,scanlist,special=wordlist.lesser,wordlist.greater,wordlist.scanlist,wordlist.special
-        #lesser,greater,scanlist=wordlist.lesser,wordlist.greater,wordlist.scanlist
         @dal_array.each do |line|
           if line !~/<~(\d+);[um]\d+;\w\d+><#@dp:#@dp>$/ # lines to ignore: # are added but not part of authors substantive text; 0 are mostly machine generated
-            if line =~/^0~vocabulary\s+(.+)/
-              vocab=$1
-              unless vocab =~/none/
-                load SiSU_lib + "/vocab_#{vocab}.rb"
-                lesser,greater,scanlist=wordlist.lesser,wordlist.greater,wordlist.scanlist
-                #special=wordlist.special ##KEEP did two loops
-                tell=SiSU_Screen::Ansi.new(@md.cmd,"\tloaded vocabulary: #{vocab}")
-                tell.puts_grey unless @md.cmd =~/q/ #check
-              end
-            end
             if line =~@rxp_seg;   @seg=line[@rxp_seg,1]
             end
             if line =~@rxp_to;    toy=line[@rxp_to,1]
             end
             if toy =~/\d+/ and toy !~/^0$/
-              for word in line.scan(scanlist) #%take in word or other match
-              #for word in line.scan(special) #%take in word or other match #KEEP was second loop
+              for word in line.scan(@rgx_scanlist) #%take in word or other match
                 word=nil if word =~@rxp_excluded0 #watch
                 word=nil if word =~@rxp_excluded1 #watch
                 if word
@@ -264,10 +249,10 @@ WOK
                   word.strip!
                   word.gsub!(/^\d+(st|nd|rd|th)$/,'')
                   word.gsub!(/^(\d+\.?)+$/, '')
-                  word = nil if word =~/^\s*$/ #watch
+                  word=nil if word =~/^\s*$/ #watch
                   if word
                     word.capitalize! unless word =~/[A-Z][A-Z]/ or word =~/\w+\s\w+/
-                    #word.downcase! if word =~lesser 
+                    #word.downcase! if word =~lesser
                     #word.capitalize! if word =~greater
                     @freq[word] +=1
                     @word_map[word] ||= []
@@ -294,7 +279,7 @@ WOK
           if keyword !~ @rxp_excluded0
             if @word_map[word][0] =~ /\d+/
               wm=[]
-              @file_index_all << %{#{keyword}#{seg}#{@word_map[word].uniq.compact}}
+              @file_index_all << %{#{keyword}#{seg}#{@word_map[word].uniq.compact.join}}
             end
             @file_index_all << '</p>'
           end
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/conf.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/conf.rb
index 192ffe2f..e521643a 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/conf.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/conf.rb
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -47,12 +47,12 @@
                   ralph.amissah@gmail.com
 =end
 module SiSU_Initialize
-  require SiSU_lib + '/sysenv'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/sysenv"
   include SiSU_Env
   include SiSU_Screen
-  require SiSU_lib + '/relaxng'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/relaxng"
   include SiSU_relaxng
-  require SiSU_lib + '/css'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/css"
   include SiSU_Style
   class Source
     def initialize(opt)
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ module SiSU_Initialize
   end
   class SiSU_Config #config files such as css are not updated if they already exist unless forced using the --init=site modifier
     require 'fileutils'
-    require SiSU_lib + '/sysenv'
+    require "#{SiSU_lib}/sysenv"
     include FileUtils #::Verbose
     def initialize(opt)
       @opt=opt
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ module SiSU_Initialize
       end
     end
     def trang_rnc_model_output_sax
-      s=@suffix  
+      s=@suffix
       rnc_src=@env.path.dal + '/sax.' + s[:rnc]
       rnc_file=@path[:rnc] + '/' + @rxng.rnc_name.output_sax
       rng_file=@path[:rng] + '/' + @rxng.rng_name.output_sax
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/css.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/css.rb
index 47f7e375..f8c7d25b 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/css.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/css.rb
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -47,8 +47,8 @@
                   ralph.amissah@gmail.com
 =end
 module SiSU_Style
-  require SiSU_lib + '/sysenv'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/defaults'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/sysenv"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/defaults"
   class CSS
     def initialize
       @vz=SiSU_Env::Get_init.instance.skin
@@ -97,14 +97,14 @@ WOK
     background: #{@vz.color_white};
   }
 /*
-    table { 
+    table {
       margin-left: 5%;
       display: block;
     }
-    tr { 
+    tr {
       display: block;
     }
-    th, td { 
+    th, td {
       display: inline;
     }
 */
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ WOK
     top: 0;
     bottom: 80px;
     width: 100%;
-  } 
+  }
   #top_band_search {
     position: absolute;
     top: 0px;
@@ -387,14 +387,14 @@ WOK
   p.i4 {margin-left: 35mm;}
   p.i5 {margin-left: 40mm;}
   p.i6 {margin-left: 45mm;}
-  
+
   table { }
   tr { }
   th, td { }
-  p.left, th.left, td.left { 
+  p.left, th.left, td.left {
     text-align: left;
   }
-  p.right, th.right, td.right { 
+  p.right, th.right, td.right {
     text-align: right;
   }
 
@@ -543,7 +543,7 @@ WOK
     color: #000077;
   }
   li.doc {
-    background: url(../image/bullet_doc.png) no-repeat 0 0; 
+    background: url(../image/bullet_doc.png) no-repeat 0 0;
     padding-left: 16px;
     margin-left: 10px;
     margin-top: 0px;
@@ -966,20 +966,20 @@ WOK
       margin-top: 0px;
       margin-bottom: 0px;
     }
-    table { 
+    table {
       margin-left: 5%;
       display: block;
     }
-    tr { 
+    tr {
       display: block;
     }
-    th, td { 
+    th, td {
       display: inline;
     }
-    th.left { 
+    th.left {
       text-align: left;
     }
-    td.right { 
+    td.right {
       text-align: right;
     }
     body {
@@ -1167,7 +1167,7 @@ WOK
       margin-top: 4px;
       margin-bottom: 0px;
     }
-    en { 
+    en {
       font-size: xx-small;
       vertical-align: super;
     }
@@ -1243,14 +1243,14 @@ WOK
       margin-top: 0px;
       margin-bottom: 0px;
     }
-    table { 
+    table {
       margin-left: 5%;
       display: block;
     }
-    tr { 
+    tr {
       display: block;
     }
-    th,td { 
+    th,td {
       display: inline;
     }
     body {
@@ -1375,7 +1375,7 @@ WOK
       margin-top: 4px;
       margin-bottom: 0px;
     }
-    en { 
+    en {
       font-size: xx-small;
       vertical-align: super;
     }
@@ -1553,14 +1553,14 @@ WOK
     text[class|="verse"], text[class|="group"], text[class|="code"] {
       text-align: left;
     }
-    table { 
+    table {
       margin-left: 5%;
       display: block;
     }
-    tr { 
+    tr {
       display: block;
     }
-    th, td { 
+    th, td {
       display: inline;
     }
     nametag {
@@ -1604,7 +1604,7 @@ WOK
       margin-top: 4px;
       margin-bottom: 0px;
     }
-    en { 
+    en {
       font-size: xx-small;
       vertical-align: super;
     }
@@ -1756,14 +1756,14 @@ WOK
       font-weight: bold;
       text-align: left;
     }
-    table { 
+    table {
       margin-left: 5%;
       display: block;
     }
-    tr { 
+    tr {
       display: block;
     }
-    th, td { 
+    th, td {
       display: inline;
     }
     nametag {
@@ -1807,7 +1807,7 @@ WOK
       margin-top: 4px;
       margin-bottom: 0px;
     }
-    en { 
+    en {
       font-size: xx-small;
       vertical-align: super;
     }
@@ -1922,7 +1922,7 @@ WOK
       margin-top: 0px;
       margin-bottom: 6px;
     }
-    en { 
+    en {
       font-size: xx-small;
       vertical-align: super;
     }
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/dal.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/dal.rb
index 43a4f015..2b711609 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/dal.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/dal.rb
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -47,12 +47,12 @@
                   ralph.amissah@gmail.com
 =end
 module SiSU_DAL
-  require SiSU_lib + '/defaults'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/sysenv'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/param'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/dal_syntax'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/dal_doc_str'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/i18n'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/defaults"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/sysenv"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/param"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/dal_syntax"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/dal_doc_str"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/i18n"
   include SiSU_Env
   include SiSU_Param
   include SiSU_Viz
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ module SiSU_DAL
       tell=SiSU_Screen::Ansi.new(@opt.cmd,'Document Abstraction')
       tell.green_title_hi unless @opt.cmd =~/q/
       file_array=IO.readlines(@opt.fns,'')
-      file_array.each do |l| 
+      file_array.each do |l|
         if l =~/\r\n/; l.gsub!(/\r\n/,"\n")
         end
       end
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ module SiSU_DAL
       @metafile="#{@env.path.dal}/#{@md.fns}.meta"
       my_make_source_file=SiSU_Env::Create_file.new(@md.cmd,@md.fns)
       data=data.join.split("\n\n")
-      data=SiSU_document_structure::Code.new(@md,data).code     
+      data=SiSU_document_structure::Code.new(@md,data).code
       data_new=[]
       data.each do |x|
         data_new << if x =~ /\n\n/m; x.split(/\n\n+/)
@@ -186,15 +186,15 @@ module SiSU_DAL
         end
       end
       data=data_new.flatten
-      data=SiSU_DAL::Make.new(@md,data).substitutions_and_insertions?
+      data=substitutions_and_insertions?(data)
       data=Syntax::Markup.new(@md,data).songsheet
-      data=SiSU_DAL::Make.new(@md,data).character_check
-      data=SiSU_DAL::Make.new(@md,data).images
-      data=SiSU_document_structure::Tables.new(@md,data).tables     
-      data=SiSU_DAL::Make.new(@md,data).numbering_song
-      data=SiSU_DAL::Make.new(@md,data).endnotes
-      data=SiSU_DAL::Make.new(@md,data).object_digest
-      meta=SiSU_DAL::Make.new(@md,data).metadata
+      data=character_check(data)
+      data=images(data)
+      data=SiSU_document_structure::Tables.new(@md,data).tables
+      data=numbering_song(data) #tr issue
+      data=endnotes(data)
+      data=object_digest(data)
+      meta=metadata(data)
       outputdata=data + meta
       if @md.cmd =~/[mM]/
         SiSU_DAL::Output.new(@md,outputdata).hard_output
@@ -203,24 +203,10 @@ module SiSU_DAL
       reset
       outputdata
     end
-  protected 
-    def vocabulary
-      data=@data
-      vocab_insert,tuned_file=[],[]
-      data.each do |para|
-        if para =~/^1~/ and @@flag_vocab == 0
-          vocab_insert << '0~vocabulary lex' << "\n\n" << para #watch consider
-          tuned_file << vocab_insert unless para.nil?
-          @@flag_vocab=1
-        else tuned_file << para unless para.nil?
-        end
-      end
-      tuned_file
-    end
-    def character_check
+  protected
+    def character_check(data)
       require 'iconv'
       reset
-      data=@data
       @tuned_file=[]
       endnote_no=1
       data.each do |para|
@@ -235,13 +221,13 @@ module SiSU_DAL
         para.gsub!(/ \/\//,'<br />')                                           #added 2004w29
         para.gsub!(/<br>/,'<br />')                                            #needed by xml, xhtml etc.
         #para.gsub!(/<p>/,'<p />')                                             #consider
-        para.gsub!(/`/,"'")   
+        para.gsub!(/`/,"'")
         para.gsub!(/\342\200\231/,"'") #if para =~/’/  #Avoid #&lsquo; &rsquo; #&ldquo; &rdquo;
-        para.gsub!(/\t/,' ')   
+        para.gsub!(/\t/,' ')
         para.gsub!(/�/,' ') #watch, replace with char code
-        para.gsub!(/[“”]/,'""')   
-        para.gsub!(/[­–—]/,'-')   #— – chk 
-        para.gsub!(/·/,'*')   
+        para.gsub!(/[“”]/,'""')
+        para.gsub!(/[­–—]/,'-')   #— – chk
+        para.gsub!(/·/,'*')
         para.gsub!(/\\copy(?:right)?\b/,'&#169;')
         para.gsub!(/\\trademark\b|\\tm\b/,'&#174;')
         #non_utf8(para)
@@ -256,10 +242,9 @@ module SiSU_DAL
         end
         @tuned_file << para unless para.nil?
       end
-      @tuned_file
+      @tuned_file=@tuned_file.flatten
     end
-    def images
-      data=@data
+    def images(data)
       tuned_file=[]
       @rmgk=false
       if SiSU_Env::Info_settings.new.program?('rmagick'); @rmgk=SiSU_Env::Load.new('RMagick').prog
@@ -273,14 +258,14 @@ module SiSU_DAL
             m=/\{\s*(\S+\.(?:png|jpg|gif))/
             if @rmgk
               imgs=para.scan(m).flatten
-              images=imgs.each do |image| 
+              images=imgs.each do |image|
                 dir=SiSU_Env::Info_env.new(@md.fns)
                 path_image=[dir.path.image_source_local_tex,dir.path.image_source_remote_tex,dir.path.image_source_tex]
                 image_path=nil
                 path_image.each do |image_path|
-                  break if FileTest.exists?("#{image_path}/#{image}")
+                  break if FileTest.exist?("#{image_path}/#{image}")
                 end
-                if FileTest.exists?("#{image_path}/#{image}")
+                if FileTest.exist?("#{image_path}/#{image}")
                   img=Magick::ImageList.new("#{image_path}/#{image}")
                   img_col,img_row=img.columns,img.rows
                   if img_col > img_row                                               #landscape
@@ -303,14 +288,14 @@ module SiSU_DAL
                 end
               end
             else
-              images=para.scan(m) do |image| 
+              images=para.scan(m) do |image|
                 tell=SiSU_Screen::Ansi.new(@md.cmd,'where image dimensions have not been provided RMagick is required',image)
                 tell.warn #unless @opt.cmd =~/q/
               end
             end
           end
         end
-        para.gsub!(/\{\s+(\S+\.(?:png|jpg|gif))\s+/i,'{\1 ') if para =~/\{\s+\S+\.(?:png|jpg|gif).+?\}(?:(?:https?|ftp):\S+|image)/ 
+        para.gsub!(/\{\s+(\S+\.(?:png|jpg|gif))\s+/i,'{\1 ') if para =~/\{\s+\S+\.(?:png|jpg|gif).+?\}(?:(?:https?|ftp):\S+|image)/
         tuned_file << para unless para.nil?
       end
       tuned_file
@@ -355,8 +340,7 @@ module SiSU_DAL
       end
       file_type_names=file_type_names.flatten
     end
-    def substitutions_and_insertions?
-      data=@data
+    def substitutions_and_insertions?(data)
       tuned_file=[]
       if data[0] =~ /^#!\s*(?:\/usr\/bin\/env sisu|\/usr\/bin\/sisu)/ # remove bang from top #! (however file is stripped, so will be removed provided no content preceeds it)
         data[0].gsub!(/^#!\s*\/usr\/bin\/sisu/,'')
@@ -368,7 +352,7 @@ module SiSU_DAL
       end
       data.each do |para|
         para=if @md.markup_version.to_f >= 0.38
-          SiSU_document_structure::Structure.new(@md,para).structure_markup_normalize     
+          SiSU_document_structure::Structure.new(@md,para).structure_markup_normalize
         else para
         end
         #para.gsub!(/<url:(\S+?)>/,'\1') #consider, would permit use of text hyperlinks if desired, dal_syntax more appropriate?
@@ -377,13 +361,13 @@ module SiSU_DAL
           para.gsub!(/^@(\S+?):\s+/,'0~\1 ')
           para.gsub!(/^@(\S+?):([+-])\s+/,'0~\1\2 ')
         end
-        if para !~/^%+\s/ and 
+        if para !~/^%+\s/ and
            para =~/^(?:_\*\s+)?\{(?:~\^\s+)?(.+?)\s\[(?:\d(?:[sS]+))\]\}(?:\.\.\/\S+?\/|\S+?\.(?:sst|ssm)\b)(?:\s+~\{.+?\}~)?(?:\s+\*~\S+)*\s*$/
           txt,cmd,source,url_dir,note,manifest=nil,nil,nil,nil,nil,nil
           url_and_stub=SiSU_Env::Info_env.new.url
           if defined? url_and_stub.remote
             @output_url="#{url_and_stub.remote}"
-            if para =~/\{(.+?)\s\[(\d[sS]*)\]\}((\S+?)\.ss[tm])(\s+~\{.+?\}~)?/ 
+            if para =~/\{(.+?)\s\[(\d[sS]*)\]\}((\S+?)\.ss[tm])(\s+~\{.+?\}~)?/
               #syntax e.g.: { "Sphinx or Robot", Leena Krohn [3sS]}sphinx_or_robot.leena_krohn.1996.sst
               txt,cmd,source,url_dir,note=$1,$2,$3,$4,$5
             elsif para =~/\{(.+?)\s\[(\d[sS]*)\]\}\.\.\/(\S+?)\/(\s+~\{.+?\}~)?/
@@ -418,9 +402,9 @@ module SiSU_DAL
             when /sisupod.zip/;        ' zipped markup source pod'
             else nil
             end
-            if describe 
+            if describe
               if @output_url
-                tuned_file << "_1 {#{describe} }#@output_url/#{url_dir}/#{o_f}\n\n" if describe 
+                tuned_file << "_1 {#{describe} }#@output_url/#{url_dir}/#{o_f}\n\n" if describe
               else
                 tuned_file << "_1 { #{describe} }../#{url_dir}/#{o_f}\n\n"
               end
@@ -462,21 +446,19 @@ module SiSU_DAL
       end
       tuned_file
     end
-    def numbering_song
-      data=@data
-      data=SiSU_DAL::Make.new(@md,data).number_plaintext_para
-      data=SiSU_DAL::Make.new(@md,data).name_endnote_seg
-      data=SiSU_DAL::Make.new(@md,data).auto_number_heading_ie_title
-      data=SiSU_DAL::Make.new(@md,data).ocn unless @md.markup =~/not_to/
-      data=SiSU_DAL::Make.new(@md,data).minor_numbering #unless @md.markup =~/not_to/
-      data=SiSU_DAL::Make.new(@md,data).name_para_seg_filename
-      data=SiSU_DAL::Make.new(@md,data).set_heading_seg unless @md.set_heading_seg    
-      data=SiSU_DAL::Make.new(@md,data).set_heading_top unless @md.set_heading_top
-      data=SiSU_DAL::Make.new(@md,data).set_header_title unless @md.set_header_title
+    def numbering_song(data)
+      data=number_plaintext_para(data)
+      data=name_endnote_seg(data) #tr issue
+      data=auto_number_heading_ie_title(data) #tr issue
+      data=ocn(data) unless @md.markup =~/not_to/
+      data=minor_numbering(data) #unless @md.markup =~/not_to/
+      data=name_para_seg_filename(data)
+      data=set_heading_seg(data) unless @md.set_heading_seg
+      data=set_heading_top(data) unless @md.set_heading_top
+      data=set_header_title(data) unless @md.set_header_title
       data
     end
-    def number_plaintext_para
-      data=@data
+    def number_plaintext_para(data)
       @tuned_file=[]
       data.each do |para|
         para.gsub!(/(^|[^<][^v][^>])\n/,'\1 ') #messy, but idea is that tables should retain breaks
@@ -484,24 +466,29 @@ module SiSU_DAL
         para.gsub!(/^\s+|\s$/,"\n")
         @tuned_file << para
       end
-      @tuned_file
+      @tuned_file=@tuned_file.flatten
     end
-    def name_endnote_seg
-      data=@data
+    def name_endnote_seg(data)
       @tuned_file=[]
       data.each do |para|
-        para.gsub!(/<:3>\s*<:ee>/,
-          "#{@@endnote['special_align']} <p /><br />\r " +
-          "#{@@endnote['seg_name_3']} <p /> " +
-          "#{@@endnote['special_align_close']}")
-        para.gsub!(/<:2>\s*<:ee>/,
-          "#{@@endnote['special_align']} <p /><br />\r " +
-          "#{@@endnote['seg_name_2']} <p />" +
-          "#{@@endnote['special_align_close']}")
-        para.gsub!(/<:1>\s*<:ee>/,
-          "#{@@endnote['special_align']} <p /><br />\r " +
-          "#{@@endnote['seg_name_1']} <p /> " +
-          "#{@@endnote['special_align_close']}")
+        para.gsub!(/<:3>\s*<:ee>/, <<-WOK
+#{@@endnote['special_align']} <p /><br />\r
+#{@@endnote['seg_name_3']} <p />
+#{@@endnote['special_align_close']}
+        WOK
+        )
+        para.gsub!(/<:2>\s*<:ee>/, <<-WOK
+#{@@endnote['special_align']} <p /><br />\r
+#{@@endnote['seg_name_2']} <p />
+#{@@endnote['special_align_close']}
+        WOK
+        )
+        para.gsub!(/<:1>\s*<:ee>/, <<-WOK
+#{@@endnote['special_align']} <p /><br />\r
+#{@@endnote['seg_name_1']} <p />
+#{@@endnote['special_align_close']}
+        WOK
+        )
         @tuned_file << para
       end
       # debug 2003w46 adding revision control info
@@ -509,7 +496,7 @@ module SiSU_DAL
         @tuned_file << "\n4~endnotes Endnotes <~0;0:0;u0>" #prob numbering, revisit
       end
       @tuned_file << "\n<ENDNOTES>"
-      @tuned_file
+      @tuned_file=@tuned_file.flatten
     end
     def owner_details_seg
       data << '4~owner.details Owner Details'
@@ -523,16 +510,15 @@ module SiSU_DAL
       else para.gsub!(/^#{num}~ /,"#{num}~#{title_no} #{title_no} ") #main
       end
       if @md.toc_lev_limit and @md.toc_lev_limit < num
-        para.gsub!(/^[5-8]~(?:~\S+)?\s*/,'!_ ') 
+        para.gsub!(/^[5-8]~(?:~\S+)?\s*/,'!_ ')
       end
       para
     end
-    def auto_number_heading_ie_title                                             #also does some segment naming 
-      data=@data
+    def auto_number_heading_ie_title(data)                                             #also does some segment naming
       @tuned_file=[]
       if @md.markup =~/num_top/ or @md.num_top # watch, 2003w23
-        input="#{@md.markup}"[/num_top\=([1-6])/,1] if @md.markup 
-        input||=@md.num_top if @md.num_top !~/^$/ 
+        input="#{@md.markup}"[/num_top\=([1-6])/,1] if @md.markup
+        input||=@md.num_top if @md.num_top !~/^$/
       end
       num_top=input.to_i
       t_no1=t_no2=t_no3=t_no4=0
@@ -596,21 +582,19 @@ module SiSU_DAL
         end
         @tuned_file << para
       end
-      @tuned_file
+      @tuned_file=@tuned_file.flatten
     end
-    def ocn                                                                      #and auto segment numbering increment
-      data=@data
+    def ocn(data)                                                                      #and auto segment numbering increment
       @tuned_file=[]
-      object_array=SiSU_document_structure::OCN.new(@md,data).ocn     
+      object_array=SiSU_document_structure::OCN.new(@md,data).ocn
       object_array.each do |o|
         @tuned_file <<= if o.ocn; "#{o.txt} <~#{o.ocn};#{o.lv};#{o.type}>"
         else o.txt
         end
-      end      
-      @tuned_file
+      end
+      @tuned_file=@tuned_file.flatten
     end
-    def minor_numbering                                                          #and auto segment numbering increment
-      data=@data
+    def minor_numbering(data)                                                          #and auto segment numbering increment
       @tuned_file=[]
       number_small,letter_small=0,0
       letter=%w( a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z )
@@ -633,13 +617,13 @@ module SiSU_DAL
         end
         @tuned_file << para
       end
-      @tuned_file
+      @tuned_file=@tuned_file.flatten
     end
-    def name_para_seg_filename
+    def name_para_seg_filename(data)
       # paragraph name/numbering rules
       # manual naming overrides, manual naming may be
       #   alpha-numeric characters mixed,
-      #   numeric only (a number), if 
+      #   numeric only (a number), if
       #     all segments have been named,
       #     the numbers used are over 1000 or
       #     it is  not minded that auto-numbering uses a funny scheme for naming segments (not yet implemented)
@@ -649,7 +633,6 @@ module SiSU_DAL
       #   if the title/heading text starts with a numeric, then that is used (1 3.1 3rd etc.)
       #   otherwise the level 4 segment number from the embedded document structure info is used
       #   if there is none a sequential number is designated, preceded by an underscore
-      data=@data
       @tuned_file=[]
       art_filename_auto=1
       @counter=1
@@ -711,10 +694,9 @@ module SiSU_DAL
       end
       @tuned_file=@tuned_file.flatten
     end
-    def set_heading_top                                                          #% make sure no false positives
+    def set_heading_top(data)                                                         #% make sure no false positives
       unless @md.set_heading_top
         puts "\tdocument contains no top level heading, (will have to manufacture one)" if @md.cmd =~/[MV]/
-        data=@data
         @tuned_file=[]
         data.each do |para|
           unless @md.set_heading_top
@@ -728,13 +710,12 @@ module SiSU_DAL
           end
           @tuned_file << para
         end
-        @tuned_file
+        @tuned_file=@tuned_file.flatten
       end
     end
-    def set_heading_seg                                                          #% make sure no false positives
+    def set_heading_seg(data)                                                          #% make sure no false positives
       unless @md.set_heading_seg
         puts "\tdocument contains no segment level, (will have to manufacture one)" if @md.cmd =~/[MV]/
-        data=@data
         @tuned_file=[]
         data.each do |para|
           unless @md.set_heading_seg
@@ -748,13 +729,12 @@ module SiSU_DAL
           end
           @tuned_file << para
         end
-        @tuned_file
+        @tuned_file=@tuned_file.flatten
       end
     end
-    def set_header_title                                                         #% make sure no false positives
+    def set_header_title(data)                                                         #% make sure no false positives
       unless @md.set_header_title
         puts "\t no document title provided, (will have to manufacture one)" if @md.cmd =~/[MV]/
-        data=@data
         @tuned_file=[]
         data.each do |para|
           unless @md.set_header_title
@@ -766,11 +746,10 @@ module SiSU_DAL
           end
           @tuned_file << para
         end
-        @tuned_file
+        @tuned_file=@tuned_file.flatten
       end
     end
-    def endnotes
-      data=@data
+    def endnotes(data)
       @tuned_file=[]
       endnote_no,endnote_ref=1,1
                                                                                  #% endnote work zone
@@ -786,23 +765,22 @@ module SiSU_DAL
                                                                                # auto-numbered endnotes <!e!> <!e_!> -->
         when /~\{\s+.+?\}~|~\[[*+]\s+.+?\]~/
           para.gsub!(/\s*(\}~|\]~)/,' \1')                                     # required 2003w31
-          @word_mode=para.scan(/\S+/)
-          word_mode=SiSU_DAL::Make.new(@md,@word_mode).endnote_call_number
+          word_mode=para.scan(/\S+/)
+          word_mode=endnote_call_number(word_mode)
           para=word_mode.join(' ')
           endnote_ref+=1
         when /~\^(?:\s|$)|<:e>/
                                                                                #%Note inserts endnotes previously gathered from /^(<!e[:_]!>|[-~]\{{3})/ (in earlier loop)
           word_mode=para.scan(/\S+/)
-          word_mode=SiSU_DAL::Make.new(@md,word_mode).endnote_call_number
+          word_mode=endnote_call_number(word_mode)
           para=word_mode.join(' ')
           endnote_ref+=1
         end
         @tuned_file << para
       end
-      @tuned_file
+      @tuned_file=@tuned_file.flatten
     end
-    def endnote_call_number
-      data=@data
+    def endnote_call_number(data)
       data.each do |word|
         case word
         when /~\{/
@@ -824,8 +802,7 @@ module SiSU_DAL
         end
       end
     end
-    def metadata
-      data=@data
+    def metadata(data)
       meta,@dc,@rc,@cvs,dctitle,add=Array.new(6){[]}
       dir=SiSU_Env::Info_env.new(@md.fns)
       base_html="#{dir.url.root}/#{@md.fnb}"
@@ -958,8 +935,8 @@ module SiSU_DAL
         @rc << "<b>Generated</b> #{head_no_rc}" if @rc.length > 0
         @rc << "#{@tr.last_generated}: <u>#{Time.now}</u> <~0;m#{ocnm};v#{ocnv}>"
         ocnm+=1; ocnv+=1
-        if @md.sisu_version[:version] 
-          @rc << "#{@tr.sisu_version}: <u>#{@md.sisu_version[:project]}</u>  <u>#{@md.sisu_version[:version]}</u> of #{@md.sisu_version[:date_stamp]} (#{@md.sisu_version[:date]}) <~0;m#{ocnm};v#{ocnv}>"  
+        if @md.sisu_version[:version]
+          @rc << "#{@tr.sisu_version}: <u>#{@md.sisu_version[:project]}</u>  <u>#{@md.sisu_version[:version]}</u> of #{@md.sisu_version[:date_stamp]} (#{@md.sisu_version[:date]}) <~0;m#{ocnm};v#{ocnv}>"
           ocnm+=1; ocnv+=1
         end
         @rc << "#{@tr.ruby_version}: <u> #{@md.ruby_version}</u> <~0;m#{ocnm};v#{ocnv}>"
@@ -979,7 +956,7 @@ module SiSU_DAL
       @rc.each { |x| meta << x }
       ## ENDNOTE RELATED endnote related
       meta << "\n<EOF>"
-      meta=SiSU_DAL::Make.new(@md,meta).object_digest
+      meta=object_digest(meta)
     end
     def stamped(para,hash_class)
       @tuned=[]
@@ -996,15 +973,15 @@ module SiSU_DAL
           /(?:.*?~\{.+?\}~|.*?~\[.+?\]~)+(.+?<~\d+;(?:\w|[0-6]:)\d+;\w\d+>)/.match(para)[1]
         else ''
         end
-        para_plus_en << para_tail 
-        para_plus_en.each {|e_p| en_and_para_digest << SiSU_DAL::Make.new(@md,e_p).endnote_digest }
+        para_plus_en << para_tail
+        en_and_para_digest << endnote_digest(para_plus_en)
         para_new=en_and_para_digest.join(' ')
         @tuned << para_new + '<' + digest_strip + ':' + digest_all + '>' unless para.nil?
       else @tuned << para + '<' + digest_strip + ':' + digest_all + '>' unless para.nil?
       end
       @tuned.join
     end
-    def object_digest
+    def object_digest(data)
     # 1. clean/stripped text without any markup, paragraph, headings etc. without endnotes
     # 2. endnotes clean/stripped text digest only (there may be several endnotes within a paragraph)
     # 3. whole object, text with markup and any endnotes, (question: with or without the endnote digests??? presumption better without, [however may be easier to check with?])
@@ -1012,9 +989,10 @@ module SiSU_DAL
     # vim==/<[0-9a-f]\{#{@@dl}\}\(:[0-9a-f]\{#{@@dl}\}\)\?>/
       require 'digest/md5'
       require 'digest/sha2'
-      data=@data
       @tuned_file=[]
+      data.compact!
       data.each do |para|
+        para.strip!
         if para=~/<~\d+;(?:\w|[0-6]:)\d+;\w\d+>/
           if @env.digest.type =~/sha256/
             for hash_class in [ Digest::SHA256 ]
@@ -1028,11 +1006,10 @@ module SiSU_DAL
         else @tuned_file << para unless para.nil?
         end
       end
-      @tuned_file
+      @tuned_file=@tuned_file.flatten
       #use md5 or to create hash of each dal object including ocn, & add into to each dal object
     end
-    def endnote_digest
-      data=@data
+    def endnote_digest(data)
       para_bit=[]
       data.each do |en_plus|
         para_bit <<= case en_plus
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/dal_doc_str.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/dal_doc_str.rb
index b2b18ca8..04cd3bdc 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/dal_doc_str.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/dal_doc_str.rb
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -49,8 +49,8 @@
  * Notes: tidy -xml sax.xml >> index.tidy
 =end
 module SiSU_document_structure
-  require SiSU_lib + '/dal_doc_str_tables'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/dal_doc_str_code'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/dal_doc_str_tables"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/dal_doc_str_code"
   class Structure
     def initialize(md,para)
       @md,@para=md,para
@@ -61,9 +61,9 @@ module SiSU_document_structure
       @para
     end
     def structure_markup
-      @para=unless @para =~/[0-6]~/ 
+      @para=unless @para =~/[0-6]~/
         @para=case @para
-        when /^\s*#{@md.lv1}/; @para.sub!(/(?:<[:!]1!?>\s*)?(.+)/,'1~ \1') if @para !~/^1~/ 
+        when /^\s*#{@md.lv1}/; @para.sub!(/(?:<[:!]1!?>\s*)?(.+)/,'1~ \1') if @para !~/^1~/
         when /^\s*#{@md.lv2}/; @para.sub!(/(?:<[:!]2!?>\s*)?(.+)/,'2~ \1') if @para !~/^2~/
         when /^\s*#{@md.lv3}/; @para.sub!(/(?:<[:!]3!?>\s*)?(.+)/,'3~ \1') if @para !~/^3~/
         when /^\s*#{@md.lv4}/; @para.sub!(/(?:<[:!]4!?>\s*)?(.+)/,'4~ \1') if @para !~/^4~/
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ module SiSU_document_structure
             end
             node+=1 if node_count_flag
             if para !~ regex_exclude_ocn # regex_exclude_large previously excluded
-              unless para=~/<:#>|~#|-#/ # |^\s*\*\s*\*\s*\*\s*$ <-consider leaving un-numbered 
+              unless para=~/<:#>|~#|-#/ # |^\s*\*\s*\*\s*\*\s*$ <-consider leaving un-numbered
                 ocn+=1
                 if para=~/^[1-8]~(?:\s+|\S)/ or para =~@md.lv1 or para =~@md.lv2 or para =~@md.lv3 or para =~@md.lv4 or para =~@md.lv5 or para =~@md.lv6
                   ocnh+=1
@@ -196,9 +196,9 @@ module SiSU_document_structure
               end
             else o[:txt],o[:node],o[:ocn],o[:lv],o[:type]=para,node,nil,nil,nil
             end
-          else 
+          else
             para=if para !~/^%{1,4}\s/
-              o[:txt],o[:node],o[:ocn],o[:lv],o[:type]=para,node,nil,nil,nil 
+              o[:txt],o[:node],o[:ocn],o[:lv],o[:type]=para,node,nil,nil,nil
             else ''
             end
           end
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/dal_doc_str_code.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/dal_doc_str_code.rb
index 46a466b6..540ffa95 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/dal_doc_str_code.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/dal_doc_str_code.rb
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ module SiSU_document_structure_code
           para.gsub!(/^(alt|group)\{.*/,'<:\1>')
         end
         if @@flag['code']
-          if @@flag['code'] and para =~/^\}code/ 
+          if @@flag['code'] and para =~/^\}code/
             para.gsub!(/^\}code.*/,'<:code-end>')
             @@flag['code']=false
           end
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ module SiSU_document_structure_code
             para=@line_mode.join
           end
         elsif @@flag['poem'] or @@flag['group']
-          if @@flag['poem'] and para =~/^\}(?:poem)/ 
+          if @@flag['poem'] and para =~/^\}(?:poem)/
             para.gsub!(/^\}(poem).*/,"\n<:verse-end>")
             @@flag['poem']=false
           elsif @@flag['group'] and para =~/^\}(?:alt|group)/
@@ -106,11 +106,11 @@ module SiSU_document_structure_code
           and para !~/<:(verse|code|alt|group)(-end)?>/
             sub_array=para.dup
             @line_mode=sub_array.scan(/.+/)
-            type=if @@flag['poem']; 'poem' 
+            type=if @@flag['poem']; 'poem'
             else 'group'
             end
             SiSU_document_structure_code::Code.new(@md,@line_mode).code_lines(type)
-            div=if @@flag['poem'] and @verse_count > 0 
+            div=if @@flag['poem'] and @verse_count > 0
               "\n" + '<:verse-end>' + "\n\n" + '<:verse>'
             else ''
             end
@@ -119,9 +119,9 @@ module SiSU_document_structure_code
           else para
           end
         end
-        if @@flag['code'] or @@flag['poem'] or  @@flag['group'] 
+        if @@flag['code'] or @@flag['poem'] or  @@flag['group']
           @tuned_group << para if para =~/\S+/
-        elsif para =~/<:(?:code|alt|group|verse)-end>/ 
+        elsif para =~/<:(?:code|alt|group|verse)-end>/
           @verse_count=0
           @tuned_group << para
           if para =~/<:group-end>/
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/dal_doc_str_tables.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/dal_doc_str_tables.rb
index e70490e5..919dca05 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/dal_doc_str_tables.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/dal_doc_str_tables.rb
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ module SiSU_document_structure_tables
         rem=(100 - col_width[0].to_i)
         col_w=rem/(@row[1].length - 1)
         "#{col_width[0].to_s};" + ("#{col_w};" * (@row[1].length-1))
-      else 
+      else
         col_w=100/@row[1].length
         "#{col_w};" * @row[1].length
       end
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ module SiSU_document_structure_tables
             table << if c =~/\A(?:\n)?\s*\Z/
               "¡¡#{w[n]}¡" + ' '
             else
-              "¡¡#{w[n]}¡" + c.strip 
+              "¡¡#{w[n]}¡" + c.strip
             end
           end
           table << '!>'                                                                  #'</tr>'
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ module SiSU_document_structure_tables
             para.strip!
             @tuned_table << para
             @tuned_table.delete('')
-            @tuned_file << @tuned_table.compact.join("\n") #@tuned_table.compact.join =~/\S+/  #would be preferable 
+            @tuned_file << @tuned_table.compact.join("\n") #@tuned_table.compact.join =~/\S+/  #would be preferable
             para=''
             @tuned_table=[]
             @@flag['table_to']=false
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/dal_syntax.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/dal_syntax.rb
index 53d55da2..513dc721 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/dal_syntax.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/dal_syntax.rb
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ module Syntax
       if (defined? @md.make_italic[:str] and @md.make_italic[:str]) \
       or (defined? @vz.markup_make_italic[:str] and @vz.markup_make_italic[:str])
         line= if line !~/^(0~|%{1,4}\s)/  #!~/^(?:[0-6]~|!_|%+\s)/
-          word=line.scan(@line_scan_ital) 
+          word=line.scan(@line_scan_ital)
           word.flatten!
           word.compact! #reinstated
           line_array=[]
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ module Syntax
       if (defined? @md.make_bold[:str] and @md.make_bold[:str]) or (defined? @vz.markup_make_bold[:str] and @vz.markup_make_bold[:str])
         line=if line !~/^(?:[0-9]~|%+\s)/
           line_array=[]
-          word=line.scan(@line_scan_bold) 
+          word=line.scan(@line_scan_bold)
           word.flatten!
           word.compact!
           word.each do |w|
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ module Syntax
               if defined? @md.make_bold[:regx] and @md.make_bold[:regx]   #document header: 0~bold [bold word list]
                 w.gsub!(@md.make_bold[:regx],'<b>\1</b>')
               elsif defined? @vz.markup_make_bold and @vz.markup_make_bold               #defaults and skin adjusted bold word list
-                w.gsub!(@vz.markup_make_bold,'<b>\1</b>')           
+                w.gsub!(@vz.markup_make_bold,'<b>\1</b>')
               end
             else
               if w =~ /(?:^!_|^[789]~)\s+/; embolden(w) #bold paragraph/emphasize #may wish to remove think about 7{ 8{ conversion not satisfactory, as information is lost!
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ module Syntax
       # << http://www.jus.uio.no/sisu/sisu_markup_table/markup >>
       # See: data/sisu/sample/document_samples_sisu_markup/
       # !{emphasis}!        e{emphasis}e       <strong>emphasis</strong>
-      # *{bold text}*       b{bold}b           <b>bold text</b>  
+      # *{bold text}*       b{bold}b           <b>bold text</b>
       # _{underline}_       u{underline}u      <u>underline</u>
       # /{italics}/         i{italics}i        <i>italics</i>
       # "{citation}"        c{citation}c       <cite>citation</cite> #blockquote?
@@ -273,14 +273,14 @@ module Syntax
         if line =~/(<:(?:verse|group)>)/; line.gsub!(/(<:(?:verse|group)>)/i,"\\1\n") #cosmetic
         else line.gsub!(/(<br \/>)/i,"\\1\n")
         end
-      else 
+      else
         line.gsub!(/<:codeline>/,"\n")
       end
       line
     end
     def tech                                                                       #script markup planned to be more strict for technical documents
       # !{emphasis}!        e{emphasis}e       <strong>emphasis</strong>
-      # *{bold text}*       b{bold}b           <b>bold text</b>  
+      # *{bold text}*       b{bold}b           <b>bold text</b>
       # _{underline}_       u{underline}u      <u>underline</u>
       # /{italics}/         i{italics}i        <i>italics</i>
       # "{citation}"        c{citation}c       <cite>citation</cite>
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/db_columns.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/db_columns.rb
index 295e1ae2..513cc62e 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/db_columns.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/db_columns.rb
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/db_create.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/db_create.rb
index d5fab27d..67ef7bbd 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/db_create.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/db_create.rb
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -47,9 +47,9 @@
                   ralph.amissah@gmail.com
 =end
 module SiSU_DB_create
-  require SiSU_lib + '/db_columns'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/db_columns"
   class Create < SiSU_DB_columns::Column_size
-    require SiSU_lib + '/sysenv'
+    require "#{SiSU_lib}/sysenv"
     @@dl=nil
     def initialize(opt,conn='',sql_type='pg')
       @opt,@conn,@sql_type=opt,conn,sql_type
@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ module SiSU_DB_create
           END;
         ' LANGUAGE 'plpgsql';
         CREATE TRIGGER removefile AFTER INSERT
-        PROCEDURE fileremoval(); 
+        PROCEDURE fileremoval();
 */
         }
         @comment['documents'] =%{
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/db_drop.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/db_drop.rb
index 44f31d2a..5a6a28a0 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/db_drop.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/db_drop.rb
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/db_import.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/db_import.rb
index 73161dc0..3e1c72cc 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/db_import.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/db_import.rb
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -47,9 +47,9 @@
                   ralph.amissah@gmail.com
 =end
 module SiSU_DB_import
-  require SiSU_lib + '/db_columns'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/db_load_tuple'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/shared_html_lite'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/db_columns"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/db_load_tuple"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/shared_html_lite"
   class Import < SiSU_DB_columns::Column_size
     include SiSU_Param
     include SiSU_Screen
@@ -76,21 +76,21 @@ module SiSU_DB_import
       @col[:lid]=@conn.execute( sql ) { |x| x.fetch_all.to_s.to_i }
       @col[:lid] ||=0
       sql='SELECT MAX(nid) FROM endnotes'
-      @id_n=@conn.execute( sql ) { |x| x.fetch_all.to_s.to_i } 
+      @id_n=@conn.execute( sql ) { |x| x.fetch_all.to_s.to_i }
       @id_n ||=0
       @col[:lv1]=@col[:lv2]=@col[:lv3]=@col[:lv4]=@col[:lv5]=@col[:lv6]=0
       @db=SiSU_Env::Info_db.new
       @@dl ||=SiSU_Env::Info_env.new.digest.length
     end
     def marshal_load
-      require SiSU_lib + '/dal'
+      require "#{SiSU_lib}/dal"
       @dal_array=SiSU_DAL::Source.new(@opt).get                  # dal file drawn here
       #@dal_array.each { |x| puts x.inspect; sleep 1 }
       tell=SiSU_Screen::Ansi.new(@opt.cmd,"#{@db.db_psql}::#{@opt.fns}")
       tell.puts_blue unless @opt.cmd =~/q/
       tell=SiSU_Screen::Ansi.new(@opt.cmd,'Marshal Load',@fnm)
       tell.print_grey if @opt.cmd =~/v/
-      case @sql_type 
+      case @sql_type
       when /sqlite/                                                              #fix logic for sqlite !
         import_db_metadata(@dal_array)
         import_documents(@dal_array)
@@ -348,7 +348,7 @@ module SiSU_DB_import
           data.gsub!(/<b>(.+?)<\/b>/,'\1')                             # remove bold, italics, underscore
           data.gsub!(/<i>(.+?)<\/i>/,'\1')                             # remove bold, italics, underscore
           data.gsub!(/<u>(.+?)<\/u>/,'\1')                             # remove bold, italics, underscore
-          #data.gsub!(/<:name#\S+?>/,'')          
+          #data.gsub!(/<:name#\S+?>/,'')
           @col[:seg]=@@seg
           if data =~/<~\d+;(?:\w|[0-6]:)\d+;\w\d+><[0-9a-f]{#{@@dl}}:[0-9a-f]{#{@@dl}}>/m                                                    # regular text
             notedata=data.dup
@@ -377,11 +377,11 @@ module SiSU_DB_import
               special_character_escape(@col[:body])
               @col[:plaintext]=@col[:body].dup
               strip_markup(@col[:plaintext])
-              if @en[0]; @en_a,@en_z = @en[0].first,@en[0].last
+              if @en[0]; @en_a,@en_z=@en[0].first,@en[0].last
               end
-              if @en_ast[0]; @en_a_asterisk,@en_z_asterisk = @en_ast[0].first,@en_ast[0].last
+              if @en_ast[0]; @en_a_asterisk,@en_z_asterisk=@en_ast[0].first,@en_ast[0].last
               end
-              if @en_pls[0]; @en_a_plus,@en_z_plus = @en_pls[0].first,@en_pls[0].last
+              if @en_pls[0]; @en_a_plus,@en_z_plus=@en_pls[0].first,@en_pls[0].last
               end
               t=SiSU_DB_tuple::Load_tuple.new(@conn,@col,@opt)
               t.tuple
@@ -419,11 +419,11 @@ module SiSU_DB_import
               special_character_escape(@col[:body])
               @col[:plaintext]=@col[:body].dup
               strip_markup(@col[:plaintext])
-              if @en[0]; @en_a,@en_z = @en[0].first,@en[0].last
+              if @en[0]; @en_a,@en_z=@en[0].first,@en[0].last
               end
-              if @en_ast[0]; @en_a_asterisk,@en_z_asterisk = @en_ast[0].first,@en_ast[0].last
+              if @en_ast[0]; @en_a_asterisk,@en_z_asterisk=@en_ast[0].first,@en_ast[0].last
               end
-              if @en_pls[0]; @en_a_plus,@en_z_plus = @en_pls[0].first,@en_pls[0].last
+              if @en_pls[0]; @en_a_plus,@en_z_plus=@en_pls[0].first,@en_pls[0].last
               end
               t=SiSU_DB_tuple::Load_tuple.new(@conn,@col,@opt)
               t.tuple
@@ -459,11 +459,11 @@ module SiSU_DB_import
               special_character_escape(@col[:body])
               @col[:plaintext]=@col[:body].dup
               strip_markup(@col[:plaintext])
-              if @en[0]; @en_a,@en_z = @en[0].first,@en[0].last
+              if @en[0]; @en_a,@en_z=@en[0].first,@en[0].last
               end
-              if @en_ast[0]; @en_a_asterisk,@en_z_asterisk = @en_ast[0].first,@en_ast[0].last
+              if @en_ast[0]; @en_a_asterisk,@en_z_asterisk=@en_ast[0].first,@en_ast[0].last
               end
-              if @en_pls[0]; @en_a_plus,@en_z_plus = @en_pls[0].first,@en_pls[0].last
+              if @en_pls[0]; @en_a_plus,@en_z_plus=@en_pls[0].first,@en_pls[0].last
               end
               t=SiSU_DB_tuple::Load_tuple.new(@conn,@col,@opt)
               t.tuple
@@ -499,11 +499,11 @@ module SiSU_DB_import
               special_character_escape(@col[:body])
               @col[:plaintext]=@col[:body].dup
               strip_markup(@col[:plaintext])
-              if @en[0]; @en_a,@en_z = @en[0].first,@en[0].last
+              if @en[0]; @en_a,@en_z=@en[0].first,@en[0].last
               end
-              if @en_ast[0]; @en_a_asterisk,@en_z_asterisk = @en_ast[0].first,@en_ast[0].last
+              if @en_ast[0]; @en_a_asterisk,@en_z_asterisk=@en_ast[0].first,@en_ast[0].last
               end
-              if @en_pls[0]; @en_a_plus,@en_z_plus = @en_pls[0].first,@en_pls[0].last
+              if @en_pls[0]; @en_a_plus,@en_z_plus=@en_pls[0].first,@en_pls[0].last
               end
               t=SiSU_DB_tuple::Load_tuple.new(@conn,@col,@opt)
               t.tuple
@@ -538,11 +538,11 @@ module SiSU_DB_import
                 end
                 txt=%{\n\nLARGE TEXT BLOCK OMITTED\n\n}
               end
-              if @en[0]; @en_a,@en_z = @en[0].first,@en[0].last
+              if @en[0]; @en_a,@en_z=@en[0].first,@en[0].last
               end
-              if @en_ast[0]; @en_a_asterisk,@en_z_asterisk = @en_ast[0].first,@en_ast[0].last
+              if @en_ast[0]; @en_a_asterisk,@en_z_asterisk=@en_ast[0].first,@en_ast[0].last
               end
-              if @en_pls[0]; @en_a_plus,@en_z_plus = @en_pls[0].first,@en_pls[0].last
+              if @en_pls[0]; @en_a_plus,@en_z_plus=@en_pls[0].first,@en_pls[0].last
               end
               @col[:body]=if txt=~/<!T[h]?¡.+?!~\d+;\w\d+;\w\d+>/ #watch
                 SiSU_Format_Shared::CSS_Format.new(txt,@col[:ocn],@col[:ocnd],@col[:ocns]).html_table
@@ -567,7 +567,7 @@ module SiSU_DB_import
               endnote_array.each do |inf|
                 if inf[/~\{\d+.+?<[0-9a-f]{#{@@dl}}>\}~/]                                       # dal new endnotes 2003w31/1
                   if inf[/~\{(\d+)(.+?)<([0-9a-f]{#{@@dl}})>\}~/]                                       # dal new endnotes 2003w31/1
-                    en,txt,digest_clean=$1,$2,$3 
+                    en,txt,digest_clean=$1,$2,$3
                   end
                   @id_n+=1
                   body=SiSU_Format_Shared::CSS_Format.new(txt,@col[:ocn],@col[:ocnd],@col[:ocns],en).endnote
@@ -585,7 +585,7 @@ module SiSU_DB_import
                     #puts "'#{@id_n}', '#{@col[:lid]}', '#{en}', '#{txt}', '#{body}', '#{@col[:ocn]}', '#{@col[:ocnd]}', '#{@col[:ocns]}', '#{@@id_t}'" #% endnotes
                     @conn.execute(%{
                       INSERT INTO endnotes (nid, document_lid, nr, clean, body, ocn, ocnd, ocns, metadata_tid, digest_clean) VALUES ('#{@id_n}', '#{@col[:lid]}', '#{en}', '#{txt}', '#{body}', '#{@col[:ocn]}', '#{@col[:ocnd]}', '#{@col[:ocns]}', '#{@@id_t}', '#{digest_clean}');
-                    }) 
+                    })
                   end
                 end
               end
@@ -614,7 +614,7 @@ module SiSU_DB_import
                     #puts "'#{@id_n}', '#{@col[:lid]}', '#{en}', '#{txt}', '#{body}', '#{@col[:ocn]}', '#{@col[:ocnd]}', '#{@col[:ocns]}', '#{@@id_t}'" #% endnotes
                     @conn.execute(%{
                       INSERT INTO endnotes_asterisk (nid, document_lid, nr, clean, body, ocn, ocnd, ocns, metadata_tid, digest_clean) VALUES ('#{@id_n}', '#{@col[:lid]}', '#{en}', '#{txt}', '#{body}', '#{@col[:ocn]}', '#{@col[:ocnd]}', '#{@col[:ocns]}', '#{@@id_t}', '#{digest_clean}');
-                    }) 
+                    })
                   end
                 end
               end
@@ -643,7 +643,7 @@ module SiSU_DB_import
                     #puts "'#{@id_n}', '#{@col[:lid]}', '#{en}', '#{txt}', '#{body}', '#{@col[:ocn]}', '#{@col[:ocnd]}', '#{@col[:ocns]}', '#{@@id_t}'" #% endnotes
                     @conn.execute(%{
                       INSERT INTO endnotes_plus (nid, document_lid, nr, clean, body, ocn, ocnd, ocns, metadata_tid, digest_clean) VALUES ('#{@id_n}', '#{@col[:lid]}', '#{en}', '#{txt}', '#{body}', '#{@col[:ocn]}', '#{@col[:ocnd]}', '#{@col[:ocns]}', '#{@@id_t}', '#{digest_clean}');
-                    }) 
+                    })
                   end
                 end
               end
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/db_indexes.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/db_indexes.rb
index cd9b6e87..221c77ac 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/db_indexes.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/db_indexes.rb
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/db_load_tuple.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/db_load_tuple.rb
index 1be35e5a..9d513fda 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/db_load_tuple.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/db_load_tuple.rb
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@
 =end
 module SiSU_DB_tuple
   class Load_tuple                                                               #% main database populate
-    require SiSU_lib + '/param'
+    require "#{SiSU_lib}/param"
     include SiSU_Param
     def initialize(conn,col,opt)
       @conn,@col,@opt=conn,col,opt
@@ -70,8 +70,8 @@ module SiSU_DB_tuple
           INSERT INTO documents (lid, metadata_tid, lev, clean, body, ocn, ocnd, ocns, seg, lev1, lev2, lev3, lev4, lev5, lev6, digest_clean, digest_all) VALUES (#{@col[:lid]}, #{@col[:tid]}, #{@col[:lev]}, '#{@col[:plaintext]}', '#{@col[:body]}', '#{@col[:ocn]}', '#{@col[:ocnd]}', '#{@col[:ocns]}', '#{@col[:seg]}', '#{@col[:lv1]}', '#{@col[:lv2]}', '#{@col[:lv3]}', '#{@col[:lv4]}', '#{@col[:lv5]}', '#{@col[:lv6]}', '#{@col[:digest_clean]}', '#{@col[:digest_all]}');
         })
         end
-        if @opt.cmd =~/v/ 
-          if @col[:lev].to_s =~/[1235678]/ 
+        if @opt.cmd =~/v/
+          if @col[:lev].to_s =~/[1235678]/
             lev=case @col[:lev].to_s
             when /1/; ':A'
             when /2/; ':B'
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ module SiSU_DB_tuple
             end
             puts %{#{lev}>\t#{@col[:lv1]}\t#{@col[:lv2]}\t#{@col[:lv3]}\t#{@col[:lv4]}\t#{@col[:lv5]}\t#{@col[:lv6]}\t#{@col[:ocn]}\t#{@col[:ocnd]}\t#{@col[:ocns]}}
           elsif @col[:lev].to_s =~/[4]/
-            puts %{ #{@cX.green}1>#{@cX.off}\t#{@col[:lv1]}\t#{@col[:lv2]}\t#{@col[:lv3]}\t#{@col[:lv4]}\t#{@col[:lv5]}\t#{@col[:lv6]}\t#{@col[:ocn]}\t#{@col[:ocnd]}\t#{@col[:ocns]}\t#{@col[:seg]}} 
+            puts %{ #{@cX.green}1>#{@cX.off}\t#{@col[:lv1]}\t#{@col[:lv2]}\t#{@col[:lv3]}\t#{@col[:lv4]}\t#{@col[:lv5]}\t#{@col[:lv6]}\t#{@col[:ocn]}\t#{@col[:ocnd]}\t#{@col[:ocns]}\t#{@col[:seg]}}
           end
         end
       rescue; SiSU_Errors::Info_error.new($!,$@,@opt.cmd,@opt.fns).error
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/db_remove.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/db_remove.rb
index 81ec3643..0f955abb 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/db_remove.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/db_remove.rb
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ module SiSU_DB_remove
     def remove
       del=@conn.select_one(%{ SELECT tid FROM metadata WHERE filename LIKE '#{@opt.fns}'; })
       if del
-        del_id=del.join 
+        del_id=del.join
         #@conn.execute("BEGIN")
         @conn.execute(%{
           DELETE FROM endnotes WHERE metadata_tid LIKE '#{del_id}';
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/db_select.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/db_select.rb
index a6db4bfa..bfddd323 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/db_select.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/db_select.rb
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@
 =end
 module SiSU_DB_select
   class Case
-    def initialize(opt,conn='',sql_type='pg') 
+    def initialize(opt,conn='',sql_type='pg')
       @opt,@conn,@sql_type=opt,conn,sql_type
       #@sdb=Create.new(@conn)
       @sdb=SiSU_DB::Create.new(@opt,@conn,@sql_type)
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/db_tests.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/db_tests.rb
index 8d6d7caf..b39b96dd 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/db_tests.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/db_tests.rb
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ module SiSU_DB_tests
       unless @opt.cmd =~/q/
         puts @ck.tp[:fns]
         puts @ck.tp[:title]
-        puts @ck.tp[:creator] if @ck.tp[:creator] 
+        puts @ck.tp[:creator] if @ck.tp[:creator]
       end
     end
     def verify
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/dbi.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/dbi.rb
index 6c1b8adf..cf8b0884 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/dbi.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/dbi.rb
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -47,15 +47,15 @@
                   ralph.amissah@gmail.com
 =end
 module  SiSU_DBI                                                                 #% database building
-  require SiSU_lib + '/help'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/sysenv'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/help"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/sysenv"
   include SiSU_Env
   include SiSU_Screen
-  require SiSU_lib + '/param'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/param"
   include SiSU_Param
-  require SiSU_lib + '/shared_db'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/shared_db"
   include SiSU_DB
-  require SiSU_lib + '/shared_html_lite'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/shared_html_lite"
   include SiSU_Format_Shared
   class SiSU_SQL
     def initialize(opt)
@@ -75,14 +75,14 @@ module  SiSU_DBI
     def read_psql
       begin
         db,user,dbi=@db.db_psql,@db.user,@db.dbi_psql
-        @conn=DBI.connect(dbi,user,db) 
+        @conn=DBI.connect(dbi,user,db)
       rescue
         if @opt.mod.inspect=~/--(createall|create)/
           puts %{manually create the database: "#{db}" if it does not yet exist}
           #sudo su -p postgres;  createdb #{db}; #[createuser?]
         end
         SiSU_DB::Case.new(@opt,@conn,@sql_type).cases
-        @conn=DBI.connect(dbi,user,db) 
+        @conn=DBI.connect(dbi,user,db)
       ensure
       end
     end
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ module  SiSU_DBI
       begin
         sql_type='sqlite'
         dbi=@db.dbi_sqlite
-        @conn=DBI.connect(dbi) 
+        @conn=DBI.connect(dbi)
       rescue
       ensure
       end
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/defaults.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/defaults.rb
index 29027b7b..c81b91d2 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/defaults.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/defaults.rb
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -49,9 +49,9 @@
 $latex_run=nil
 module SiSU_Viz
   require 'uri'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/sysenv'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/sysenv"
   include SiSU_Env
-  require SiSU_lib + '/css'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/css"
   include SiSU_Style
   class Skin
     #attr_accessor :glyph,:html,:php,:javascript,:path,:text,:url,:color,:icon,:font,:markup,:paragraph,:table,:table_do,:indent,:margin,:png,:nav_txt,:nav_png,:banner,:widget
@@ -214,7 +214,7 @@ module SiSU_Viz
       %{<body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#003090" lang="en" xml:lang="en">}
     end
     def color_white
-      '"#ffffff"'      
+      '"#ffffff"'
     end
     def color_black
       '#000000'
@@ -253,7 +253,7 @@ module SiSU_Viz
     #  '#423a27'
     #end
     def color_beige
-      '#f1e8de' 
+      '#f1e8de'
       #'#fff3b6'#custard
     end
     def color_subtleglow
@@ -332,7 +332,7 @@ module SiSU_Viz
       'c0d0f0'
     end
     def color_band1
-      '"#ffffff"'      
+      '"#ffffff"'
     end
     def color_band2
       '"#ffffff"'
@@ -405,7 +405,7 @@ module SiSU_Viz
       'b_new.png'
     end
     def icon_book
-      'b_amber.png' 
+      'b_amber.png'
       # b_book.png
     end
     def icon_dot_clear
@@ -452,16 +452,16 @@ module SiSU_Viz
       @fonts
     end
     def font_face
-      %{face="#{font_fonts}"}  
+      %{face="#{font_fonts}"}
     end
     def font_lmtoc_face
-      %{face="#{font_fonts}"} 
+      %{face="#{font_fonts}"}
     end
     def font_ebook_face
-      %{face="#{font_fonts}"} 
+      %{face="#{font_fonts}"}
     end
     def font_face_lmtoc
-      %{face="#{font_fonts}"} 
+      %{face="#{font_fonts}"}
     end
     def font_color
       'color="#000000"'
@@ -595,7 +595,7 @@ module SiSU_Viz
       '"90%"'
     end
     def table_width_txt
-      '"94%"'  
+      '"94%"'
     end
     def table_width_txt_avgo
       '"100%"'
@@ -717,7 +717,7 @@ module SiSU_Viz
       %{  <link rel="shortcut icon" href="../_sisu/image/#{icon_ico}" />}
     end
     def png_sisu #check url path
-      %{  <a href="#{@url.sisu}"> 
+      %{  <a href="#{@url.sisu}">
     <img border="0" width="160" height="60" src="#{url_path_image}/#{icon_sisu}" alt="SiSU" />
     </a>}
     end
@@ -890,7 +890,7 @@ module SiSU_Viz
     def nav_txt_previous
       '  <font face="" size="2">
     &nbsp;&nbsp;<b>&lt;&lt;</b>&nbsp;Previous&nbsp;&nbsp;
-  </font> 
+  </font>
   Full&nbsp;Text&nbsp;'
     end
     def nav_txt_next
@@ -940,7 +940,7 @@ module SiSU_Viz
       %{  <br />
     <a href="#{url_site}/" target="_top" #{js_home}>
       #{png_doc} LM toc
-    </a> 
+    </a>
     <a href="../treaties.and.organisations/lm.chronological" target="_top" #{js_instruments}>
       #{png_doc} LM 20**
     </a>
@@ -1210,10 +1210,10 @@ WOK
 <tr><td>
   <p class="center">
   <font color="#666666" size="1">
-    &amp; for 
+    &amp; for
     <a href="http://www.adobe.com/products/acrobat/adobepdf.html" target="external">
       pdf
-    </a> 
+    </a>
     viewings of this site we recommend stand alone viewers
     <br />
     (rather than web browser plugins):
@@ -1245,11 +1245,11 @@ WOK
 <td>
   <p class="center"><font color="#666666" size="1">
     <a href="http://www.cs.wisc.edu/~ghost/gv/" target="external">
-    &nbsp;GhostView<sup>&reg;</sup>&nbsp;</a>, 
+    &nbsp;GhostView<sup>&reg;</sup>&nbsp;</a>,
     <a href="http://wwwthep.physik.uni-mainz.de/~plass/gv/" target="external">
       GV<sup>&reg;</sup>
     </a>
-    &amp; 
+    &amp;
     <a href="http://www.cs.wisc.edu/~ghost/gsview/" target="external">
       GSview<sup>&reg;</sup>
     </a>
@@ -1281,7 +1281,7 @@ WOK
 </tr>
 <form action="http://groups-beta.google.com/group/SiSU_e-docs/boxsubscribe">
   <tr><td>
-    Email: 
+    Email:
     <input type=text name=email>
   </td>
   <td>
@@ -1295,7 +1295,7 @@ WOK
 <tr><td colspan=2 align=center>
   <a href="http://groups-beta.google.com/group/SiSU_e-docs">
     Browse Archives
-  </a> at 
+  </a> at
   <a href="http://groups-beta.google.com/">
     groups-beta.google.com</a>
   </td></tr>
@@ -1331,7 +1331,7 @@ WOK
 <tr align="center"><td align="left">
   <p class="left">
   <font color="#666666" size="2">
-    Generated by 
+    Generated by
     <a href="#{url_sisu}" #{js_sisu}>
       SiSU
     </a>
@@ -1357,11 +1357,11 @@ WOK
     SiSU is the result of several years of research and development in electronic
     publishing, commenced in 1993 and under active development since 1997.
   <br />
-    <b>SiSU is released under 
+    <b>SiSU is released under
     <a href="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html">
       GPL 2
-    </a> 
-    or later</b> 
+    </a>
+    or later</b>
     <a href="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html">
       http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html
     </a>
@@ -1394,15 +1394,15 @@ WOK
   <font color="#666666" size="2">
     Developed
   <br />
-    using 
+    using
     <a href="http://www.ruby-lang.org/en/">
       Ruby
     </a>
   <br />
-    on 
+    on
     <a href="http://www.debian.org/">
       Debian/Gnu/Linux
-    </a> 
+    </a>
     software infrastructure,
   <br />
     &amp; with the usual GPL (or OSS) suspects.
@@ -1650,7 +1650,7 @@ outputs include: plaintext, html, XHTML, XML, ODF (OpenDocument), LaTeX, PDF, SQ
 <p class="small">
   <a href="http://www.jus.uio.no/sisu/syntax_highlight" target="_top" >
     Syntax highlighting
-  </a> 
+  </a>
 </p>
 <p class="tiny">
   =============
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/digests.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/digests.rb
index 8aedbc62..8c54649b 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/digests.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/digests.rb
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -49,9 +49,9 @@
                   ralph.amissah@gmail.com
 =end
 module SiSU_Digest_view
-  require SiSU_lib + '/dal'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/sysenv'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/i18n'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/dal"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/sysenv"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/i18n"
   include SiSU_Env
   include SiSU_Param
   include SiSU_Viz
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ module SiSU_Digest_view
                     @img << /\S+\.(png|jpg|gif)/.match(i)[1]
                     not_found_msg='image not found'
                     if image_source
-                      para_image = image_source + '/' + i 
+                      para_image = image_source + '/' + i
                       @image_name << i
                       @image_dgst << if @dg =~/^sha(?:2|256)$/; sys.sha256(para_image)
                       else                                      sys.md5(para_image)
@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@ module SiSU_Digest_view
                   end
                   line= "\n" + '  '*9 + ' - ' + ocn + ' '*(10-ocn.length) + d_clean + ' ' + d_all + "\n"
                   line_image=[]
-                  c=0 
+                  c=0
                   @image_name.each do |ok|
                     line_image << %{                     #{@img[c]}       #{@image_dgst[c][1]}                                  #{@image_name[c]}}
                     c +=1
@@ -297,7 +297,7 @@ module SiSU_Digest_view
         ocn,endnotes=nil,nil
         data.each do |para|
           x=case para
-          when /^0~/; l[0] +=1 
+          when /^0~/; l[0] +=1
             if para =~/^0~title/; '' #'  '*0 +'@ == headers' + "\n" + '  '*0 +'headings:'
             end
           when /^1~/; l[1] +=1
@@ -325,7 +325,7 @@ module SiSU_Digest_view
         dal_structure1("  [*] heading levels\n")
         dal_structure2("------------\n")
         dal_structure2("document structure[*]\n")
-        [0,1,2,3,4,5,6].each do |y| 
+        [0,1,2,3,4,5,6].each do |y|
           v=case y.to_s
           when /0/; '@ '
           when /1/; ':A'
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/docbook.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/docbook.rb
index a58eb17d..e8675f45 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/docbook.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/docbook.rb
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -49,18 +49,18 @@
  * Notes: tidy -xml dom.xml >> index.tidy
 =end
 module SiSU_Docbook
-  require SiSU_lib + '/defaults'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/param'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/defaults"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/param"
   include SiSU_Param
   include SiSU_Viz
-  require SiSU_lib + '/sysenv'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/sysenv"
   include SiSU_Env
-  require SiSU_lib + '/dal'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/shared_xml'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/xml_format'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/dal"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/shared_xml"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/xml_format"
   include SiSU_XML_format
   include SiSU_XML_munge
-  require SiSU_lib + '/rexml'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/rexml"
   include SiSU_Rexml
   @@alt_id_count,@@tablehead,@@number_of_cols=0,0,0
   @@tablefoot=''
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ module SiSU_Docbook
       Contents[3]='sect2'
       @@xml={ :body=>[],:open=>[],:close=>[],:head=>[],:sc=[] }
       @@dp=nil
-      require SiSU_lib + '/shared_txt'
+      require "#{SiSU_lib}/shared_txt"
       include SiSU_text_utils
       def initialize(data='',md='')
         @data,@md=data,md
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ module SiSU_Docbook
       end
     protected
       def xml_markup(para='')
-        para.gsub!(/~\{(\d+)\s+(.+?)\s*<#@dp>\}~/, 
+        para.gsub!(/~\{(\d+)\s+(.+?)\s*<#@dp>\}~/,
           '<footnote><para>\1 \2</para></footnote> ')
       end
       def xml_head(meta)
@@ -192,7 +192,7 @@ WOK
           @copen[2]=true
           @copen[3]=false
         elsif lv == 6
-          @copen[3]=true 
+          @copen[3]=true
         end
       end
       def xml_structure(lv='',ocn='',para='',hname='' )
@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@ WOK
                 @@xml[:body] << "#{@tab*n}</#{Contents[v]}>\n"
               end
               @copen[1]=@copen[2]=@copen[3]=false
-            elsif @copen[1] # 4~ 
+            elsif @copen[1] # 4~
               [1].each do |v|
                 @@xml[:body] << "#{@tab*n}</#{Contents[v]}>\n"
               end
@@ -238,10 +238,10 @@ WOK
             @level[x]=false
           end
         when 4..6
-          6.downto(lv) do |x| 
+          6.downto(lv) do |x|
             y=x - 1
             if @level[x] == true
-              u=x - 3; 
+              u=x - 3;
               @xml_contents_close[x]=''
             end
           end
@@ -270,7 +270,7 @@ WOK
               [2,1].each do |v|
                 @@xml[:body] << "#{@tab*n}</#{Contents[v]}>\n"
               end
-            elsif @copen[1] == true # 4~ 
+            elsif @copen[1] == true # 4~
               [1].each do |v|
                 @@xml[:body] << "#{@tab*n}</#{Contents[v]}>\n"
               end
@@ -296,7 +296,7 @@ WOK
         end
         xml_element(lv,ocn,para,hname,tag,xml_element)
         @level[lv]=true
-        ((lv+1)..6).each { |x| @level[x]=false } 
+        ((lv+1)..6).each { |x| @level[x]=false }
       end
       def group_structure(para='',ocn='')
         para.gsub!(/<:group(?:-end)?>/,'')
@@ -334,15 +334,15 @@ WOK
         xml_sc(@md)
         @rcdc=false
         @level,@cont,@copen,@xml_contents_close=[],[],[],[]
-        (0..6).each { |x| @cont[x]=@level[x]=false } 
-        (4..6).each { |x| @xml_contents_close[x]='' } 
+        (0..6).each { |x| @cont[x]=@level[x]=false }
+        (4..6).each { |x| @xml_contents_close[x]='' }
         data.each do |para|
           wordlist=para.scan(/\S+|\n/) #\n needed for tables, check though added 2005w17
           para=tidywords(wordlist).join(' ').strip
           para.gsub!(/<[-~]#>/,'')
           para.gsub!(/<0;\w\d+;[um]\d+><#@dp:#@dp>/,'')
           para.gsub!(/<:pb>\s*/,'')
-          para.gsub!(/\{(\S+?\.(?:png|jpg|gif)) .+?\}(?:(?:https?|ftp):\/\/\S+|image)/, 
+          para.gsub!(/\{(\S+?\.(?:png|jpg|gif)) .+?\}(?:(?:https?|ftp):\/\/\S+|image)/,
             %{<imagedata fileref="#{dir.url.images_local}\/\\1"/>})
           #para.gsub!(/\{(\S+?\.png) \d+x\d+ \".+?\" \}(?:http:\/\/\S+|image)/,'<image>\1</image>')
           para.gsub!(/&nbsp;/,' ')
@@ -353,7 +353,7 @@ WOK
 	          end
           end
           @rcdc=true if @rcdc ==false and (para =~/^\d~metadata/ or para =~/^1~\s+Document Information/)
-          if para !~/(^0~|<ENDNOTES>|<EOF>)/ 
+          if para !~/(^0~|<ENDNOTES>|<EOF>)/
             if para =~/.+?<~\d+;(?:\w|[0-6]:)\d+;\w\d+><#@dp:#@dp>$/
               paranum=para[@regx, 3]
               @p_num=SiSU_XML_format::Paragraph_number.new(@md,paranum)
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/errors.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/errors.rb
index a6646c8a..12e67b76 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/errors.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/errors.rb
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -47,9 +47,9 @@
                   ralph.amissah@gmail.com
 =end
 module SiSU_Errors
-  require SiSU_lib + '/sysenv'
-  include SiSU_Env 
-  include SiSU_Screen 
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/sysenv"
+  include SiSU_Env
+  include SiSU_Screen
   class Info_error <Create_file
     def initialize(error,errorlist,cmd,fns='')
       @fns,@cmd,@error,@errorlist=fns,cmd,error,errorlist
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ module SiSU_Errors
       file=if @fns; SiSU_Env::Create_file.new(@cmd,@fns).file_error
       else          File.new('/tmp/errorlog.sisu','w+')
       end
-      file << @fns << "\n" << @error << "\n" << @errorlist 
+      file << @fns << "\n" << @error << "\n" << @errorlist
       file.close
       if @cmd=~/[vVM]/; STDERR.puts SiSU_Screen::Ansi.new('',$!,$@).rescue
       else             SiSU_Screen::Ansi.new('',"rescued, exception reaised, silenced").puts_grey
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/help.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/help.rb
index a8f1a5ce..b2b0a3fe 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/help.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/help.rb
@@ -47,8 +47,8 @@
                   ralph.amissah@gmail.com
 =end
 module SiSU_Help
-  require SiSU_lib + '/sysenv'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/param'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/sysenv"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/param"
   include SiSU_Screen
   class Help
     def initialize(request='',color='')
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ module SiSU_Help
           print help_list
           print help_prompt
           gotten=nil
-          gotten=gets 
+          gotten=gets
         end
       rescue
         #STDERR.puts Ansi.new($!, $@).rescue
@@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ Features:
 #{@cX.cyan}(xix)#{@cX.off} tied to revision control system, only code and marked up file need be backed up, to be sure of the much larger document set
 #{@cX.cyan}(xx)#{@cX.off} syntax highlighting files for markup, primarily (g)vim so far.
 
-SiSU was developed in relation to legal documents, and so is strong across a wide variety of texts (law, literature...), though weak on formulae/statistics, it does handle images. An assumption has been document sets that are to be preserved and maintained over time (also a result of the legal text origin). SiSU has been developed and used over a number of years, and the requirements to cover a wide range of documents have been thoroughly explored. 
+SiSU was developed in relation to legal documents, and so is strong across a wide variety of texts (law, literature...), though weak on formulae/statistics, it does handle images. An assumption has been document sets that are to be preserved and maintained over time (also a result of the legal text origin). SiSU has been developed and used over a number of years, and the requirements to cover a wide range of documents have been thoroughly explored.
 
 There is more detailed information available on it from:
   #{@cX.blue}http://www.jus.uio.no/sisu#{@cX.off}
@@ -224,14 +224,14 @@ WOK
     end
     def commands
       print <<WOK
- 
+
  #{@cX.ruby}-A#{@cX.off} #{@cX.green}[filename/wildcard]#{@cX.off} produces  plaintext  with  dos  linefeeds.  Without  markup, (object numbers are omitted), has footnotes at end of each para‐ graph that contains them [ -a for equivalent Unix (ascii) output file] [see -E for endnotes]
 
  #{@cX.ruby}-a#{@cX.off} #{@cX.green}[filename/wildcard]#{@cX.off} produces plaintext  with Unix linefeeds.  Without  markup, (object numbers are omitted), has footnotes at end of each para‐ graph that contains them [ -A for equivalent dos (ascii)  output file] [see -e for endnotes]
 
   #{@cX.ruby}-b#{@cX.off} #{@cX.green}[filename/wildcard]#{@cX.off} produces xhtml/XML output for browser viewing (sax parsing)
 
- #{@cX.ruby}-C#{@cX.off} initialise shared output directory (config files such as css and dtd files are not updated if they  already  exist  unless modifier is used) #{@cX.ruby}-C --init=site#{@cX.off} configure/initialise site more extensive than -C on its own, shared output directory files/force update, existing shared output config files such as css and dtd files  are updated if this modifier is used.  in a new markup document working directory should initialise the corresponding output directory, though SiSU will automatically do this, the first time it is run (for processing) in a given directory.  
+ #{@cX.ruby}-C#{@cX.off} initialise shared output directory (config files such as css and dtd files are not updated if they  already  exist  unless modifier is used) #{@cX.ruby}-C --init=site#{@cX.off} configure/initialise site more extensive than -C on its own, shared output directory files/force update, existing shared output config files such as css and dtd files  are updated if this modifier is used.  in a new markup document working directory should initialise the corresponding output directory, though SiSU will automatically do this, the first time it is run (for processing) in a given directory.
 
  #{@cX.ruby}-c#{@cX.off} #{@cX.green}[filename/wildcard]#{@cX.off} screen toggle ansi screen colour on or off depending on default set (unless -c flag is used: if sisurc colour default is set to ´true´, output to screen will  be  with colour,  if  sisurc  colour default is set to ´false´ or is undefined screen output will be without colour)
 
@@ -240,9 +240,9 @@ WOK
  #{@cX.ruby}-d#{@cX.off} #{@cX.green}[instruction]#{@cX.off} #{@cX.green}[filename]#{@cX.off} database instruction, see database section below [only -D currently available]
 
  #{@cX.ruby}-E#{@cX.off} #{@cX.green}[filename/wildcard]#{@cX.off} produces plaintext with dos linefeeds, and without markup,  endnotes follow the main text (in -a endnotes follow the paragraphs that contain them). There are no object numbers [see -e for Unix (ascii) output file] [see -A for footnotes]
- 
+
  #{@cX.ruby}-e#{@cX.off} #{@cX.green}[filename/wildcard]#{@cX.off} produces plaintext with Unix linefeeds, and without markup, endnotes follow the main text. Object numbers are omitted. [ -E for equivalent dos (ascii) output file] [ -a for footnotes]
- 
+
  #{@cX.ruby}-F#{@cX.off} generate examples of (naive) cgi  search  form  for  sqlite  and  pgsql depends  on  your already having used sisu to populate an sqlite and/or pgsql database, (the sqlite version scans the  output  directories  for existing  sisu_sqlite  databases,  so  it  is first necessary to create them, before generating the search form) see -d  -D  and  the  database section  below.   If  the optional parameter webrick is passed, the cgi examples created will be set up to use the default port set for use  by the  webrick  server,  (otherwise the port is left blank and the system setting used, usually 80). The samples are dumped in the present work directory which must be writable, (with screen instructions given that they be copied to the cgi-bin directory).
 
  #{@cX.ruby}-H#{@cX.off} #{@cX.green}[filename/wildcard]#{@cX.off} produces html (css version) (creates html (using css)), with url link suffixes (.html .pdf etc.) omitted ("Hide"). For web servers that are confireud so as not to require file extensions to locate and serve files. [behaviour switched see -h]
@@ -252,11 +252,11 @@ WOK
  #{@cX.ruby}-I#{@cX.off} #{@cX.green}[filename/wildcard]#{@cX.off} produces texinfo file with its myriad of possibilities
 
  #{@cX.ruby}-L#{@cX.off} prints license information
- 
+
  #{@cX.ruby}-M#{@cX.off} #{@cX.green}[filename/wildcard/url]#{@cX.off} maintenance mode, files created for processing are not deleted, and their locations are indicated (also see -V)
 
  #{@cX.ruby}-m#{@cX.off} #{@cX.green}[filename/wildcard/url]#{@cX.off} create (new)metaVerse (used in all subsequent processing). Produce a meta file, the first step in processing, and the file all subsequent processing utilize.  (Should usually be run together with other commands to ensure that the lated version of markup source document is used, i.e. add -m flag to other flags required).
- 
+
  #{@cX.ruby}-N#{@cX.off} #{@cX.green}[filename/wildcard/url]#{@cX.off} document content certificate as md5 digest tree of document produced  (as digest.txt), the digest for the document, and digests for each object contained within  the  document  (together  with information on software versions that produced it). Try -mNV for verbose digest output to screen
 
  #{@cX.ruby}-n#{@cX.off} #{@cX.green}[filename/wildcard/url]#{@cX.off} skip meta-markup (building of "metaverse"), this skips the equivalent of -m
@@ -270,18 +270,18 @@ WOK
  #{@cX.ruby}-S#{@cX.off} #produces a sisupod, a zipped sisu directory of markup files including sisu markup source files and the directories local configuration file,  images  and skins. Note: this only includes the configuration files or skins contained in ./_sisu not those in ~/.sisu The resulting tar gzip file has a .zip suffix added to the markup source directory name. To tar and gzip individual files see the -Z [filename/wildcard] option.  Note: (this option is tested only with zsh)
 
  #{@cX.ruby}-S#{@cX.off} #{@cX.green}[filename/wildcard]#{@cX.off} produces a sisupod a zipped sisu of the content assocated with the specified sisu markup documnt, i.e. including sisu markup source file, (and associated documents if a master file, or available in multilingual versions), together with related images and skin. The resulting zipped file has a .zip suffix added to the markup source file name by default, though a .ssp suffix is also recognised. The directory structure of the unzipped file is understood by sisu, and sisu commands can be run  within it. SiSU commands can be run against a sisupod contained in a local directory, or provided as a url on a remote site. As there is a security issue with skins provided by other users, they are not applied unless the flag --trust  or --trusted  is  added  to  the  command  instruction,  it  is recommended that file that are not your own are treated as untrusted. This provides a convenient way of packing documents files for sending Note: if you wish to send multiple files, it quickly becomes more space efficient to tar and gzip the sisu markup directory, (without the _sisu_processing subdirectory) rather than the individual files for sending). See the -S option without [filename/wildcard]
- 
+
  #{@cX.ruby}-t#{@cX.off} #{@cX.green}[filename/wildcard (*.termsheet.rb)]#{@cX.off} standard form document builder, preprocessing feature
 
  #{@cX.ruby}-U#{@cX.off} #{@cX.green}[filename/wildcard]#{@cX.off} prints url list/map for the available processing flags options and resulting files that could be requested, (can be used to get a list of processing options in  relation to a file, together with information on the output that would be produced), -u provides url mapping for those flags requested for processing. The default assumes sisu_webrick is running and provides webrick url mappings where appropriate, but these can be switched to file system paths in sisurc.yml
 
  #{@cX.ruby}-u#{@cX.off} #{@cX.green}[filename/wildcard]#{@cX.off} provides url mapping of output files for the flags requested for processing, also see -U
- 
+
  #{@cX.ruby}-V#{@cX.off} #{@cX.green}[filename/wildcard]#{@cX.off} on its own provides SiSU version and environment information (sisu --help env)
 
  #{@cX.ruby}-V#{@cX.off} #{@cX.green}[filename/wildcard]#{@cX.off} even more verbose than -v the -V flag provides some additional information, also see -M
 
- #{@cX.ruby}-v#{@cX.off} on its own, provides SiSU version information.  
+ #{@cX.ruby}-v#{@cX.off} on its own, provides SiSU version information.
 
  #{@cX.ruby}-v#{@cX.off} #{@cX.green}[filename/wildcard]#{@cX.off} provides more verbose output of what is being built, where it is being  built  (and error messages if any), as with -u flag provides a url mapping of files created for each of the processing flag requests
 
@@ -293,8 +293,8 @@ WOK
 
  #{@cX.ruby}-w#{@cX.off} #{@cX.green}[filename/wildcard]#{@cX.off} produces concordance, a rudimentary index of all the words in a document
 
- #{@cX.ruby}-Z#{@cX.off} Zap, if used with other processing flags #{@cX.green}deletes output files#{@cX.off} of the type about to be processed, prior to processing.  If -Z is used as  the lone  processing  related flag (or in conjunction with a combination of -[mMvVq]), will remove the related document output directory.  
- 
+ #{@cX.ruby}-Z#{@cX.off} Zap, if used with other processing flags #{@cX.green}deletes output files#{@cX.off} of the type about to be processed, prior to processing.  If -Z is used as  the lone  processing  related flag (or in conjunction with a combination of -[mMvVq]), will remove the related document output directory.
+
  #{@cX.ruby}-z#{@cX.off} #{@cX.green}[filename/wildcard]#{@cX.off} produces php (zend) [feature disabled, depreciated]
 
  #{@cX.ruby}-0#{@cX.off} [with -h or -H or -p] turn display of text object numbering off (implemented for html (css) and LaTeX/pdf output) [digit not uppercase o]
@@ -312,7 +312,7 @@ WOK
  #{@cX.ruby}-D#{@cX.off} #{@cX.ruby}--remove#{@cX.off} #{@cX.green}[filename/wildcard]#{@cX.off}  removes  specified  data  to postgresql db (rb.dbi) [#{@cX.ruby}-d --remove#{@cX.off} sqlite equivalent]
 
  #{@cX.ruby}-D#{@cX.off} #{@cX.ruby}--dropall#{@cX.off} kills data" and drops (postgresql) db, tables & indexes [#{@cX.ruby}-d --dropall#{@cX.off} sqlite equivalent]
- 
+
  #{@cX.ruby}-D#{@cX.off} #{@cX.ruby}--recreate#{@cX.off} kills data" and drops (postgresql or sqlite) db, tables & indexes, then creates an empty db with tables and indexes [#{@cX.ruby}-d --recreate#{@cX.off} sqlite equivalent]
 
   also see command  #{@cX.green}shortcuts#{@cX.off}, and shorthand mappings for multiple flags
@@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ WOK
       print <<WOK
 
  #{@cX.ruby}Shorthand for multiple flags#{@cX.off}
- 
+
         #{@cX.ruby}--update#{@cX.off}  #{@cX.green}[filename/wildcard]#{@cX.off} Checks  existing file output and runs the flags required to update this output. This means that if only html and pdf output  was  requested  on previous  runs, only the -hp files will be applied, and only these will be generated this time, together with the summary.  This  can  be  very convenient, if you offer different outputs of different files, and just want to do the same again.
 
        #{@cX.ruby}-1#{@cX.off} to #{@cX.ruby}-5#{@cX.off} #{@cX.green}[filename or wildcard]#{@cX.off}
@@ -347,7 +347,7 @@ WOK
       print <<WOK
 
  #{@cX.ruby}Command flag modifiers#{@cX.off}
- 
+
   #{@cX.ruby}--no-ocn#{@cX.off} [with -h -H or -p] switches off object citation numbering. Produce  output without identifying numbers in margins of html or LaTeX/pdf output.
 
   #{@cX.ruby}--no-annotate#{@cX.off} strips output text of editor endnotes~[* square brackets ]~ denoted by asterisk or dagger/plus sign
@@ -363,11 +363,11 @@ WOK
   #{@cX.cyan}misc#{@cX.off}
   #{@cX.green}-s#{@cX.off} [filename or wildcard]          #{@cX.green}spellcheck#{@cX.off} (aspell previously ispell
   \t#{@cX.green}mailer examples#{@cX.off}
-  from vim mail.er10 (not gvim) issue command 
+  from vim mail.er10 (not gvim) issue command
   \t:! ruby -S mailer.rb instruction/landscape|a4l|portrait|a4p/ email@address/alias subject line
   \t:! ruby -S mailer.rb a4l ralph@amissah.com testing continues
   from vim mail.er10 use your vim alias \\mail or \\mutt (modify command line as required)
-  #{@cX.green}feeds rss/rdf#{@cX.off} 
+  #{@cX.green}feeds rss/rdf#{@cX.off}
   #{@cX.blue}-R #{@cX.off} (yaml|rss)  extraction of semantic data into yaml file for auto build of xml feeds (rss, rdf) #{@cX.fuschia}[work area]#{@cX.off}
   #{@cX.green}-R #{@cX.off} yaml  extraction of semantic data into yaml file for auto build of xml feeds (rss, rdf)
   #{@cX.green}-R #{@cX.off} rss   creates rss2.0 feed
@@ -422,13 +422,13 @@ sisu
     #{@cX.green}{#{@cX.off} SiSU Geek Writer #{@cX.green}}#{@cX.off}http://www.jus.uio.no/sisu/                   url example
     #{@cX.green}{#{@cX.off}tux.png 64#{@cX.green}x#{@cX.off}80 "a better way" #{@cX.green}}#{@cX.off}http://www.jus.uio.no/sisu/    image example with all options (width x height)
     Note: png and jpg support only (no gif support)
- 
+
   shortcut - hyper-linked text with endnote providing the url information
     #{@cX.green}{~^#{@cX.off} [text to link] #{@cX.green}}#{@cX.off}http://url.org         maps to   #{@cX.green}{#{@cX.off} [text to link] #{@cX.green}}#{@cX.off}http://url.org #{@cX.green}~{#{@cX.off} http://url.org #{@cX.green}}~#{@cX.off}
      produces hyper-linked text within a document/paragraph, with an endnote providing the url for the text location used in the hyperlink
 
   shortcut:
-    #{@cX.green}{#{@cX.off} [text to link] #{@cX.green}[3sS]}#{@cX.off}markup_source_filename.sst 
+    #{@cX.green}{#{@cX.off} [text to link] #{@cX.green}[3sS]}#{@cX.off}markup_source_filename.sst
     if  a  server host name has been provided/configured, will provide a list of available output types that would be generated using the shortcut command and the markup file provided, i.e. output generated using the command (as configured):
        "sisu -3sS markup_source_filename.sst"
     using server host, directory stub, filename to compose the link.
@@ -445,8 +445,8 @@ sisu
   Note: page breaks are usually introduced to pdfs either as header instructions, indicating that pages should break at given levels
   ------------------------------------------
   #{@cX.cyan}Composite documents#{@cX.off}
-    It is possible to build a document by requiring other documents. The documents required may complete documents that could be generated independently, or they could be markup snippets, prepared so as to be easily available to be placed within another text. If the calling document is a master document (built mainly from other documents), by convention it should be named with the suffix .ssc or .ssm The documents called if complete documents would have the suffix .sst, [.ssf, or .ssd], and if markup snippets .ssi. A temporary file of the composite document is built prior to processing with the same prefix and the suffix ._sst There are a number of alternative syntaxes for requiring external documents in order to permit use of ascii hypertext linking available in the vim editor. They are as follows (place at start of line):  
- 
+    It is possible to build a document by requiring other documents. The documents required may complete documents that could be generated independently, or they could be markup snippets, prepared so as to be easily available to be placed within another text. If the calling document is a master document (built mainly from other documents), by convention it should be named with the suffix .ssc or .ssm The documents called if complete documents would have the suffix .sst, [.ssf, or .ssd], and if markup snippets .ssi. A temporary file of the composite document is built prior to processing with the same prefix and the suffix ._sst There are a number of alternative syntaxes for requiring external documents in order to permit use of ascii hypertext linking available in the vim editor. They are as follows (place at start of line):
+
     #{@cX.cyan}#basic sisu markup alternatives#{@cX.off}
       #{@cX.green}{#{@cX.off}filename.si#{@cX.green}}require#{@cX.off}
       #{@cX.green}<< {#{@cX.off}filename.si#{@cX.green}}#{@cX.off}
@@ -467,10 +467,10 @@ sisu
 
   ------------------------------------------
   #{@cX.green}%#{@cX.off}#{@cX.off}       add a comment to text, that will be removed prior to processing (place marker at beginning of line)
-  #{@cX.green}\\#{@cX.off}#{@cX.off}       escape a sepcial character, whether general: { } < > or contextual special characters, (in combination with  other  characters) ~  - _ / % ^ and occasionally ! # + , 
+  #{@cX.green}\\#{@cX.off}#{@cX.off}       escape a sepcial character, whether general: { } < > or contextual special characters, (in combination with  other  characters) ~  - _ / % ^ and occasionally ! # + ,
   #{@cX.green}%%#{@cX.off}#{@cX.off}      same as above but recognised by vim folds for placing fold in document text, in addition to headers and headings
   ------------------------------------------
-  
+
   #{@cX.ruby}More HELP on Markup#{@cX.off} markup help is available on:
     document wide instructions: headers (document structure)
     general text markup: headings; endnotes; tables (which also includes a note on preformatted text)
@@ -494,9 +494,9 @@ WOK
 
 0~creator Ralph Amissah
 
-0~date 
+0~date
 
-0~markup num_top=4 
+0~markup num_top=4
 
 0~bold [regular expression of words/phrases to be made bold]
 
@@ -505,9 +505,9 @@ WOK
 0~links { SiSU }http://www.jus.uio.no/sisu { FSF }http://www.fsf.org
 
 1~ A Sample Document
-  
-2~ just for fun 
-    
+
+2~ just for fun
+
 4~ This is Chapter One or Article One
 
 Ordinary Text follows here. The Title would be a Chapter or Article depending on the type of document you were working to produce.
@@ -516,13 +516,13 @@ Ordinary Text follows here. The Title would be a Chapter or Article depending on
 
 And so on.
 
-Assuming sisu is configured properly so it has been instructed where to put the work files and ouput files, you would generate this text once saved, with the suffix .sst if saved as example.sst, by typing sisu -mhwxp example.sst while in the directory in which the file is saved. 
+Assuming sisu is configured properly so it has been instructed where to put the work files and ouput files, you would generate this text once saved, with the suffix .sst if saved as example.sst, by typing sisu -mhwxp example.sst while in the directory in which the file is saved.
 
 _1 -m initial processing, -h html (css based), -w concordance for html, -x xml, -p pdf output, generated via latex, there are of course additional options
 
 _1 for a listing type: sisu ~ commands
 
-_1 for an outline of sisu markup type: sisu ~ markup 
+_1 for an outline of sisu markup type: sisu ~ markup
 
 The example ends here.
 WOK
@@ -538,9 +538,9 @@ WOK
 
 @creator: Ralph Amissah
 
-@date: 
+@date:
 
-@markup: num_top=4 
+@markup: num_top=4
 
 @bold: [regular expression of words/phrases to be made bold]
 
@@ -549,9 +549,9 @@ WOK
 @links: { SiSU }http://www.jus.uio.no/sisu { FSF }http://www.fsf.org
 
 :A~ A Sample Document
-  
-:B~ just for fun 
-    
+
+:B~ just for fun
+
 1~ This is Chapter One or Article One
 
 Ordinary Text follows here. The Title would be a Chapter or Article depending on the type of document you were working to produce.
@@ -560,13 +560,13 @@ Ordinary Text follows here. The Title would be a Chapter or Article depending on
 
 And so on.
 
-Assuming sisu is configured properly so it has been instructed where to put the work files and ouput files, you would generate this text once saved, with the suffix .sst if saved as example.sst, by typing sisu -mhwxp example.sst while in the directory in which the file is saved. 
+Assuming sisu is configured properly so it has been instructed where to put the work files and ouput files, you would generate this text once saved, with the suffix .sst if saved as example.sst, by typing sisu -mhwxp example.sst while in the directory in which the file is saved.
 
 _1 -m initial processing, -h html (css based), -w concordance for html, -x xml, -p pdf output, generated via latex, there are of course additional options
 
 _1 for a listing type: sisu ~ commands
 
-_1 for an outline of sisu markup type: sisu ~ markup 
+_1 for an outline of sisu markup type: sisu ~ markup
 
 The example ends here.
 WOK
@@ -591,11 +591,11 @@ This is a sample header (#{@cX.fuschia}Dublin Core in fuschia,#{@cX.off} #{@cX.c
 
 #{@cX.fuschia}@subject:#{@cX.off} (whatever your subject)
 
-#{@cX.fuschia}@description:#{@cX.off} 
+#{@cX.fuschia}@description:#{@cX.off}
 
-#{@cX.fuschia}@publisher:#{@cX.off} 
+#{@cX.fuschia}@publisher:#{@cX.off}
 
-#{@cX.fuschia}@contributor:#{@cX.off} 
+#{@cX.fuschia}@contributor:#{@cX.off}
 
 #{@cX.fuschia}@translator:#{@cX.off} [or ~translated_by]
 
@@ -650,13 +650,13 @@ This is a sample header (#{@cX.fuschia}Dublin Core in fuschia,#{@cX.off} #{@cX.c
  structure can be defined by a match words or regular expression (the regular expression is assumed to start at the beginning of a line of text i.e. ^)
  can be used within text instead, without this header tag, and may be used to suppliment the instructions provided in this header tag if provided
 
-#{@cX.ruby}@level:#{@cX.off} newpage=3; breakpage=4 [paragraph level, used by latex to breakpages, the page is optional eg. in newpage] 
+#{@cX.ruby}@level:#{@cX.off} newpage=3; breakpage=4 [paragraph level, used by latex to breakpages, the page is optional eg. in newpage]
 
 #{@cX.ruby}@markup:#{@cX.off} num_top=4 [various markup instructions, eg: num_top=4 headings tobe numbered, starting at heading level 4... the default is to provide 3 levels, as in 1 level 4, 1.1 level 5, 1.1.1 level 6, markup to be merged within level]
 
-#{@cX.ruby}@bold:#{@cX.off} [list of words to make bold with semi colon separator] 
+#{@cX.ruby}@bold:#{@cX.off} [list of words to make bold with semi colon separator]
 
-#{@cX.ruby}@italics:#{@cX.off} [list of words to italize with semi colon separator] 
+#{@cX.ruby}@italics:#{@cX.off} [list of words to italize with semi colon separator]
 
 #{@cX.ruby}@vocabulary:#{@cX.off} name of taxonomy/vocabulary/wordlist to use against document
 
@@ -704,11 +704,11 @@ This is a sample header (#{@cX.fuschia}Dublin Core in fuschia,#{@cX.off} #{@cX.c
 
 #{@cX.green}0~#{@cX.off}#{@cX.fuschia}subject#{@cX.off} (whatever your subject)
 
-#{@cX.green}0~#{@cX.off}#{@cX.fuschia}description#{@cX.off} 
+#{@cX.green}0~#{@cX.off}#{@cX.fuschia}description#{@cX.off}
 
-#{@cX.green}0~#{@cX.off}#{@cX.fuschia}publisher#{@cX.off} 
+#{@cX.green}0~#{@cX.off}#{@cX.fuschia}publisher#{@cX.off}
 
-#{@cX.green}0~#{@cX.off}#{@cX.fuschia}contributor#{@cX.off} 
+#{@cX.green}0~#{@cX.off}#{@cX.fuschia}contributor#{@cX.off}
 
 #{@cX.green}0~#{@cX.off}#{@cX.fuschia}translator#{@cX.off} [or ~translated_by]
 
@@ -761,13 +761,13 @@ This is a sample header (#{@cX.fuschia}Dublin Core in fuschia,#{@cX.off} #{@cX.c
 optional, where document structure can be defined by a match words or regular expression (the regular expression is assumed to start at the beginning of a line of text i.e. ^)
 default markers 1~ to 6~ can be used within text instead, without this header tag, and may be used to suppliment the instructions provided in this header tag if provided
 
-#{@cX.green}0~#{@cX.off}#{@cX.ruby}level#{@cX.off} newpage=3; breakpage=4 [paragraph level, used by latex to breakpages, the page is optional eg. in newpage] 
+#{@cX.green}0~#{@cX.off}#{@cX.ruby}level#{@cX.off} newpage=3; breakpage=4 [paragraph level, used by latex to breakpages, the page is optional eg. in newpage]
 
 #{@cX.green}0~#{@cX.off}#{@cX.ruby}markup#{@cX.off} num_top=4 [various markup instructions, eg: num_top=4 headings tobe numbered, starting at heading level 4... the default is to provide 3 levels, as in 1 level 4, 1.1 level 5, 1.1.1 level 6, markup to be merged within level]
 
-#{@cX.green}0~#{@cX.off}#{@cX.ruby}bold#{@cX.off} [list of words to make bold with semi colon separator] 
+#{@cX.green}0~#{@cX.off}#{@cX.ruby}bold#{@cX.off} [list of words to make bold with semi colon separator]
 
-#{@cX.green}0~#{@cX.off}#{@cX.ruby}italics#{@cX.off} [list of words to italize with semi colon separator] 
+#{@cX.green}0~#{@cX.off}#{@cX.ruby}italics#{@cX.off} [list of words to italize with semi colon separator]
 
 #{@cX.green}0~#{@cX.off}#{@cX.ruby}vocabulary#{@cX.off} name of taxonomy/vocabulary/wordlist to use against document
 
@@ -802,11 +802,11 @@ WOK
 
         skins are placed in a configuration directory beneath the markup directory ./_sisu/skin/doc or in ~/.sisu/skin/doc
         if a skin is also to be used for a directory or site wide presentations, rather than being called for a single document then a softlink is placed from ~/.sisu/skin/dir or ~/.sisu/skin/site respectively to the relevant skin within ~/.sisu/skin/doc
-        
+
         rules for skin loading are in #{@cX.green}sysenv.rb#{@cX.off}
         the skin loading heuristics / hierarchy is currently as follows:
 
-          a. if there is a skin requested within a document, thent that skin is used 
+          a. if there is a skin requested within a document, thent that skin is used
             0~skin skin_lm (would load skin ~/.sisu/skin/doc/skin_lm.rb)
 
           b. use it if there is a "dir" skin with the same name as the source directory "stub" i.e.
@@ -816,9 +816,9 @@ WOK
           x. [additionally though discouraged a special rule can be set up in sysenv  AddSkin.select (which could override b if desired)]
 
         #{@cX.green}skin_site_#{@cX.off}#{@cX.cyan}[name of site skin in use]#{@cX.off}#{@cX.green}.rb#{@cX.off}  this file is called by skin.rb
-          if there are several such files, site appearance may be changed by 
+          if there are several such files, site appearance may be changed by
           requesting the skin_site desired from skin.rb
-    and 
+    and
 
     #{@cX.blue}(ii)#{@cX.off} presentation maintenance:
           if you have a body of documents the easiest way to give them a particular appearance/skin, is to associate that directory with a skin, all files in that directory take on the specified appearance, changing appearance of documents once directories are set up is as simple as copying the files from one directory to another (or renaming the directory); or associating the directory with a different skin.
@@ -842,7 +842,7 @@ WOK
 
 If you have problems check permissions (and if in home directory ownership).
 
-#{@cX.green}directory paths as currently set#{@cX.off}:      
+#{@cX.green}directory paths as currently set#{@cX.off}:
   output docs:                 #{@cX.blue}#{@env.path.webserv}#{@cX.off}
   cgi scripts:                 #{@cX.blue}#{@env.path.cgi}#{@cX.off}
   processing:                  #{@cX.blue}#{@env.path.processing}#{@cX.off}
@@ -861,7 +861,7 @@ If you have problems check permissions (and if in home directory ownership).
    under the home directory ~/.sisu:             #{@cX.blue}#{@env.path.home}/.sisu/sisurc.yml#{@cX.off}
    in the "/etc" directory:                      #{@cX.blue}#{@env.path.etc}/sisurc.yml#{@cX.off}
    default file paths are set by the program SiSU
-  
+
  #{@cX.green}skins#{@cX.off} for document appearances on a site, directory or per document basis are located in subdirectories #{@cX.blue}doc/#{@cX.off}  #{@cX.blue}dir/#{@cX.off} and #{@cX.blue}site/#{@cX.off} within:
    #{@cX.blue}#{Dir.pwd}/_sisu/skin#{@cX.off}
    #{@cX.blue}#{@env.path.home}/.sisu/skin#{@cX.off}
@@ -874,7 +874,7 @@ If you have problems check permissions (and if in home directory ownership).
         the output files will be placed in a sub-directory named after the processed text within #{@cX.blue}#{@env.path.webserv}/ebook#{@cX.off}
    ( Within this major sub-directory, a sub-directory is made with the name of each document processed, into which output files - html, pdf, xml, plaintext etc. are placed (texinfo being an exception at present) )
 
-    #{@cX.green}sisu -C#{@cX.off} [#{@cX.green}--init=site#{@cX.off}] configure/initialise shared output directory files initialize shared output directory (config files such as css and dtd files are not updated if they already exist unless modifier is used).  -C --init=site configure/initialise site more extensive than -C on its own, shared output directory files/force update, existing shared output config files such as css and dtd files  are updated if this modifier is used.  in a new markup document working directory should initialise the corresponding output directory, though SiSU will automatically do this, the first time it is run (for processing) in a given directory.  
+    #{@cX.green}sisu -C#{@cX.off} [#{@cX.green}--init=site#{@cX.off}] configure/initialise shared output directory files initialize shared output directory (config files such as css and dtd files are not updated if they already exist unless modifier is used).  -C --init=site configure/initialise site more extensive than -C on its own, shared output directory files/force update, existing shared output config files such as css and dtd files  are updated if this modifier is used.  in a new markup document working directory should initialise the corresponding output directory, though SiSU will automatically do this, the first time it is run (for processing) in a given directory.
 
    There are additional details, ... this should get you started.
 
@@ -893,18 +893,18 @@ WOK
 
     (a) #{@cX.green}data directories#{@cX.off}
       the directories in which you place the SiSU marked-up data files that are to be processed
-      there may be as many directories and files as you choose to have, 
+      there may be as many directories and files as you choose to have,
       you are currently in:                                    #{@cX.blue}#{Dir.pwd}#{@cX.off}
 
-    (b) #{@cX.green}output directory#{@cX.off}     
-      by default files in the data directory are output to 
+    (b) #{@cX.green}output directory#{@cX.off}
+      by default files in the data directory are output to
       a sub-directory within the output directory (usually the web document directory), or to an sql database
       of the same name as the stub or last portion of the data directory name
-      by way of example 
+      by way of example
       you are currently in:                                    #{@cX.blue}#{Dir.pwd}#{@cX.off}
       the document output directory is set to:                 #{@cX.blue}#{@env.path.webserv}#{@cX.off}
       documents from your current directory will be placed in: #{@cX.blue}#{@env.path.output}#{@cX.off}
-    
+
       the final output is placed in subdirectories either as configured by default in the program or as modified by SiSU configuration files
       subdirectories are created within the main output directory, based on the name of the data directory
       subsubdirectories are created the sub-directory contained in the main output directory based on the name of the file
@@ -918,10 +918,10 @@ WOK
         a document in the current directory  #{@cX.blue}#{Dir.pwd}#{@cX.off}
             will have its output placed in:  #{@cX.blue}#{@env.path.output}/#@output_stub#{@cX.off}
 
-      NB: the verbose flag v included in the generate command string, should 
+      NB: the verbose flag v included in the generate command string, should
       result in a list of output filenames together with their paths.
-      The flag U on its own (e.g. sisu -U gpl2.fsf.sst) should provide a list 
-      of output files that could be generated together with their paths. 
+      The flag U on its own (e.g. sisu -U gpl2.fsf.sst) should provide a list
+      of output files that could be generated together with their paths.
 
     (c) #{@cX.green}configuration files#{@cX.off}
        SiSU program defaults are set within the program, and may be adjusted in the yml file #{@cX.blue}sisurc.yml#{@cX.off} which is searched for in the following paths, which are prioritized as listed (the first one found is loaded):
@@ -930,7 +930,7 @@ WOK
        under the home directory ~/.sisu:             #{@cX.blue}#{@env.path.home}/.sisu/sisurc.yml#{@cX.off}
        in the "/etc" directory:                      #{@cX.blue}#{@env.path.etc}/sisurc.yml#{@cX.off}
 
-    (d) #{@cX.green}processing directories#{@cX.off}     sisu creates a number of processing directories, 
+    (d) #{@cX.green}processing directories#{@cX.off}     sisu creates a number of processing directories,
       where these should be located can be modified in #{@cX.green}~/.sisu/sisurc.yml#{@cX.off}
       work directories include the following:
           root working directory                               #{@cX.blue}#{@env.path.processing}#{@cX.off}
@@ -942,26 +942,26 @@ WOK
       These files are usually used only for processing and removed. There is a maintenance flag to keep them.
 
     (e) #{@cX.green}images#{@cX.off}
-      there are a number of categories of images, 
+      there are a number of categories of images,
       NB the document markup directory is initialised by issuing the command
         sisu -C --init=site
-      this creates the output sub-directory, and makes necessary image links, and 
+      this creates the output sub-directory, and makes necessary image links, and
       copies images specific to the markup directory if there are any.
-      
-      general images for the sisu program that come with the package, 
+
+      general images for the sisu program that come with the package,
       that are the defaults used by sisu, these are installed with the program
 
-      images that the author wishes to include within documents, 
-      these should be placed in a sub-directory 
+      images that the author wishes to include within documents,
+      these should be placed in a sub-directory
       within the current document markup directory called #{@cX.green}_sisu/sisu/image_local#{@cX.off}
 
       if an instruction is given to process a remote document which contains
       downloadable images, they are included in a sub-directory of the current
       markup directory #{@cX.green}_sisu/sisu/image_external#{@cX.off} that is created
       if necessary for the purpose.
-    
+
       finally skins may specify/indicate other image directories. see sisu --help skin
-      any site images required by the skin instruction must be copied in to the 
+      any site images required by the skin instruction must be copied in to the
       site image directory (it may be necessary to do manual configuration depending
       on what you are trying to achieve).
 
@@ -975,7 +975,7 @@ WOK
       help_env
     end
     def program_found?(program)
-      rc=if SiSU_Env::Info_settings.new.program?(program) 
+      rc=if SiSU_Env::Info_settings.new.program?(program)
         "rc: #{SiSU_Env::Info_settings.new.program?(program)}  "
       else ''
       end
@@ -1027,13 +1027,13 @@ WOK
   odf viewer:                                    #{@cX.blue}#{@env.program.odf_viewer}#{@cX.off}
                                                   (default selections can be changed in sisurc.yml under program_select:)
   #{@cX.green}programs used if available#{@cX.off}
-  word count:                                    #{@cX.blue}#{@env.program.wc}#{@cX.off}  #{program_found?(@env.program.wc)}  
-  imagemagick/rmagick:                           #{program_found?('rmagick')} 
-  tidy:                                          #{@cX.blue}#{@env.program.tidy}#{@cX.off}  #{program_found?(@env.program.tidy)}  
-  rexml:                                         #{@cX.blue}#{@env.program.rexml}#{@cX.off}  #{program_found?(@env.program.rexml)}  
-  latex to pdf:                                  #{@cX.blue}#{@env.program.pdflatex}#{@cX.off}  #{program_found?(@env.program.pdflatex)}  
-  postgresql:                                    #{@cX.blue}#{@env.program.postgresql}#{@cX.off}  #{program_found?(@env.program.postgresql)}  
-  sqlite:                                        #{@cX.blue}#{@env.program.sqlite}#{@cX.off}  #{program_found?(@env.program.sqlite)}  
+  word count:                                    #{@cX.blue}#{@env.program.wc}#{@cX.off}  #{program_found?(@env.program.wc)}
+  imagemagick/rmagick:                           #{program_found?('rmagick')}
+  tidy:                                          #{@cX.blue}#{@env.program.tidy}#{@cX.off}  #{program_found?(@env.program.tidy)}
+  rexml:                                         #{@cX.blue}#{@env.program.rexml}#{@cX.off}  #{program_found?(@env.program.rexml)}
+  latex to pdf:                                  #{@cX.blue}#{@env.program.pdflatex}#{@cX.off}  #{program_found?(@env.program.pdflatex)}
+  postgresql:                                    #{@cX.blue}#{@env.program.postgresql}#{@cX.off}  #{program_found?(@env.program.postgresql)}
+  sqlite:                                        #{@cX.blue}#{@env.program.sqlite}#{@cX.off}  #{program_found?(@env.program.sqlite)}
                                                   (these can be turned off if unavailable in sisurc.yaml under program_set:)
   #{@cX.green}processing shortcut defaults set to:#{@cX.off}
   color defaut set (on==true)                    #{@cX.blue}#{cf_defaults.color}#{@cX.off}
@@ -1046,7 +1046,7 @@ WOK
                                                   (defaults may be changed in active sisurc.yml file under flag:)
   #{@cX.green}special powers, risky operations set:#{@cX.off}
   zap (delete output directories)                #{@cX.blue}#{SiSU_Env::Info_settings.new.permission?('zap')}#{@cX.off}
-  css copy (copy over css files)                 #{@cX.blue}#{SiSU_Env::Info_settings.new.permission?('css_modify')}#{@cX.off} 
+  css copy (copy over css files)                 #{@cX.blue}#{SiSU_Env::Info_settings.new.permission?('css_modify')}#{@cX.off}
                                                   (true/false defaults may be changed in active sisurc.yml file under permissions_set:)
 WOK
 print x
@@ -1055,7 +1055,7 @@ print x
     print <<WOK
 @title:
 
-@subtitle: [is added to title for purposes of Dublin Core description] 
+@subtitle: [is added to title for purposes of Dublin Core description]
 
 @creator:
 
@@ -1110,9 +1110,9 @@ Heading tags take either of the forms above, ranging from 1-6
 They appear at the beginning of the line on which a heading appears,
 the number indicates the level of the heading with level 1 being a title,
 
-segments (in html output) are by default created on level 4 
-(segmented text is split/segmented on level 4, and 
-assigned a file name automatically according to the title number, 
+segments (in html output) are by default created on level 4
+(segmented text is split/segmented on level 4, and
+assigned a file name automatically according to the title number,
 unless you explicitly specify otherwise)
 
 eg.
@@ -1129,7 +1129,7 @@ eg.
 
 5~ Heading
 
-6~ sub-heading 
+6~ sub-heading
 
 in the 0.38 notation this maps to:
 
@@ -1145,20 +1145,20 @@ in the 0.38 notation this maps to:
 
 2~ Heading
 
-3~ sub-heading 
+3~ sub-heading
 
 (a conversion script provided in sisu-examples, modify.rb makes conversion between 0.37 and 0.38 markup simple)
 
 Normal text would follow each heading level as appropriate, though it is most usual to start with ordinary writing beneath level 4 as it is at this level that segments are created.
 
-Automatic numbering of paragraphs is usually set to start at level 4 trough level 6 and takes the form 1. then 1.1 then 1.1.1 this being given as a Header tag 0~ There may be up to 6 levels in a document, 
+Automatic numbering of paragraphs is usually set to start at level 4 trough level 6 and takes the form 1. then 1.1 then 1.1.1 this being given as a Header tag 0~ There may be up to 6 levels in a document,
 
-If auto-numbering is on, then for html output the segments created  (on level 4 headings) are automatically assigned the name of the title number. 
+If auto-numbering is on, then for html output the segments created  (on level 4 headings) are automatically assigned the name of the title number.
 However, you may indicate an alternative set of key/title words, with one of the following instructions:
 4~filename This is a Section or Subject Heading
 
-If there is a strictly discernable word appearing at the beginning of the line in a document that identifies the level, 
-the words can be used to identify the levels in a header tag: 
+If there is a strictly discernable word appearing at the beginning of the line in a document that identifies the level,
+the words can be used to identify the levels in a header tag:
 0~toc Part; Chapter; Section; Article; none; none
 instead of providing individual heading tags
 
@@ -1187,15 +1187,15 @@ WOK
     puts <<WOK
 
     Multi-language Document File Naming and Directory Mapping
-    
+
     If the same document exists in different language versions, and it is desired that the published language versions should reside in the same output directory, the following filenaming convention should be observed, using Spannish as the sample language code (es) [it is very likley the use of country codes as language codes will be changed or extended in future] [filename]~[language code].sst
 
   filename~es.sst
 
-  within sisurc.yml under the heading 
+  within sisurc.yml under the heading
     default:
       language file: [at 1, 2 or 3]
-      
+
   determines the output filenaming convention used, as follows:
 
     (1) [output directory path]/filename/es.index.html
@@ -1295,11 +1295,11 @@ WOK
       print <<WOK
 
       #{@cX.ruby}DATED NOT CURRENT - IGNORE#{@cX.off}
-    
+
     This file is to contain some information the different programs that form sisu:
 
       their inter-relationship (for which see sisu-chart.pdf)
-    
+
     and
 
       what they do
@@ -1309,13 +1309,13 @@ WOK
       ~/.sisu\tconfiguration directory, contains sisu configuration, and skins for alternative appearances
       param\tgathers parameters from the sourcefile, when called by metaverse parameters are saved to pstore file
       sysenv\tgets system information, and builds directory structure
-      
+
       init\tintialised defaults for appearance
       skin\tsite wide skin
       format\tformatting instructions assosciated with and used by calling module
-      
+
       metaverse\tinitial processing stage, preliminary file on which subsequent processing is done is created [-m]
-      
+
       plaintext\tplaintext creating module [-a]
       html\thtml creating modules [-h]
       texpdf\tlatex and pdf creating modules [-p]
@@ -1335,7 +1335,7 @@ WOK
                                                                  #% system configuration
       print <<WOK
   #{@cX.green}Install SiSU#{@cX.off}
-  
+
   SiSU does require setup, the file sisu is placed in the equivalent of #{@cX.blue}/usr/bin#{@cX.off} or #{@cX.blue}/usr/local/bin#{@cX.off} and the REWRITE files where ruby libraries are kept, on my debian system #{@cX.blue}/usr/local/lib/site_ruby/1.8#{@cX.off}
 
   For information on download and installation, see #{@cX.blue}http://www.jus.uio.no/sisu/sisu_download/download#{@cX.off} or #{@cX.blue}http://www.jus.uio.no/sisu/SiSU/download#{@cX.off}
@@ -1345,7 +1345,7 @@ WOK
   Host
     host:             #{@cX.blue}#{@env.hostname}#{@cX.off}
     arch:             #{@cX.blue}#{@env.arch}#{@cX.off}
-   
+
   Directories for installation
     bin:                                          #{@cX.blue}[FIX]#{@cX.off}
     lib (site-ruby):                              #{@cX.blue}#{Config::CONFIG['sitelibdir']}/#{SiSU_lib}#{@cX.off}
@@ -1372,7 +1372,7 @@ WOK
   Again, refer to '#{@cX.blue}man 8 sisu#{@cX.off}'
 
   For additional help on using SiSU once installed type:
-    
+
     sisu --help
 
 WOK
@@ -1382,7 +1382,7 @@ WOK
 
       [provide some setup information]
 
-      also see http://www.jus.uio.no/sisu/SiSU  
+      also see http://www.jus.uio.no/sisu/SiSU
 
 WOK
     end
@@ -1395,20 +1395,20 @@ WOK
   #{@cX.green}termsheet.rb#{@cX.off} files:
   (i) are named after the facility
   (ii) contain instructions as to which standard forms to use for the agreement (standard_form.rb)
-     there may be several, eg. the termsheet, and the resulting: 
+     there may be several, eg. the termsheet, and the resulting:
      main agreement; collection account charge; and deed of assignment
-  (iii) contain the variable terms of the agreement, borrower, interest etc. 
+  (iii) contain the variable terms of the agreement, borrower, interest etc.
 
-  for a new loan agreement fill out a new termsheet specifying 
-  what standard forms are to be used, 
+  for a new loan agreement fill out a new termsheet specifying
+  what standard forms are to be used,
   and the terms of the agreement.
 
   #{@cX.green}standard_form.rb#{@cX.off} files:
   contain the standard terms of the agreement
-  there is a standard form for each variation of agreement 
+  there is a standard form for each variation of agreement
     (so eg. there are as many facility agreements as there are variations in standard facility)
   these may be prepared for any agreement that is to be reused.
-  (preparation takes the form of formating and 
+  (preparation takes the form of formating and
   placing variable holders for the variables that are to be provided by the termsheet.rb file)
 
   it is necessary to purge the directory ~facilityData when old files are removed
@@ -1417,7 +1417,7 @@ WOK
     end
     def help_commands
       print <<WOK
-    
+
     also see:
       sisu --help commands
       man sisu
@@ -1425,7 +1425,7 @@ WOK
     end
     def help_env
       print <<WOK
-    
+
     for sisu environment information see:
       sisu --help env
 WOK
@@ -1458,7 +1458,7 @@ WOK
       end
     def convert
       print <<WOK
-    
+
       for information on the markup version used within a sisu markup file:
         sisu --inspect [filename]
 
@@ -1469,7 +1469,7 @@ WOK
 
       convert an sst file with footnotes following text to (preferred) inline footnotes
         sisu --convert-footnotes  [filename/wildcard]
-        
+
       to convert from sst to simple xml representations (sax, dom and node):
         sisu --to-sax [filename/wildcard]
         sisu --to-sxs [filename/wildcard]
@@ -1491,50 +1491,50 @@ WOK
     end
     def dal
       print <<WOK
-    
+
     sisu -m [filename/wildcard]    creates the metaverse, used by all other modules for downstream processing
 WOK
       help_commands
     end
     def utf8
       print <<WOK
-      
+
       documents prepared for sisu processing should be stored in utf8
 WOK
     end
     def plaintext
       print <<WOK
-    
+
     sisu -A [filename/wildcard]    plaintext with dos linefeeds (footnotes follow paragraphs)
     sisu -a [filename/wildcard]    plaintext with Unix linefeeds (footnotes follow paragraphs)
-    
+
     sisu -E [filename/wildcard]    plaintext with dos linefeeds (endnotes follow document)
     sisu -e [filename/wildcard]    plaintext with Unix linefeeds (endnotes follow document)
 
-    sisu -ho [filename/wildcard]   exclude ocn, object numbers 
+    sisu -ho [filename/wildcard]   exclude ocn, object numbers
 WOK
       help_commands
     end
     def html
       print <<WOK
-    
+
     sisu -h [filename/wildcard]    html document type suffixes included
     sisu -H [filename/wildcard]    html without document type suffixes
 
-    sisu -ho [filename/wildcard]   exclude ocn, object numbers 
+    sisu -ho [filename/wildcard]   exclude ocn, object numbers
 WOK
       help_commands
     end
     def xhtml
       print <<WOK
-    
+
     sisu -b [filename/wildcard]    xhtml document
 WOK
       help_commands
     end
     def xml
       print <<WOK
-    
+
     sisu -x [filename/wildcard]    xml document (sax type parsing)
     sisu -X [filename/wildcard]    xml document (dom type parsing)
 
@@ -1544,14 +1544,14 @@ WOK
     end
     def odf
       print <<WOK
-    
+
     sisu -o [filename/wildcard]    odt document, (odf open document format)
 WOK
       help_commands
     end
     def php
       print <<WOK
-    
+
     not supported
     [php output has been removed]
 WOK
@@ -1559,14 +1559,14 @@ WOK
     end
     def pdf
       print <<WOK
-    
+
     sisu -p [filename/wildcard]     produces pdf files from LaTeX output
 WOK
       help_commands
     end
     def latex
       print <<WOK
-    
+
     sisu -p [filename/wildcard]     produces pdf files from LaTeX output
 WOK
       help_commands
@@ -1583,14 +1583,14 @@ WOK
     pinfo, requires you to be within the work/output directory
       cd [work/output directory]
 
-    and then to point at the file using 
+    and then to point at the file using
       pinfo ./[filename]
 WOK
       help_commands
     end
     def lout
       print <<WOK
-    
+
     sisu -l [filename/wildcard]
 
     not currently supported, revisit someday?
@@ -1599,7 +1599,7 @@ WOK
     end
     def concordance
       print <<WOK
-    
+
     sisu -W        starts the sisu webrick server, default port 8081
 WOK
       help_commands
@@ -1607,7 +1607,7 @@ WOK
     def help_search
       print <<WOK
 
-      SiSU searches, 
+      SiSU searches,
       depending on how you wish to implement search,
       the following may bre of interest:
         sisu --help sql
@@ -1624,7 +1624,7 @@ WOK
       sisu -F --webserv=webrick  generates a sample search form for use with the webrick server
       sisu -Fv               as above, and provides some information on setting up hyperestraier
       sisu -W                starts the webrick server
-      
+
       the generated search form must be copied to the webserver directory as instructed
 WOK
       help_search
@@ -1632,9 +1632,9 @@ WOK
     end
     def sql
       print <<WOK
-    
+
     Mappings to two databases are provided by default,
-    postgresql and sqlite, 
+    postgresql and sqlite,
     the same commands are used within sisu to construct and populate databases
     however -d (lowercase) denotes sqlite and -D (uppercase) denotes postgresql
     the examples here will used -d (lowercase)
@@ -1670,7 +1670,7 @@ WOK
     end
     def webrick
       print <<WOK
-    
+
     sisu -W        starts the sisu webrick server, default port 8081
 WOK
       help_commands
@@ -1678,7 +1678,7 @@ WOK
     def hyperestraier
       out_dir='(' + `ls #{@env.path.webserv}`.split("\n").join('|') + ')'
       print <<WOK
-   See the documentation for hyperestraier      
+   See the documentation for hyperestraier
    #{@cX.blue}
    http://hyperestraier.sourceforge.net/
    http://hyperestraier.sourceforge.net/intro-en.html
@@ -1710,8 +1710,8 @@ WOK
 
      as sisu duplicates output in multiple file formats,
      it it is probably preferable to limit the estraier index
-     to html output, and as it may also be desireable to 
-     exclude files 'doc.html' and 'concordance.html', as these 
+     to html output, and as it may also be desireable to
+     exclude files 'doc.html' and 'concordance.html', as these
      duplicate information held in other html output e.g. #{@cX.green}
 
      find /home/ralph/sisu_www -type f | egrep '/sisu_www/(sisu|bookmarks)/.+?\.html$' | egrep -v '(doc|concordance)\.html$' |estcmd gather -sd casket - #{@cX.off}
@@ -1723,7 +1723,7 @@ WOK
  (B) to set up the search form
    (i) copy #{@cX.green}estseek.cgi#{@cX.off} to your cgi directory and set file permissions to 755: #{@cX.green}
 
-     sudo cp -vi /usr/lib/estraier/estseek.cgi /usr/lib/cgi-bin 
+     sudo cp -vi /usr/lib/estraier/estseek.cgi /usr/lib/cgi-bin
      sudo chmod -v 755 /usr/lib/cgi-bin/estseek.cgi
      sudo cp -v /usr/share/hyperestraier/estseek.* /usr/lib/cgi-bin #{@cX.off}
      [see estraier documentation for paths]
@@ -1763,7 +1763,7 @@ WOK
     def sitemap
       print <<WOK
 
-      SiSU sitemaps, 
+      SiSU sitemaps,
       an experimental feature (following g,y,m announcement to use them this week)
         sisu -Y [filename/wildcard]
       it may be necessary run -m first (generate the the metaverse)
@@ -1774,13 +1774,13 @@ WOK
 WOK
     end
     def license
-      
+
       print <<WOK
 
 * License: GPL 2 or later
 
   #{@cX.ruby}GPL2 summary#{@cX.off}:
-  
+
   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   under the terms of the GNU General Public License
     #{@cX.blue}http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html#{@cX.off}
@@ -1788,16 +1788,16 @@ WOK
     #{@cX.blue}http://www.gnu.org/fsf/fsf.html#{@cX.off}
   either version 2 of the License, or (at your option)
   any later version.
-  
+
   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
   ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
   FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
   more details.
-  
+
   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
   with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
   51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA
-  
+
   If you have Internet connection, the latest version of the GPL should be
   available at these locations:
     #{@cX.blue}http://www.fsf.org/licenses/gpl.html#{@cX.off}
@@ -1872,12 +1872,12 @@ WOK
     end
     def scratch
       print <<WOK
-Types of tag, 
+Types of tag,
 
 then there are various tags which occur within the document.
-Structural tags, which consist of: 
-  heading tags that identify headings within text, and; 
-  footnote/endnote tags ... 
+Structural tags, which consist of:
+  heading tags that identify headings within text, and;
+  footnote/endnote tags ...
 
 Markup instructions: giving information as to what is to be done to the presentation of the text
 
@@ -1889,7 +1889,7 @@ _1 at the beginning of a line indents the paragraph
 
 _2 at the beginning of a line double indents the paragraph
 
-Others include 
+Others include
 
 Other things to note:
 
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/html.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/html.rb
index cb6718d3..1d9491dd 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/html.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/html.rb
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -48,22 +48,22 @@
 =end
 module SiSU_HTML
   require 'pstore'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/defaults'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/html_table'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/html_format_css'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/html_segments'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/html_scroll'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/html_promo'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/defaults"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/html_table"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/html_format_css"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/html_segments"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/html_scroll"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/html_promo"
   include SiSU_HTML_seg
   include SiSU_HTML_Format_type
   include SiSU_HTML_promo
-  require SiSU_lib + '/param'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/param"
   include SiSU_Param
   include SiSU_Viz
-  require SiSU_lib + '/html_tune'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/html_tune"
   include SiSU_Tune
-  require SiSU_lib + '/dal'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/shared_xml'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/dal"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/shared_xml"
   class Source
     def initialize(opt)
       @opt=opt
@@ -97,10 +97,9 @@ module SiSU_HTML
         end
         scr_endnotes=SiSU_HTML::Source::Endnotes.new(data,@md).scroll unless @md.markup =~/url_png/
         toc=SiSU_HTML::Source::Toc.new(data,@md).songsheet
-        doc_ver=SiSU_HTML::Source::Links_guide.new(data,@md).doc_versions
         links_guide=SiSU_HTML::Source::Links_guide.new(data,@md).toc
         data=@tuned_file_array
-        scr_toc=SiSU_HTML::Source::Scroll_head_and_segtoc.new(data,@md,toc,links_guide,doc_ver).in_common
+        scr_toc=SiSU_HTML::Source::Scroll_head_and_segtoc.new(data,@md,toc,links_guide).in_common #watch
         SiSU_HTML::Source::Seg.new(data,@md).songsheet #if not_scroll_only
         data=@tuned_file_array
         scr=SiSU_HTML::Source::Scroll.new(data,@md).songsheet
@@ -109,8 +108,8 @@ module SiSU_HTML
       rescue; SiSU_Errors::Info_error.new($!,$@,@opt.cmd,@opt.fns).error
       ensure
         unless @opt.cmd =~/[MV]/ #check maintenance flag
-          texfiles = Dir["#{@env.path.tune}/#{@opt.fns}*"]
-          texfiles.each do |f| 
+          texfiles=Dir["#{@env.path.tune}/#{@opt.fns}*"]
+          texfiles.each do |f|
             if FileTest.file?(f)
               File.unlink(f)
             end
@@ -137,15 +136,15 @@ module SiSU_HTML
         end
       end
       def link_images
-        @symlnk.images 
+        @symlnk.images
       end
       def directories
         my_make=SiSU_Env::Create_file.new(@md.cmd,@md.fns)
         @path={ :root=>my_make.html_root }
         title=File.basename(@md.fns,'.rb')
         SiSU_Env::SiSU_file.new(@md).mkdir
-      end  
-      def tuned_file_instructions 
+      end
+      def tuned_file_instructions
         @env=SiSU_Env::Info_env.new(@md.fns)
         @tell=SiSU_Screen::Ansi.new(@md.cmd)
         if @md
@@ -176,7 +175,7 @@ module SiSU_HTML
         else
           SiSU_HTML_nav_tune::Tune.new(@file_array,@md).songsheet #no doc passed originally... 2004w35, revist changes in conditional 2006
         end
-        require SiSU_lib + '/param'
+        require "#{SiSU_lib}/param"
         @tuned_file_array
       end
     end
@@ -195,9 +194,9 @@ module SiSU_HTML
         if @para =~/^\d~.+?<~\d+;(?:[ohmu]|[0-6]:)\d+;\w\d+><#@dp:#@dp>$/
           if @para[/^([1-6])~(\S+)\s+(\S.+?)<~(\d+);(?:[ohmu]|[0-6]:)\d+;\w\d+><#@dp:#@dp>$/m]
             @format,segname,@text,@ocn=$1,$2,$3,$4
-            @format="#@format~#{segname}" # 
+            @format="#@format~#{segname}" #
           elsif @para[/^([1-6]~)\s+(\S.+?)<~(\d+);(?:[ohmu]|[0-6]:)\d+;\w\d+><#@dp:#@dp>$/m]
-            @format,@text,@ocn=$1,$2,$3 #,$4
+            @format,@text,@ocn=$1,$2,$3
           end
         else
           if @para[/^(?:_1\*|<:i[12]>\s*_\*)\s+(.+?)<~(\d+);(?:[ohu]|[0-6]:)\d+;\w\d+><#@dp:#@dp>$/m]
@@ -232,10 +231,6 @@ module SiSU_HTML
       def initialize(data,md)
         @data,@md=data,md
       end
-      def doc_versions
-        format_head_toc=SiSU_HTML_Format_type::Head_toc.new(@md)
-        @doc_versions_toc=format_head_toc.document_versions_toc
-      end
       def toc
         @links_guide_toc=[]
         format_head_toc=SiSU_HTML_Format_type::Head_toc.new(@md)
@@ -282,8 +277,8 @@ module SiSU_HTML
             if pg=~/~\[[\d+]+\s.+?\]\~/m
               endnote_array << pg.scan(/~\[[\d+]+(.+?)\]\~/m)
             end
-            endnote_array.flatten.each do |note| 
-              format_scroll=SiSU_HTML_Format_type::Format_scroll.new(@md,note) 
+            endnote_array.flatten.each do |note|
+              format_scroll=SiSU_HTML_Format_type::Format_scroll.new(@md,note)
               @scr_endnotes << format_scroll.endnote_body
             end
           end
@@ -315,7 +310,7 @@ module SiSU_HTML
             when /^\s*1~(\S+)?/; Toc.new(para_toc,@md).level_1
             when /^\s*2~(\S+)?/; Toc.new(para_toc,@md).level_2
             when /^\s*3~(\S+)?/; Toc.new(para_toc,@md).level_3
-            when /^\s*4~(\S+)?/; Toc.new(para_toc,@md).level_4 
+            when /^\s*4~(\S+)?/; Toc.new(para_toc,@md).level_4
             when /^\s*5~(\S+)?/; Toc.new(para_toc,@md).level_5
             when /^\s*6~(\S+)?/; Toc.new(para_toc,@md).level_6
             when /^\s*4~!/;      Toc.new(para_toc).level_crosslink
@@ -554,8 +549,8 @@ WOK
       end
     end
     class Scroll_head_and_segtoc < Toc
-      def initialize(data,md='',toc='',links_guide_toc='',doc_versions_toc='')
-        @data,@md,@toc,@links_guide_toc,@doc_versions_toc=data,md,toc,links_guide_toc,doc_versions_toc
+      def initialize(data,md='',toc='',links_guide_toc='')
+        @data,@md,@toc,@links_guide_toc=data,md,toc,links_guide_toc
         @env=SiSU_Env::Info_env.new(@md.fns)
         @vz=SiSU_Env::Get_init.instance.skin
       end
@@ -573,7 +568,7 @@ WOK
         @segtoc << format_head_toc.toc_head_escript if SiSU_HTML_Format_type::Head_toc.method_defined? :toc_head_escript
         toc_shared << format_head_toc.scroll_head_navigation_band
         if @md.dc_rights
-          rights=format_head_toc.rights 
+          rights=format_head_toc.rights
           rights=SiSU_Tune::Clean_html.new(rights).clean
         end
         if @md.prefix_b
@@ -615,13 +610,11 @@ WOK
           @segtoc << tmp_head.dup
         end
         tmp_head=nil
-        toc_shared << @doc_versions_toc
         toc_shared << @links_guide_toc
         toc_shared << rights if @md.dc_rights
         toc_shared << prefix_b if @md.prefix_b
         #Table of Contents added/appended here
         toc_shared << @toc[:scr]
-        @segtoc << @doc_versions_toc
         @segtoc << @links_guide_toc
         @segtoc << @toc[:seg]
         @segtoc << rights if @md.dc_rights
@@ -631,7 +624,8 @@ WOK
         @segtoc << @seg_toc_band
         ads=SiSU_HTML_promo::Ad.new(@md)
         @segtoc << format_head_toc.seg_navigation_tail << ads.div.close << ads.display << format_head_toc.html_close
-        Output.new(@segtoc.to_s,@md).segtoc
+        @segtoc.flatten!.compact!
+        Output.new(@segtoc,@md).segtoc
         @segtoc=[]
         @toc[:scr],@toc[:seg]=[],[]
         toc_shared
@@ -648,7 +642,7 @@ WOK
       def publish
         scroll=[]
         scroll << @scr_toc << @scr_body << @scr_endnotes << @scr_metadata << @scr_owner_details << @scr_tails
-        scroll.to_s
+        scroll.flatten!.compact!
       end
     end
     class Seg < SiSU_HTML_seg::Seg
@@ -663,53 +657,40 @@ WOK
       end
       def scroll
         begin
-          @sisu=[]
+          @filename_html_scroll=@my_make.file_html_scroll(@md)
           @data.each do |para|
             para.strip!
             para.gsub!(/<:.+?>/,'')
-            unless para =~/^\s*$/
-              para="#{para}\n" 
-              @sisu << para
+            unless para =~/\A\s*\Z/
+              @filename_html_scroll.puts para,"\n"
             end
           end
-          @filename_html_scroll=@my_make.file_html_scroll(@md)
-          new_file_data=@sisu.to_s
-          @sisu=new_file_data.split(/\n\n/)
-          @sisu.each {|para| @filename_html_scroll.puts para,"\n"}
         rescue; SiSU_Errors::Info_error.new($!,$@,@md.cmd,@md.fns).error
         end
       end
       def segtoc
         begin
-          @sisu=[]
+          @filename_html_segtoc=@my_make.file_html_segtoc(@md)
+          @filename_html_index=@my_make.file_html_index(@md)
           @data.each do |para|
             para.strip!
             para.gsub!(/<!.+?!>|<~\d+;(?:[ohm]|[0-6]:)\d+;\w\d+><#@dp:#@dp>/,'')
-            unless para =~/^\s*$/
-              para="#{para}\n"
-              @sisu << para
+            unless para =~/\A\s*\Z/
+              @filename_html_segtoc.puts para,"\n"
+              @filename_html_index.puts para,"\n"
             end
           end
-          new_file_data=@sisu.to_s
-          @filename_html_segtoc=@my_make.file_html_segtoc(@md)
-          @filename_html_index=@my_make.file_html_index(@md)
-          @sisu=new_file_data.split(/\n\n/)
-          @sisu.each {|para| @filename_html_segtoc.puts para,"\n"}
-          @sisu.each {|para| @filename_html_index.puts para,"\n"}
         rescue; SiSU_Errors::Info_error.new($!,$@,@md.cmd,@md.fns).error
         end
       end
       def seg
         begin
-          @sisu=[]
           @data.each do |para|
             para.strip!
-            unless para =~/^\s*$/; @sisu << para
+            unless para =~/\A\s*\Z/
+              @newfile.puts para,"\n"
             end
           end
-          new_file_data=@sisu.to_s
-          @sisu=new_file_data.split(/\n\n/)
-          @sisu.each {|para| @newfile.puts para,"\n"}
         rescue; SiSU_Errors::Info_error.new($!,$@,@md.cmd,@md.fns).error
         end
       end
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/html_format.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/html_format.rb
index 780b3253..73c97358 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/html_format.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/html_format.rb
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@
                   ralph.amissah@gmail.com
 =end
 module SiSU_HTML_Format
-  require SiSU_lib + '/param'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/param"
   include SiSU_Param
   include SiSU_Viz
   class Paragraph_number
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ module SiSU_HTML_Format
     def toc_head_escript #embedded script in this case PHP
       # %{<p>PHP or other embedded script for object persistence may go HERE</p>}
     end
-    def seg_head_escript #embedded script in this case PHP 
+    def seg_head_escript #embedded script in this case PHP
       # %{<p>PHP or other embedded script for object persistence may go HERE</p>}
     end
     def table_close
@@ -309,7 +309,7 @@ WOK
     def make_seg_scroll_pdf
       wgt=Widget.new(@md)
       scroll=%{<td align="center" bgcolor=#{@vz.color_band2} border="0">
-  #{@vz.nav_txt_doc_link} 
+  #{@vz.nav_txt_doc_link}
 </td>
 }
       %{<table summary="toc segment and scroll with pdf" border="0" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0">
@@ -355,10 +355,7 @@ WOK
   <a name="top" id="top"></a>
   <a name="up" id="up"></a>
   <a name="start" id="start"></a>
-  #{@vz.js_top}} 
-    end
-    def document_versions_toc
-      #document_version_hold
+  #{@vz.js_top}}
     end
     def links_guide_vertical_open #???
       url=(defined? @vz.url_hp) && @vz.url_hp =~/^http:\/\/\S+$/ ? @vz.url_hp : @vz.url_home
@@ -482,7 +479,7 @@ WOK
       %{#{@vz.margin_txt_3}
   #{@vz.paragraph_font_small}
    #{manifest}
-    </font> 
+    </font>
 #{@vz.table_close}}
     end
     def concordance #check structure
@@ -490,7 +487,7 @@ WOK
       %{#{@vz.margin_txt_3}
   #{@vz.paragraph_font_small}
    #{concord}
-    </font> 
+    </font>
 #{@vz.table_close}}
     end
     def metadata
@@ -636,7 +633,7 @@ WOK
   #{@md.title*10}
 </font>
 </body>
-</html>} 
+</html>}
     end
   end
   class Head_seg < Head_information
@@ -647,7 +644,7 @@ WOK
       %{#{doc_type}
 <head>
   <title>
-    #{@seg_name_html[@seg_name_html_tracker]} - 
+    #{@seg_name_html[@seg_name_html_tracker]} -
     #{@md.html_title}
   </title>
 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8" />
@@ -659,7 +656,7 @@ WOK
 <a name="top" id="top"></a>
 <a name="up" id="up"></a>
 <a name="start" id="start"></a>
-#{@vz.js_top}} 
+#{@vz.js_top}}
     end
     def title_banner(title,subtitle,creator)
     end
@@ -722,7 +719,7 @@ WOK
 #{toc}
 #{nxt}
 <td>
-#{@vz.table_close}} 
+#{@vz.table_close}}
     end
     def toc_next2
       pre,nxt=false,true
@@ -784,7 +781,7 @@ WOK
   <a href="#{@md.fnl[:pre]}#{@seg_name_html[@seg_name_html_tracker+1]}#{@md.fnl[:mid]}#@sfx#{@md.fnl[:post]}" target="_top" #{@vz.js_next}>
     #{@vz.png_nav_next}
   </a>
-#{@vz.table_close}} 
+#{@vz.table_close}}
     end
     def toc_next3 #used with seg_doc_types in seg_nav_band #with pdf & other doc types #knxjs
       %{<table summary="segment navigation next" border="0" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0">
@@ -798,7 +795,7 @@ WOK
   <a href="#{@md.fnl[:pre]}#{@seg_name_html[@seg_name_html_tracker+1]}#{@md.fnl[:mid]}#@sfx#{@md.fnl[:post]}" target="_top" #{@vz.js_next}>
     #{@vz.png_nav_next}
   </a>
-#{@vz.table_close}} 
+#{@vz.table_close}}
     end
     def toc_pre3 #used with seg_doc_types in seg_nav_band #with pdf and other doc types #knxjs
     # note endnotes is now two back, with insertion between end of text and metadata, but what happens where no endnote?
@@ -811,7 +808,7 @@ WOK
   <a href="#{@md.fnl[:pre]}#@index#{@md.fnl[:mid]}#@sfx#{@md.fnl[:post]}" target="_top" #{@vz.js_toc}>
     #{@vz.png_nav_toc}
   </a>
-#{@vz.table_close}} 
+#{@vz.table_close}}
     end
     def toc_endnote
     end
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/html_format_css.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/html_format_css.rb
index 4e519a41..641a1258 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/html_format_css.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/html_format_css.rb
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -47,8 +47,8 @@
                   ralph.amissah@gmail.com
 =end
 module SiSU_HTML_Format_type
-  require SiSU_lib + '/html_format'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/param'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/html_format"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/param"
   include SiSU_Param
   include SiSU_Viz
   include SiSU_HTML_Format
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ module SiSU_HTML_Format_type
 <a name="top" id="top"></a>
 <a name="up" id="up"></a>
 <a name="start" id="start"></a>
-#{@vz.js_top}} 
+#{@vz.js_top}}
     end
     def concordance
       if @md.concord_make
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ module SiSU_HTML_Format_type
       %{#{doc_type}
 <head>
   <title>
-    #{@seg_name_html[@seg_name_html_tracker]} - 
+    #{@seg_name_html[@seg_name_html_tracker]} -
     #{@md.html_title}
   </title>
 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8" />
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ module SiSU_HTML_Format_type
 <a name="top" id="top"></a>
 <a name="up" id="up"></a>
 <a name="start" id="start"></a>
-#{@vz.js_top}} 
+#{@vz.js_top}}
     end
     def toc_metadata
       @metalink=%{./#{@md.fn[:meatadata]}}
@@ -134,11 +134,11 @@ module SiSU_HTML_Format_type
     #{creator}
   </p>
   <p class="tiny">
-    copy @ 
+    copy @
     <a href="#{@vz.url_home}">
       #{@vz.txt_home}
     </a>
-  </p>} 
+  </p>}
     end
   end
   class Head_scroll < SiSU_HTML_Format::Head_scroll
@@ -434,10 +434,10 @@ module SiSU_HTML_Format_type
       %{  <li class="doc">
     <a href="#@link" target="_top">
       #@linkname
-    </a> 
+    </a>
   </li>
 }
-    end    
+    end
     def lev
   %{<#@tag class="#@class">
     #@one
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/html_promo.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/html_promo.rb
index b41b1ffa..a9a6d71f 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/html_promo.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/html_promo.rb
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@
                   ralph.amissah@gmail.com
 =end
 module SiSU_HTML_promo
-  require SiSU_lib + '/sysenv'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/sysenv"
   include SiSU_Env
   class Ad
     def initialize(md)
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ module SiSU_HTML_promo
         else nil
         end
         #target=@prod['target']=~/^\S+/ ? @prod['target'] : '_top'
-        action=if @prod['action']=~/^http:\/\// 
+        action=if @prod['action']=~/^http:\/\//
           @prod['action']
         elsif defined? @rc['search']['action'] and @rc['search']['action'] =~/^http:\/\//
           @rc['search']['action']
@@ -240,7 +240,7 @@ WOK
     def output_form_sponsor(type,id)
       cell=cell(@ad[:promo][type][id],prod_id)
       prod_type=id=~/id_(?:[0-9x]){10,13}/i ? 'isbn' : 'id'
-      id_detail = %{<p class="pane">#{prod_type}: #{prod_id}</p>}
+      id_detail=%{<p class="pane">#{prod_type}: #{prod_id}</p>}
        <<WOK
 <br />
 #{cell.site_link}
@@ -269,7 +269,7 @@ WOK
       prod_id=id.gsub(/id_/,'')
       cell=cell(@ad[:promo][type][id],prod_id)
       prod_type=id=~/id_(?:[0-9x]){10,13}/i ? 'isbn' : 'id'
-      id_detail = %{<p class="pane">#{prod_type}: #{prod_id}</p>}
+      id_detail=%{<p class="pane">#{prod_type}: #{prod_id}</p>}
        <<WOK
 <br />
 #{cell.site_link}
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/html_scroll.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/html_scroll.rb
index 51a7a6c8..bc03fc7d 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/html_scroll.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/html_scroll.rb
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -47,9 +47,9 @@
                   ralph.amissah@gmail.com
 =end
 module SiSU_HTML_scroll
-  require SiSU_lib + '/shared_html'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/html'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/html_promo'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/shared_html"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/html"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/html_promo"
   class Scroll
     @@dp=nil
     def initialize(data='',md='')
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ module SiSU_HTML_scroll
           para.gsub!(/(MetaData)/,'\1<a name="metadata"></a>')
         end
         @rcdc=true if @rcdc==false and (para =~/^\d~metadata/ or para =~/^1~\s+Document Information/)
-        if para !~/(^0~|<ENDNOTES>|<EOF>)/ 
+        if para !~/(^0~|<ENDNOTES>|<EOF>)/
           para.gsub!(/~[{\[].+?[}\]]~\s+/m,' ')
           if para =~/.+?<~\d+;(?:[oh]|[0-6]:)\d+;\w\d+><#@dp:#@dp>$/
             paranum=para[/.+?<~(\d+);(?:[oh]|[0-6]:)\d+;\w\d+><#@dp:#@dp>$/,1]
@@ -212,7 +212,8 @@ module SiSU_HTML_scroll
           para.gsub!(/<!.+!>/,' ')
           para.gsub!(/^<:\S?>/,'')
           para.gsub!(/<:\S?>/,' ')
-          unless meta; @scr[:body] << para
+          para.strip!
+          unless meta; @scr[:body] << para unless para =~/\A\s*\Z/
           else         @scr[:metadata] << meta
           end
         end
@@ -222,7 +223,7 @@ module SiSU_HTML_scroll
     def tails
       scr_tail=[]
       format_head_scroll=SiSU_HTML_Format_type::Head_toc.new(@md)
-      ads = SiSU_HTML_promo::Ad.new(@md)
+      ads=SiSU_HTML_promo::Ad.new(@md)
       scr_tail << format_head_scroll.scroll_tail << ads.div.close << ads.display << format_head_scroll.html_close
       scr_tail
     end
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/html_segments.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/html_segments.rb
index 765c012e..96b9a970 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/html_segments.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/html_segments.rb
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -47,21 +47,21 @@
                   ralph.amissah@gmail.com
 =end
 module SiSU_HTML_seg
-  require SiSU_lib + '/shared_html'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/html'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/html_promo'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/shared_html"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/html"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/html_promo"
   class Seg
     @@seg,@@seg_subtoc,@@seg_endnotes,@@seg_ad={},{},{},{}
-    @@seg_name,@@seg_name_html,@@seg_name_php,@@segtocband=[],[],[],[]
+    @@seg_name,@@seg_name_html,@@seg_name_php=[],[],[]
     @@filename_seg=@@filename_segphp=@@seg_url=@@fn=@@to_lev4=@@get_hash_to=@@get_hash_fn=''
     @@loop_count=@@seg_total=@@tracker=0
     @@is4=@@is3=@@is2=@@is1=0
     @@header1=@@header2=@@header3=@@header4=0
-    @@seg[:dot_nav],@@seg[:tocband],@@seg[:title],@@seg[:headers],@@seg[:main],@@seg[:tail],@@seg[:credits],@@seg_subtoc_array,@@seg_endnotes_array,@@heading_endnotes_array,@@seg[:endnote_all]=Array.new(11){[]}
+    @@seg[:tocband],@@seg[:title],@@seg[:headers],@@seg[:main],@@seg[:tail],@@seg[:credits],@@seg_subtoc_array,@@seg_endnotes_array,@@heading_endnotes_array,@@seg[:endnote_all]=Array.new(10){[]}
     @@seg[:header_endnotes]=''
     @@tablehead,@@number_of_cols=0,0
     @@flag_group=false
-    @@dp=nil
+    @@dp,@@segtocband=nil,nil
     attr_reader :seg_name_html,:seg_name_html_tracker
     def initialize(data='',md='')
       @data,@md=data,md
@@ -72,8 +72,8 @@ module SiSU_HTML_seg
     end
     def songsheet
       begin
-        Seg.new(@data,@md).get_subtoc_endnotes
-        Seg.new(@data,@md).articles
+        data=get_subtoc_endnotes(@data)
+        data=articles(data)
         Seg.new.cleanup # (((( added ))))
         #### (((( END )))) ####
       rescue; SiSU_Errors::Info_error.new($!,$@,@md.cmd,@md.fns).error
@@ -82,8 +82,7 @@ module SiSU_HTML_seg
       end
     end
   protected
-    def articles
-      data=@data
+    def articles(data)
       track,tracking,newfile=0,0,0
       @@is4=@@is3=@@is2=@@is1=0
       printed_endnote_seg='n'
@@ -141,8 +140,8 @@ module SiSU_HTML_seg
                 else Seg.new.output('endnotes')
                 end
                 Seg.new.reinitialise
-                Seg.new(para,@md).header_art
-                Seg.new(para,@md).head
+                header_art(para)
+                head(para)
                 if @@seg_name_html[tracking] =~/metadata/ # this is for metadata
                   segfilename="#{@md.dir_out}/#{@md.fnl[:pre]}#{@@seg_name_html[tracking]}#{@md.fnl[:mid]}#@h_sfx#{@md.fnl[:post]}"
                   @@filename_seg=File.new(segfilename,'w')
@@ -152,20 +151,26 @@ module SiSU_HTML_seg
                 end
               end
               if  tracking == 0
-                Seg.new(para,@md).header_art
-                Seg.new(para,@md).head
+                header_art(para)
+                head(para)
               end
             end
             tracking=tracking + 1
           end
           m=para[/.+?<a name="(\d+)">.*/]; @@get_hash_to=$1 if m              # changed 2002w42, again w44 ! & again 2003w16
           m=para[/^4~(\S+)/]; @@get_hash_fn=$1 if m
-          if testforartnum[tracking-1] !~/endnote/
-            Seg.new(para,@md).markup
-            Seg.new(para,@md).txt
-          else
-            Seg.new(para,@md).markup
-            Seg.new(para,@md).txt
+          para=if para =~/<!Th?¡\s+c|<:(?:code|alt|verse|group)>/; para.split(/\n/)
+          else para
+          end
+          if para.class == String
+            markup(para)
+          elsif para.class == Array
+            para.each do |pg|
+              markup(pg)
+            end
+          end
+          Seg.new(para,@md).txt
+          if testforartnum[tracking-1] =~/endnote/
             if printed_endnote_seg == 'n'
               Seg.new(para,@md).endnote
               printed_endnote_seg='y'
@@ -174,37 +179,24 @@ module SiSU_HTML_seg
         end
       end
     end
-    def header_art
-      @data.each do |para|
-        format_head_seg=SiSU_HTML_Format_type::Head_seg.new(@md)
-        if para =~/^[0-6]~/ #2004w27/5
-          if @@tracker < @@seg_total-1; @@seg[:dot_nav] << format_head_seg.dot_control_pre_next
-          else                          @@seg[:dot_nav] << format_head_seg.dot_control_pre
-          end
+    def header_art(para)
+      format_head_seg=SiSU_HTML_Format_type::Head_seg.new(@md)
+      if para =~/^[0-6]~/ #2004w27/5
+        if @@tracker < @@seg_total-1; @@seg[:dot_nav]=format_head_seg.dot_control_pre_next #if format_head_seg.dot_control_pre_next
+        else                          @@seg[:dot_nav]=format_head_seg.dot_control_pre #if format_head_seg.dot_control_pre
         end
-        ads=SiSU_HTML_promo::Ad.new(@md)
-        @@seg[:title]=format_head_seg.head << ads.div.major
       end
+      ads=SiSU_HTML_promo::Ad.new(@md)
+      @@seg[:title]=format_head_seg.head << ads.div.major
     end
-    def head
-      data=@data
+    def head(para)
       clean=/<!.*?!>|<:.*?>|<~\d+;(?:[ohum]|[0-6]:)\d+;\w\d+><#@dp:#@dp>$/
       format_head_seg=SiSU_HTML_Format_type::Head_seg.new(@md)
-      unless @md.flag_pdf
-        if @@tracker < @@seg_total-1
-          if @@tracker == 0; @@segtocband << format_head_seg.toc_next3
-          else               @@segtocband << format_head_seg.toc_pre_next3
-          end
-        elsif @@tracker == @@seg_total
-          @@segtocband << format_head_seg.toc_pre3
-        end
-      else  # identical code without .pdf
-        if @@tracker < @@seg_total-1
-          if @@tracker == 0; @@segtocband << format_head_seg.toc_next2
-          else               @@segtocband << format_head_seg.toc_pre_next2
-          end
-        else @@segtocband << format_head_seg.toc_pre2
+      if @@tracker < @@seg_total-1
+        if @@tracker == 0; @@segtocband=format_head_seg.toc_next2 #if format_head_seg.toc_next2
+        else               @@segtocband=format_head_seg.toc_pre_next2 #if format_head_seg.toc_pre_next2
         end
+      else @@segtocband=format_head_seg.toc_pre2 #if format_head_seg.toc_pre2
       end
       @p_num ||= ''
       if @@is1 == 1
@@ -252,101 +244,98 @@ module SiSU_HTML_seg
       @@seg[:header_endnotes]=format_head_seg.title_endnote(@md.title,@md.subtitle,@dc_creator,@@seg[:dot_nav])
       @@tracker=@@tracker+1
     end
-    def markup
+    def markup(para)
       @debug=[]
-      data=@data.dup #bugwatch tied
-      @group_collect=[]
-      data.each do |para|
-        format_head_seg=SiSU_HTML_Format_type::Head_seg.new(@md)
-        if para !~/^0~/
-          m=para[/.+?<~(\d+);(?:[ohm]|[0-6]:)\d+;\w\d+><#@dp:#@dp>$/]
-          if m
-            paranum=m[1].to_s
-            @p_num=SiSU_HTML_Format_type::Paragraph_number.new(@md,paranum)
-          end
-          if para =~/<:(?:code|alt|verse|group)>/ or @@flag_group==true
-            if para =~/<:(?:code|alt|verse|group)>/ 
-              @group_collect << @vz.margin_txt_0 + para
-              @@flag_group=true
-            elsif @@flag_group==true
-              unless para =~/<:(?:code|alt|verse|group)-end>/                  # neither ideal nor necessary sort later
-                @group_collect << para 
-              else @group_collect << para.gsub(/<:(?:code|alt|verse|group)-end>/,'')
-              end
-            end
-            if para =~/<:(?:code|alt|verse|group)-end>/
-              para = @group_collect.join
-              @@flag_group=false
-              @group_collect=[]
+      format_head_seg=SiSU_HTML_Format_type::Head_seg.new(@md)
+      if para !~/^0~/
+        m=para[/.+?<~(\d+);(?:[ohm]|[0-6]:)\d+;\w\d+><#@dp:#@dp>$/]
+        if m
+          paranum=m[1].to_s
+          @p_num=SiSU_HTML_Format_type::Paragraph_number.new(@md,paranum)
+        end
+        if para =~/<:(?:code|alt|verse|group)>/ or @@flag_group==true
+          if para =~/<:(?:code|alt|verse|group)>/
+            @group_collect=[] #unless @group_collect.class == Array
+            @group_collect << @vz.margin_txt_0 + para
+            @@flag_group=true
+          elsif @@flag_group==true
+            unless para =~/<:(?:code|alt|verse|group)-end>/                  # neither ideal nor necessary sort later
+              @group_collect << para
+            else @group_collect << para.gsub(/<:(?:code|alt|verse|group)-end>/,'')
             end
           end
-          if para !~/^[0-9]~/
-            if para =~/(.*)<~0;(?:\w|[0-6]:)\d+;\w\d+><#@dp:#@dp>(.*)/
-              one,two=$1,$2
-              format_seg=SiSU_HTML_Format_type::Format_seg.new(@md,one,two)
-              para=format_seg.no_paranum
-            end
+          if para =~/<:(?:code|alt|verse|group)-end>/
+            para=@group_collect.flatten.join
+            @@flag_group=false
+            @group_collect=[]
           end
-          if para[/<~(\d+;(?:[ohmu]|[0-6]:)\d+;\w\d+><#@dp:#@dp)>$/]
-            @sto=SiSU_HTML::Source::Split_text_object.new(@md,para).lev_segname_para_ocn
-            format_txt_obj=SiSU_HTML_Format_type::Format_text_object.new(@md,@sto.text) if @sto.format =~/i[12]|_1?\*|<:i[12]>\s*_\*|null/
-            para=case @sto.format # work area 2003w29 ||@|def lev_segname_para_ocn|
-            when /^4~\S+/;       @sto.seg_lev_para_ocn.header4 # work on see Split_text_object
-            when /^5~(?:~\S+)?/; @sto.seg_lev_para_ocn.header5
-            when /^6~(?:~\S+)?/; @sto.seg_lev_para_ocn.header6
-            when /^_\*$/;        @sto.seg_lev_para_ocn.bullet
-            when /^_1\*$/
-              format_txt_obj.gsub_body
-              @sto.seg_lev_para_ocn.bullet_indent1
-            when /^i1$/
-              format_txt_obj.gsub_body
-              @sto.seg_lev_para_ocn.indent1
-            when /^i2$/
+        end
+        if para !~/^[0-9]~/
+          if para =~/(.*)<~0;(?:\w|[0-6]:)\d+;\w\d+><#@dp:#@dp>(.*)/
+            one,two=$1,$2
+            format_seg=SiSU_HTML_Format_type::Format_seg.new(@md,one,two)
+            para=format_seg.no_paranum
+          end
+        end
+        if para[/<~(\d+;(?:[ohmu]|[0-6]:)\d+;\w\d+><#@dp:#@dp)>$/]
+          @sto=SiSU_HTML::Source::Split_text_object.new(@md,para).lev_segname_para_ocn
+          format_txt_obj=SiSU_HTML_Format_type::Format_text_object.new(@md,@sto.text) if @sto.format =~/i[12]|_1?\*|<:i[12]>\s*_\*|null/
+          para=case @sto.format # work area 2003w29 ||@|def lev_segname_para_ocn|
+          when /^4~\S+/;       @sto.seg_lev_para_ocn.header4 # work on see Split_text_object
+          when /^5~(?:~\S+)?/; @sto.seg_lev_para_ocn.header5
+          when /^6~(?:~\S+)?/; @sto.seg_lev_para_ocn.header6
+          when /^_\*$/;        @sto.seg_lev_para_ocn.bullet
+          when /^_1\*$/
+            format_txt_obj.gsub_body
+            @sto.seg_lev_para_ocn.bullet_indent1
+          when /^i1$/
+            format_txt_obj.gsub_body
+            @sto.seg_lev_para_ocn.indent1
+          when /^i2$/
+            format_txt_obj.gsub_body
+            @sto.seg_lev_para_ocn.indent2
+          when /^(?:verse|group|alt)$/
+            @sto.seg_lev_para_ocn.para
+          when /^code$/
+            @sto.seg_lev_para_ocn.code
+          when /null/
+            if para !~/#{@vz.margin_txt_0}|#{@vz.margin_txt_1}|#{@vz.margin_txt_2}/ and para !~/^<!TZ!>/
               format_txt_obj.gsub_body
-              @sto.seg_lev_para_ocn.indent2
-            when /^(?:verse|group|alt)$/
               @sto.seg_lev_para_ocn.para
-            when /^code$/
-              @sto.seg_lev_para_ocn.code
-            when /null/
-              if para !~/#{@vz.margin_txt_0}|#{@vz.margin_txt_1}|#{@vz.margin_txt_2}/ and para !~/^<!TZ!>/
-                format_txt_obj.gsub_body
-                @sto.seg_lev_para_ocn.para
-              elsif para !~/#{@vz.margin_txt_0}|#{@vz.margin_txt_1}|#{@vz.margin_txt_2}/ and para =~/^<!TZ!>/
-                format_txt_obj.gsub_body
-                @sto.seg_lev_para_ocn.table_end
-              else para
-              end
+            elsif para !~/#{@vz.margin_txt_0}|#{@vz.margin_txt_1}|#{@vz.margin_txt_2}/ and para =~/^<!TZ!>/
+              format_txt_obj.gsub_body
+              @sto.seg_lev_para_ocn.table_end
             else para
             end
-          elsif para =~/¡|<!T[hZ]?/
-            table=SiSU_HTML_shared::Table.new(para)
-            para=table.table
-          end
-          if @md.flag_separate_endnotes
-            para.gsub!(/"\s+href="#_(\d+)">/,%{" href=\"endnotes#{@md.sfx}#_\\1">})       #endnote- twice #removed file type
+          else para
           end
-          if para !~/#{@vz.margin_txt_w1}|#{@vz.margin_txt_w2}/
-            if para[/(.*)<~0;(?:u|[0-6]:)\d+;\w\d+><#@dp:#@dp>(.*)/] #% watch u & m?
-              one,two=$1,$2
-              format_seg=SiSU_HTML_Format_type::Format_seg.new(@md,one,two)
-              para=format_seg.seg_no_paranum                                   #% undefined
-            end
-            para.gsub!(/\s*(-\{{2}~\d+|<:e[:_]\d+>).*/,'')                   #potentially dagerous - removes all paragraphs with <!e_!> #?? workpoint
-            if para =~/<a name="_\d+" href="#-\d+">&nbsp;<sup>/                #endnote- note-
-              format_seg=SiSU_HTML_Format_type::Format_seg.new(@md,para)
-              para=format_seg.no_paranum
-            end
+        elsif para =~/¡|<!T[hZ]?/
+          table=SiSU_HTML_shared::Table.new(para)
+          para=table.table
+        end
+        if @md.flag_separate_endnotes
+          para.gsub!(/"\s+href="#_(\d+)">/,%{" href=\"endnotes#{@md.sfx}#_\\1">})       #endnote- twice #removed file type
+        end
+        if para !~/#{@vz.margin_txt_w1}|#{@vz.margin_txt_w2}/
+          if para[/(.*)<~0;(?:u|[0-6]:)\d+;\w\d+><#@dp:#@dp>(.*)/] #% watch u & m?
+            one,two=$1,$2
+            format_seg=SiSU_HTML_Format_type::Format_seg.new(@md,one,two)
+            para=format_seg.seg_no_paranum                                   #% undefined
           end
-          if para =~/^4~\S+|4~!/ 
-            para.gsub!(/4~\S+|<:[-_\w\d]?(-.+?-)?>|4~!.+/,'')              #sort seg headers
-            @@seg[:main] << para 
-            @@seg[:main] << @@seg_subtoc[@@get_hash_fn]                       #% insertion of sub-toc
-          else
-            para.gsub!(/<:[-_\w\d]?(-.+?-)?>|4~!.+/,'')
-            @@seg[:main] << para unless @@flag_group==true
+          para.gsub!(/\s*(-\{{2}~\d+|<:e[:_]\d+>).*/,'')                   #potentially dagerous - removes all paragraphs with <!e_!> #?? workpoint
+          if para =~/<a name="_\d+" href="#-\d+">&nbsp;<sup>/                #endnote- note-
+            format_seg=SiSU_HTML_Format_type::Format_seg.new(@md,para)
+            para=format_seg.no_paranum
           end
         end
+        if para =~/^4~\S+|4~!/
+          para.gsub!(/4~\S+|<:[-_\w\d]?(-.+?-)?>|4~!.+/,'')              #sort seg headers
+          @@seg[:main] << para
+          @@seg[:main] << @@seg_subtoc[@@get_hash_fn]                       #% insertion of sub-toc
+        else
+          para.gsub!(/<:[-_\w\d]?(-.+?-)?>|4~!.+/,'')
+          @@seg[:main] << para unless @@flag_group==true
+        end
       end
     end
     def txt
@@ -360,29 +349,32 @@ module SiSU_HTML_seg
         @@seg[:tail] << @@seg_endnotes[@@get_hash_fn] #endnotes deposited at end of individual segments||@|EXTRACTION OF ENDNOTES|
       end
       @@seg[:tail] << '<table summary="whitespace"><tr><td>&nbsp;</td></tr></table>'
-      ads = SiSU_HTML_promo::Ad.new(@md)
+      ads=SiSU_HTML_promo::Ad.new(@md)
       @@seg[:credits] << format_head_seg.credit << ads.div.close << ads.display << format_head_seg.html_close
     end
     def output(type='')
-      if @@seg[:title] =~/\S/ #kludge (for exception file better.ways, how ironic) get a real ruby test, e.g. test that not array or... 
-        @@filename_seg << @@seg[:title] 
-        #@@filename_seg << @@seg[:dot_nav] #places dot control at very top of segment
-        @@filename_seg << @@seg[:tocband]
+      if @@seg[:title] =~/\S/ #kludge (for exception file better.ways, how ironic) get a real ruby test, e.g. test that not array or...
+        filename_seg=[]
+        filename_seg << @@seg[:title] << @@seg[:tocband]
         if type !~/endnote/
-          @@filename_seg << @@seg[:headers]
-          @@filename_seg << @@seg[:main]
+          filename_seg << @@seg[:headers] << @@seg[:main]
         else
-          @@filename_seg << @@seg[:header_endnotes]
-          @@filename_seg << @@seg[:endnote_all]
+          filename_seg << @@seg[:header_endnotes] << @@seg[:endnote_all]
+        end
+        filename_seg << @@seg[:tail] << @@seg[:tocband] << @@seg[:credits]
+        filename_seg.flatten!.compact!
+        filename_seg.each do |para|
+          unless para =~/\A\s*\Z/
+            para.strip!
+            @@filename_seg << para
+          end
         end
-        @@filename_seg << @@seg[:tail]
-        @@filename_seg << @@seg[:tocband]
-        @@filename_seg << @@seg[:credits]
         @@filename_seg.close
       end
     end
     def reinitialise
-      @@seg[:title],@@seg[:dot_nav],@@segtocband,@@seg[:tocband],@@seg[:headers],@@seg[:main],@@seg[:tail],@@seg[:credits]=Array.new(8){[]}
+      @@seg[:title],@@seg[:dot_nav],@@seg[:tocband],@@seg[:headers],@@seg[:main],@@seg[:tail],@@seg[:credits]=Array.new(7){[]}
+      @@segtocband=nil
     end
     def cleanup
       reinitialise
@@ -391,21 +383,21 @@ module SiSU_HTML_seg
       @@seg_endnotes_array,@@seg_subtoc_array,@@heading_endnotes_array=[],[],[]
       @@seg[:endnote_all]=[]
     end
-    def get_subtoc_endnotes #get endnotes & sub-table of contents subtoc
-      @data.each do |para|
+    def get_subtoc_endnotes(data) #get endnotes & sub-table of contents subtoc
+      data.each do |para|
         para.gsub!(/<a name=\"h\d.*?\">(.+?)<\/a>/mi,'\1')
         if @md.flag_auto_endnotes
           if para =~/^[1234]~/ and not @@fn.empty?
-            @@seg_endnotes[@@fn] = []
+            @@seg_endnotes[@@fn]=[]
             @@seg_endnotes[@@fn] << @@seg_endnotes_array
             @@seg_endnotes_array=[] if para=~/^4~/
           end
         end
-        if para =~/^4~/                                              #% EXTRACTION OF SUB-TOCs 
+        if para =~/^4~/                                              #% EXTRACTION OF SUB-TOCs
           @@seg_subtoc[@@fn]=@@seg_subtoc_array
           @@seg_subtoc_array=[]
         end
-        if para =~/^4~/                                              #% SEGMENT NAME, after EXTRACTION OF ENDNOTES & SUB-TOCs 
+        if para =~/^4~/                                              #% SEGMENT NAME, after EXTRACTION OF ENDNOTES & SUB-TOCs
           m=para[/^4~(\S+).+?<~(\d+);(?:[oh]|4:)\d+;\w\d+><#@dp:#@dp>$/]
           if m;  @@fn,@@to_lev4=$1,$2 if m # changed 2004w07          #endnotes and sub-tocs
           else
@@ -439,7 +431,8 @@ module SiSU_HTML_seg
             if para=~/~\[[+]\d+\s.+?\]\~/m
               endnote_array << para.scan(/~\[[+]\d+\s.+?\]\~/m)
             end
-            endnote_array.flatten.each do |note| 
+            endnote_array.flatten!.compact! #check compacting
+            endnote_array.each do |note|
               note_match=note.dup
               note_match_seg=note.dup
               e_n=note_match_seg[/(?:~\{[\d*+]+|~\[[*+]\d+)\s+(.+?)[}\]]~/m,1]
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/html_table.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/html_table.rb
index ade762eb..ebe98e0d 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/html_table.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/html_table.rb
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@
                   ralph.amissah@gmail.com
 =end
 module SiSU_HTML_table
-  require SiSU_lib + '/defaults'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/defaults"
   class Table
     @@tablehead=0
     @@tablefoot=[] #watch
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ module SiSU_HTML_table
     end
     def table
       m=@parablock[/<!f(.+?)!>/,1]
-      @@tablefoot << m if m 
+      @@tablefoot << m if m
       @parablock.gsub!(/<!f.+?!>/,'')
       @@tablehead=1 if @parablock =~/<!Th¡/
       if @parablock =~/<!Th?¡.+?!~(\d+);\w\d+;\w\d+>/; @parablock=table_head($1)
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ module SiSU_HTML_table
           if @parablock =~/<!¡¡(\d+?)¡/
             @parablock.gsub!(/<!¡¡(\d+?)¡/,table_row($1,true))
           end
-          if @parablock =~/¡¡(\d+?)¡/ 
+          if @parablock =~/¡¡(\d+?)¡/
             @parablock.gsub!(/¡¡(\d+?)¡/,table_cell($1,true))
           end
           if @parablock =~/!>/
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/html_tune.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/html_tune.rb
index 1043f310..2d295a6c 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/html_tune.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/html_tune.rb
@@ -35,23 +35,23 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
  * Ralph Amissah: ralph@amissah.com
                   ralph.amissah@gmail.com
 =end
-require SiSU_lib + '/param'
+require "#{SiSU_lib}/param"
 module SiSU_Tune
-  #require SiSU_lib + '/defaults'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/sysenv'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/param'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/html_format' #watch
+  #require "#{SiSU_lib}/defaults"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/sysenv"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/param"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/html_format" #watch
   include SiSU_Env
   include SiSU_Screen
   @@line_mode=''
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ module SiSU_Tune
 &nbsp\;</td>
 <td width="94%" valign="top" align="justify">'
   @@table_align_close='</td>
-<td width="4%" align="right" valign="top"> 
+<td width="4%" align="right" valign="top">
 <font size="1" color="#777777">
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</font> </td></tr></table>'
   @@counter,@@column,@columns=0,0,0
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ module SiSU_Tune
       @html=html
     end
     def clean
-      @html.gsub!(/¢/,'&cent;')    # &#162; 
+      @html.gsub!(/¢/,'&cent;')    # &#162;
       @html.gsub!(/£/,'&pound;')   # &#163;
       @html.gsub!(/¥/,'&yen;')     # &#165;
       @html.gsub!(/§/,'&sect;')    # &#167;
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ module SiSU_Tune
       @html.gsub!(/û/,'&ucirc;')   # &#252;
       @html.gsub!(/ü/,'&uuml;')    # &#253;
       @html.gsub!(/þ/,'&thorn;')   # &#254;
-      @html.gsub!(/ÿ/,'&yuml;')    # &#255;   
+      @html.gsub!(/ÿ/,'&yuml;')    # &#255;
       @html.gsub!(/ý/,'&yacute;')
       @html
     end
@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ module SiSU_Tune
         data=Tune.new(@data,@md).endnotes_html
         data=Tune.new(data,@md).url_markup
         if @sys.locale =~/utf-?8/i
-          data=Tune.new(data,@md).utf8_markup 
+          data=Tune.new(data,@md).utf8_markup
         end
         if @md.cmd =~/M/  #Hard Output Tune Optional on/off here
           data=Output.new(data,@md).hard_output
@@ -341,9 +341,9 @@ module SiSU_Tune
           else m,u=/\{(.+?)\}((?:https?|ftp)\S+|image)/.match(word).captures
             d=''
           end
-          case m 
+          case m
           when /\.png|\.jpg|\.gif|c=|\d+x\d+/
-            w,h=/(\d+)x(\d+)/.match(m).captures if m =~/\d+x\d+/ 
+            w,h=/(\d+)x(\d+)/.match(m).captures if m =~/\d+x\d+/
             w=%{width="#{w}"} if w
             h=%{height="#{h}"} if h
             c=m[/"(.+?)"/m,1]
@@ -352,7 +352,7 @@ module SiSU_Tune
             image_path=if @md.fns =~/\.-ss[tm]$/; @env.url.images_external
             else                                  @env.url.images_local
             end
-            ins=if u and u.strip !~/^image$/ 
+            ins=if u and u.strip !~/^image$/
               %{<a href="#{u}"><img src="#{image_path}/#{png}" #{w} #{h} naturalsizeflag="0" align="bottom" border="0"></a>#{caption}}
             else %{<img src="#{image_path}/#{png}" #{w} #{h} naturalsizeflag="0" align="bottom" border="0">#{caption}}
             end
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/hub.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/hub.rb
index 939b70a5..d8e99867 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/hub.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/hub.rb
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@
                   ralph.amissah@gmail.com
 =end
 module SiSU
-  require SiSU_lib + '/sysenv'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/sysenv"
   include SiSU_Screen
   @@pwd=Dir.pwd
   class Remote_download
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ module SiSU
       Dir.chdir(@pwd)
     end
     def select
-      require SiSU_lib + "/#@req"
+      require "#{SiSU_lib}/#@req"
       if @req =~/^conf$/;           SiSU_Initialize::Source.new(@opt).read    # -C
       end
       if not @opt.files.empty?
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ module SiSU
         	      when /\.(?:[_-]?sst|ssm)$/
                   case @req
                   when /^dal$/
-        	          if fns =~ /\.ssm$/; require SiSU_lib + '/composite'  #pre-processing
+        	          if fns =~ /\.ssm$/; require "#{SiSU_lib}/composite"  #pre-processing
                       SiSU_Assemble::Composite.new(@opt).read
                       @opt.fns=fns.gsub(/\.ssm$/,'._sst')
                     end
@@ -191,30 +191,30 @@ module SiSU
     end
     def remote_put_base_site_rsync                                   # -CR
 p "here #{__FILE__} #{__LINE__}" if @opt =~/M/
-      require SiSU_lib + '/remote_put'
+      require "#{SiSU_lib}/remote_put"
       SiSU_Remote::Put.new(@opt).rsync_base
     end
     def remote_put_base_site_rsync_match                             # -CCRZ
 p "here #{__FILE__} #{__LINE__}" if @opt =~/M/
-      require SiSU_lib + '/remote_put'
+      require "#{SiSU_lib}/remote_put"
       SiSU_Remote::Put.new(@opt).rsync_base_sync
     end
     def remote_put_base_site                                         # -Cr
 p "here #{__FILE__} #{__LINE__}" if @opt =~/M/
-      require SiSU_lib + '/remote_put'
+      require "#{SiSU_lib}/remote_put"
       SiSU_Remote::Put.new(@opt).scp_base
     end
     def remote_put_base_site_all                                     # -CCr
 p "here #{__FILE__} #{__LINE__}" if @opt =~/M/
-      require SiSU_lib + '/remote_put'
+      require "#{SiSU_lib}/remote_put"
       SiSU_Remote::Put.new(@opt).scp_base_all
     end
     def cgi                                                          # -F
-      require SiSU_lib + '/cgi'
+      require "#{SiSU_lib}/cgi"
       SiSU_CGI::SiSU_search.new(@opt).read
     end
     def encoding                                                     # -K build character encoding db (uses KirbyBase)
-      require SiSU_lib + '/character_encoding'
+      require "#{SiSU_lib}/character_encoding"
       SiSU_character_encode::Create.new.db
     end
     def termsheet                                                    # -t
@@ -225,7 +225,7 @@ p "here #{__FILE__} #{__LINE__}" if @opt =~/M/
     end
     def webrick                                                      # -W
       port=prt=@fns
-      prt=if prt !~/\d+/; 'webrick default (sysenv)' 
+      prt=if prt !~/\d+/; 'webrick default (sysenv)'
       else                "webrick port set to #{prt}"
       end
     	puts 	%{#{@cX.blue}<<#{@cX.off}#{@cX.green}Start Webrick web server on port: #{prt}#{@cX.off}#{@cX.blue}>> #{@cX.off*2} }
@@ -271,7 +271,7 @@ p "here #{__FILE__} #{__LINE__}" if @opt =~/M/
       Op.new(@opt,req,msg).select if req and msg
     end
     def actions
-      if @opt.mod.inspect =~/--convert|--to|--from/; require SiSU_lib + '/sst_convert_markup'
+      if @opt.mod.inspect =~/--convert|--to|--from/; require "#{SiSU_lib}/sst_convert_markup"
       end
       if @opt.cmd =~/([AabCcDdEeFfgGHhIiLMmNnoprRSsTtQqUuVvwWXxYyZ_0-9])/ and
          @opt.cmd =~/^-/ and
@@ -296,7 +296,7 @@ p "here #{__FILE__} #{__LINE__}" if @opt =~/M/
           else ''
           end
         end
-        @opt.cmd=@opt.cmd + extra  
+        @opt.cmd=@opt.cmd + extra
         if @opt.cmd =~/[vVM]/                                                             #% version information
           version=SiSU_Env::Info_version.new.get_version
           rb_ver=SiSU_Env::Info_version.new.rbversion
@@ -365,41 +365,41 @@ p "here #{__FILE__} #{__LINE__}" if @opt =~/M/
             re_p=/(http:\/\/\S+?(?:\/sisupod(?:\.zip)?|\.ssp))/
         	  @opt.files.each do |fns|
               if fns =~re_s
-                @get_s << re_s.match(fns)[1] if re_s 
+                @get_s << re_s.match(fns)[1] if re_s
               end
               if fns =~re_p
-                @get_p << re_p.match(fns)[1] if re_p 
+                @get_p << re_p.match(fns)[1] if re_p
               end
             end
             if @get_s.length > 0                                     #% remote markup file .sst
               require 'open-uri'
               require 'pp'
-              require SiSU_lib + '/composite'
+              require "#{SiSU_lib}/composite"
               @rgx_image=/\{\s*(\S+?\.(?:png|jpg|gif))/
               @rgx_skin=/^0~skin\s+(\S+)/
-              threads = []
+              threads=[]
               for requested_page in @get_s
                 threads << Thread.new(requested_page) do |url|
                   open(url) do |f|
                     raise "#{url} not found" unless f
                     re_fnb=/(http:\/\/[^\/ ]+?\/[^\/ ]+?)\/\S+?\/([^\/]+?)\.ss(t)/ #revisit and remove DO
                     base_uri,fnb,instr=re_fnb.match(url)[1..3] if re_fnb
-                    imagedir = base_uri + '/_sisu/image_local' #check on
+                    imagedir= base_uri + '/_sisu/image_local' #check on
                     doc_skin_dir = /(http:\/\/\S+?)\/[^\/]+?\.sst$/.match(url).captures.join + '/_sisu/skin/doc'
                     #"Got file, and ready to process: #{fnb}.t#{instr}"
                     downloaded_file=File.new("#{fnb}.-sst",'w+')
                     images=SiSU_Assemble::Remote_image.new.image(imagedir)
                     skin=SiSU_Assemble::Remote_image.new.image(doc_skin_dir)
                     f.collect.each do |r|                            # work area
-                      skin << r.scan(@rgx_skin).uniq if r =~@rgx_skin     
-                      images << r.scan(@rgx_image).uniq if r =~@rgx_image     
+                      skin << r.scan(@rgx_skin).uniq if r =~@rgx_skin
+                      images << r.scan(@rgx_image).uniq if r =~@rgx_image
                       downloaded_file << r
                     end
                     if skin and skin.length > 0
                       SiSU_Assemble::Remote_image.new.download_doc_skin(skin)
                     end
                     if images and images.length > 1
-                      images.flatten!.uniq! 
+                      images.flatten!.uniq!
                       @msg,@msgs='downloading images:', [ images.join(',') ]
                       @tell.call.warn unless @opt.cmd =~/q/
                       SiSU_Assemble::Remote_image.new.download_images(images)
@@ -419,7 +419,7 @@ p "here #{__FILE__} #{__LINE__}" if @opt =~/M/
                 pod_info=Remote_download.new(requested_pod)
                 @opt.fns=pod_info.pod.name
                 Net::HTTP.start(pod_info.pod.site) do |http|
-                  resp = http.get("#{pod_info.pod.path}/#{pod_info.pod.name_source}")
+                  resp=http.get("#{pod_info.pod.path}/#{pod_info.pod.name_source}")
                   open(pod_info.pod.name,'wb') do |file|
                     file.write(resp.body)
                    end
@@ -463,7 +463,7 @@ p "here #{__FILE__} #{__LINE__}" if @opt =~/M/
         if @opt.cmd =~/w/; op('concordance','Concordance')           #% -w concordance
         end
         if @opt.cmd =~/t/                                            #% -t termsheet/standard form
-          SiSU_Help::Help.new('termsheet').help_request 
+          SiSU_Help::Help.new('termsheet').help_request
         	@opt.files.each do |fns|
             if FileTest.file?(fns)
               @opt.fns=fns
@@ -504,26 +504,26 @@ p "here #{__FILE__} #{__LINE__}" if @opt =~/M/
           end
         end
       elsif @opt.mod.inspect =~/--query/
-        require SiSU_lib + '/sst_identify_markup'
+        require "#{SiSU_lib}/sst_identify_markup"
         puts SiSU_Markup::Markup_history.new(@opt).query
       elsif @opt.mod.inspect =~/--identify/
-        require SiSU_lib + '/sst_identify_markup'
+        require "#{SiSU_lib}/sst_identify_markup"
         markup_version=SiSU_Markup::Markup_identify.new(@opt).markup_version?
       elsif  @opt.mod.inspect =~/--about/                            #% help instructions
-        if @opt.mod.inspect =~/--about/ and not @opt.what.empty?; SiSU_Help::Help.new(@opt.what,'color_off').help_request 
-        else SiSU_Help::Help.new('list','color_off').help_request 
+        if @opt.mod.inspect =~/--about/ and not @opt.what.empty?; SiSU_Help::Help.new(@opt.what,'color_off').help_request
+        else SiSU_Help::Help.new('list','color_off').help_request
         end
       elsif  @opt.mod.inspect =~/--sitemaps/                         #% sitemaps
-        require SiSU_lib + '/sitemaps'
+        require "#{SiSU_lib}/sitemaps"
         SiSU_Sitemaps::Source.new(@opt).read
         if @opt.cmd =~/R/
-          require SiSU_lib + '/remote_put'
+          require "#{SiSU_lib}/remote_put"
           SiSU_Remote::Put.new(@opt).rsync_sitemaps
         end
       else                                                           #% help instructions
         unless @opt.mod.inspect =~/--convert|--to|--from/
-          if @opt.mod.inspect =~/--help/ and not @opt.what.empty?; SiSU_Help::Help.new(@opt.what).help_request 
-          else SiSU_Help::Help.new('list').help_request 
+          if @opt.mod.inspect =~/--help/ and not @opt.what.empty?; SiSU_Help::Help.new(@opt.what).help_request
+          else SiSU_Help::Help.new('list').help_request
           end
         end
       end
@@ -540,7 +540,7 @@ p "here #{__FILE__} #{__LINE__}" if @opt =~/M/
           if @opt.fns =~/\._sst$/ and @opt.cmd !~/[S_M]/ # rework necessry, revist, the _ flag is a hack, to keep ._sst files
             @msg,@msgs='temporary file removed',nil
             @tell.call.warn unless @opt.cmd =~/V/
-            File.unlink(@opt.fns) if File.exists?(@opt.fns) #CONSIDER
+            File.unlink(@opt.fns) if File.exist?(@opt.fns) #CONSIDER
           end
         else                          #Operations.new(fns,'html').not_found
         end
@@ -550,15 +550,15 @@ p "here #{__FILE__} #{__LINE__}" if @opt =~/M/
   begin                                                              #% select what to do
     require 'jcode'
     $KCODE='UTF8'
-    require SiSU_lib + '/options'
-    require SiSU_lib + '/sysenv'
+    require "#{SiSU_lib}/options"
+    require "#{SiSU_lib}/sysenv"
     include SiSU_Env
     include SiSU_Screen
-    require SiSU_lib + '/param'
+    require "#{SiSU_lib}/param"
     include SiSU_Param
-    require SiSU_lib + '/defaults'
+    require "#{SiSU_lib}/defaults"
     include SiSU_Viz
-    require SiSU_lib + '/help'
+    require "#{SiSU_lib}/help"
     include SiSU_Help
     require 'uri'
     home=ENV['HOME']
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/i18n.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/i18n.rb
index 311b90ee..8a9bec57 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/i18n.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/i18n.rb
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -49,41 +49,41 @@
                   ralph.amissah@gmail.com
 =end
 module SiSU_Translate
-  require SiSU_lib + '/sysenv'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/sysenv"
   include SiSU_Env
   include SiSU_Param
   class Source
     def initialize(md,doc_lang,trans_str='')
       @md,@doc_lang,@trans_str=md,doc_lang,trans_str
       @lang_class=case @doc_lang
-      when /American/i;                  English.new(md,doc_lang,trans_str)    # tag depreciated, see iso 639-2 
-      when /English/i;                   English.new(md,doc_lang,trans_str) 
-      when /French/i;                    French.new(md,doc_lang,trans_str) 
-      when /German/i;                    German.new(md,doc_lang,trans_str)  
-      when /Italian/i;                   Italian.new(md,doc_lang,trans_str)  
-      when /Spanish/i;                   Spanish.new(md,doc_lang,trans_str)  
-      when /Brazilian(?: Portuguese)?/i; Portuguese.new(md,doc_lang,trans_str) # tag depreciated, see iso 639-2 
-      when /Portuguese/i;                Portuguese.new(md,doc_lang,trans_str) 
-      when /Swedish/i;                   Swedish.new(md,doc_lang,trans_str) 
-      when /Danish/i;                    Danish.new(md,doc_lang,trans_str)  
-      when /Finnish/i;                   Finnish.new(md,doc_lang,trans_str) 
-      when /Norwegian/i;                 Norwegian.new(md,doc_lang,trans_str) 
-      when /Icelandic/i;                 Icelandic.new(md,doc_lang,trans_str) 
-      when /Dutch/i;                     Dutch.new(md,doc_lang,trans_str) 
-      when /Estonian/i;                  Estonian.new(md,doc_lang,trans_str) 
-      when /Hungarian/i;                 Hungarian.new(md,doc_lang,trans_str) 
-      when /Polish/i;                    Polish.new(md,doc_lang,trans_str) 
-      when /Romanian/i;                  Romanian.new(md,doc_lang,trans_str) 
-      when /Russian/i;                   Russian.new(md,doc_lang,trans_str) 
-      when /Greek/i;                     Greek.new(md,doc_lang,trans_str) 
-      when /Ukranian/i;                  Ukranian.new(md,doc_lang,trans_str) 
-      when /Turkish/i;                   Turkish.new(md,doc_lang,trans_str) 
-      when /Slovenian/i;                 Slovenian.new(md,doc_lang,trans_str) 
-      when /Croatian/i;                  Croatian.new(md,doc_lang,trans_str) 
-      when /Slovak(?:ian)?/i;            Slovak.new(md,doc_lang,trans_str) 
-      when /Czech/i;                     Czech.new(md,doc_lang,trans_str) 
-      when /Bulgarian/i;                 Bulgarian.new(md,doc_lang,trans_str) 
-      else                               English.new(md,doc_lang,trans_str) 
+      when /American/i;                  English.new(md,doc_lang,trans_str)    # tag depreciated, see iso 639-2
+      when /English/i;                   English.new(md,doc_lang,trans_str)
+      when /French/i;                    French.new(md,doc_lang,trans_str)
+      when /German/i;                    German.new(md,doc_lang,trans_str)
+      when /Italian/i;                   Italian.new(md,doc_lang,trans_str)
+      when /Spanish/i;                   Spanish.new(md,doc_lang,trans_str)
+      when /Brazilian(?: Portuguese)?/i; Portuguese.new(md,doc_lang,trans_str) # tag depreciated, see iso 639-2
+      when /Portuguese/i;                Portuguese.new(md,doc_lang,trans_str)
+      when /Swedish/i;                   Swedish.new(md,doc_lang,trans_str)
+      when /Danish/i;                    Danish.new(md,doc_lang,trans_str)
+      when /Finnish/i;                   Finnish.new(md,doc_lang,trans_str)
+      when /Norwegian/i;                 Norwegian.new(md,doc_lang,trans_str)
+      when /Icelandic/i;                 Icelandic.new(md,doc_lang,trans_str)
+      when /Dutch/i;                     Dutch.new(md,doc_lang,trans_str)
+      when /Estonian/i;                  Estonian.new(md,doc_lang,trans_str)
+      when /Hungarian/i;                 Hungarian.new(md,doc_lang,trans_str)
+      when /Polish/i;                    Polish.new(md,doc_lang,trans_str)
+      when /Romanian/i;                  Romanian.new(md,doc_lang,trans_str)
+      when /Russian/i;                   Russian.new(md,doc_lang,trans_str)
+      when /Greek/i;                     Greek.new(md,doc_lang,trans_str)
+      when /Ukranian/i;                  Ukranian.new(md,doc_lang,trans_str)
+      when /Turkish/i;                   Turkish.new(md,doc_lang,trans_str)
+      when /Slovenian/i;                 Slovenian.new(md,doc_lang,trans_str)
+      when /Croatian/i;                  Croatian.new(md,doc_lang,trans_str)
+      when /Slovak(?:ian)?/i;            Slovak.new(md,doc_lang,trans_str)
+      when /Czech/i;                     Czech.new(md,doc_lang,trans_str)
+      when /Bulgarian/i;                 Bulgarian.new(md,doc_lang,trans_str)
+      else                               English.new(md,doc_lang,trans_str)
       end
     end
     def filename
@@ -131,43 +131,43 @@ module SiSU_Translate
     def prepared_by
       @lang_class.prepared_by
     end
-    def digitized_by 
+    def digitized_by
       @lang_class.digitized_by
     end
-    def subject 
+    def subject
       @lang_class.subject
     end
-    def dc_description 
+    def dc_description
       @lang_class.dc_description
     end
-    def abstract 
+    def abstract
       @lang_class.abstract
     end
-    def type 
+    def type
       @lang_class.type
     end
-    def rights 
+    def rights
       @lang_class.rights
     end
-    def digitized_by 
+    def digitized_by
       @lang_class.digitized_by
     end
-    def date 
+    def date
       @lang_class.date
     end
-    def date_created 
+    def date_created
       @lang_class.date_created
     end
-    def date_available 
+    def date_available
       @lang_class.date_available
     end
-    def date_valid 
+    def date_valid
       @lang_class.date_valid
     end
-    def date_modified 
+    def date_modified
       @lang_class.date_modified
     end
-    def date_issued 
+    def date_issued
       @lang_class.date_issued
     end
     def language
@@ -259,13 +259,13 @@ module SiSU_Translate
     end
     def language_list
       lang=case @trans_str
-      when /American/i;                  'American English'                    # tag depreciated, see iso 639-2 
+      when /American/i;                  'American English'                    # tag depreciated, see iso 639-2
       when /English/i;                   'English'
       when /French/i;                    'français'
       when /German/i;                    'Deutsch'
       when /Italian/i;                   'Italiano'
       when /Spanish/i;                   'español'
-      when /Brazilian(?: Portuguese)?/i; 'Brazilian Português'                 # tag depreciated, see iso 639-2 
+      when /Brazilian(?: Portuguese)?/i; 'Brazilian Português'                 # tag depreciated, see iso 639-2
       when /Portuguese/i;                'Português'
       when /Swedish/i;                   'svenska'
       when /Danish/i;                    'dansk'
@@ -462,13 +462,13 @@ module SiSU_Translate
     end
     def language_list_translated
       lang=case @trans_str
-      when /American/i;                  'American English'                    # tag depreciated, see iso 639-2 
+      when /American/i;                  'American English'                    # tag depreciated, see iso 639-2
       when /English/i;                   'English'
       when /French/i;                    'French'
       when /German/i;                    'German'
       when /Italian/i;                   'Italian'
       when /Spanish/i;                   'Spanish'
-      when /Brazilian(?: Portuguese)?/i; 'Brazilian Portuguese'                # tag depreciated, see iso 639-2 
+      when /Brazilian(?: Portuguese)?/i; 'Brazilian Portuguese'                # tag depreciated, see iso 639-2
       when /Portuguese/i;                'Portuguese'
       when /Swedish/i;                   'Swedish'
       when /Danish/i;                    'Danish'
@@ -661,13 +661,13 @@ module SiSU_Translate
     end
     def language_list_translated
       lang=case @trans_str
-      when /American/i;                  'Anglais americain'                   # tag depreciated, see iso 639-2 
+      when /American/i;                  'Anglais americain'                   # tag depreciated, see iso 639-2
       when /English/i;                   'Anglais'
       when /French/i;                    'Français'
       when /German/i;                    'Allemand'
       when /Italian/i;                   'Italien'
       when /Spanish/i;                   'Espagnol'
-      when /Brazilian(?: Portuguese)?/i; 'Portugais brésilien'                 # tag depreciated, see iso 639-2 
+      when /Brazilian(?: Portuguese)?/i; 'Portugais brésilien'                 # tag depreciated, see iso 639-2
       when /Portuguese/i;                'Portugais'
       when /Swedish/i;                   'Suédois'
       when /Danish/i;                    'Danois'
@@ -860,13 +860,13 @@ module SiSU_Translate
     end
     def language_list_translated
       lang=case @trans_str
-      when /American/i;                  'Amerikanisch-Englisch'               # tag depreciated, see iso 639-2 
+      when /American/i;                  'Amerikanisch-Englisch'               # tag depreciated, see iso 639-2
       when /English/i;                   'Englisch'
       when /French/i;                    'Französisch'
       when /German/i;                    'Deutsch'
       when /Italian/i;                   'Italienisch'
       when /Spanish/i;                   'Spanisch'
-      when /Brazilian(?: Portuguese)?/i; 'Brasilianisch-Portugiesisch'         # tag depreciated, see iso 639-2 
+      when /Brazilian(?: Portuguese)?/i; 'Brasilianisch-Portugiesisch'         # tag depreciated, see iso 639-2
       when /Portuguese/i;                'Portugiesisch'
       when /Swedish/i;                   'Schwedisch'
       when /Danish/i;                    'Dänisch'
@@ -1059,13 +1059,13 @@ module SiSU_Translate
    end
    def language_list_translated
      lang=case @trans_str
-     when /American/i;                  'Inglés Americano'                     # tag depreciated, see iso 639-2 
+     when /American/i;                  'Inglés Americano'                     # tag depreciated, see iso 639-2
      when /English/i;                   'Inglés'
      when /French/i;                    'Francés'
      when /German/i;                    'Alemán'
      when /Italian/i;                   'Italiano'
      when /Spanish/i;                   'Español'
-     when /Brazilian(?: Portuguese)?/i; 'Portugués de Brasil'                  # tag depreciated, see iso 639-2 
+     when /Brazilian(?: Portuguese)?/i; 'Portugués de Brasil'                  # tag depreciated, see iso 639-2
      when /Portuguese/i;                'Portugués'
      when /Swedish/i;                   'Sueco'
      when /Danish/i;                    'Danés'
@@ -1258,13 +1258,13 @@ module SiSU_Translate
     end
     def language_list_translated
       lang=case @trans_str
-      when /American/i;                  'Inglese USA'                         # tag depreciated, see iso 639-2 
+      when /American/i;                  'Inglese USA'                         # tag depreciated, see iso 639-2
       when /English/i;                   'Inglese'
       when /French/i;                    'Francese'
       when /German/i;                    'Tedesco'
       when /Italian/i;                   'Italiano'
       when /Spanish/i;                   'Spagnolo'
-      when /Brazilian(?: Portuguese)?/i; 'Portoguese (Brasile)'                # tag depreciated, see iso 639-2 
+      when /Brazilian(?: Portuguese)?/i; 'Portoguese (Brasile)'                # tag depreciated, see iso 639-2
       when /Portuguese/i;                'Portoguese'
       when /Swedish/i;                   'Svedese'
       when /Danish/i;                    'Danese'
@@ -1457,13 +1457,13 @@ module SiSU_Translate
     end
     def language_list_translated
       lang=case @trans_str
-      when /American/i;                  'Amerikanenglanti'                    # tag depreciated, see iso 639-2 
+      when /American/i;                  'Amerikanenglanti'                    # tag depreciated, see iso 639-2
       when /English/i;                   'Englanti'
       when /French/i;                    'Ranska'
       when /German/i;                    'Saksa'
       when /Italian/i;                   'Italia'
       when /Spanish/i;                   'Espanja'
-      when /Brazilian(?: Portuguese)?/i; 'Brasilian portugali'                 # tag depreciated, see iso 639-2 
+      when /Brazilian(?: Portuguese)?/i; 'Brasilian portugali'                 # tag depreciated, see iso 639-2
       when /Portuguese/i;                'Portugali'
       when /Swedish/i;                   'Ruotsi'
       when /Danish/i;                    'Tanska'
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/manifest.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/manifest.rb
index 3bc04235..2d8066f9 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/manifest.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/manifest.rb
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -49,8 +49,8 @@
                   ralph.amissah@gmail.com
 =end
 module SiSU_Manifest
-  require SiSU_lib + '/sysenv'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/i18n'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/sysenv"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/i18n"
   include SiSU_Env
   include SiSU_Param
   include SiSU_Viz
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ module SiSU_Manifest
       def links(url,lnk,target)
         static=if url =~/^\.\//; url.gsub(/^\.(\.)?/,@base_url)
         elsif url =~/^\.\.\//;   url.gsub(/^\.(\.)?/,@env.url.root)
-        else                     url                            
+        else                     url
         end
         @manifest[:html] << %{<tr><th class="left"><p class="norm"><a href="#{url}">#{lnk}</a></p><p class="tiny"><a href="#{static}">#{static}</a></p></th></tr>\n}
       end
@@ -456,7 +456,7 @@ WOK
           @manifest[:html] <<<<WOK
 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
     "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
-<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">          
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
 <head>
 <title>
 SiSU manifest: #{@md.title}
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/odf.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/odf.rb
index bfa6d716..caf86a39 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/odf.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/odf.rb
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -49,14 +49,14 @@
                   ralph.amissah@gmail.com
 =end
 module SiSU_ODF
-  require SiSU_lib + '/dal'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/sysenv'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/dal"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/sysenv"
   include SiSU_Env
   include SiSU_Param
   include SiSU_Viz
-  require SiSU_lib + '/odf_format'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/odf_format"
   include OD_format
-  require SiSU_lib + '/shared_txt'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/shared_txt"
   @@alt_id_count,@@alt_id_count,@@tablehead,@@number_of_cols=0,0,0,0
   class Source
     require 'zlib'
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ module SiSU_ODF
     end
     private
     class Split_text_object <Source
-      require SiSU_lib + '/odf_format'
+      require "#{SiSU_lib}/odf_format"
       include SiSU_Viz
       include OD_format
       @@dp=nil
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ module SiSU_ODF
         #@format,@ocn=nil,nil
         @dp=@@dp ||=SiSU_Env::Info_env.new.digest.pattern
       end
-      def lev_segname_para_ocn 
+      def lev_segname_para_ocn
         @text=nil
         if @para =~/^(\d~|<:.+?>).+?<~(\d+);(?:\w|[0-6]:)\d+;\w\d+><#@dp:#@dp>$/
           if /^(([1-6])~(\S+))\s+(\S.+?)<~(\d+);(?:\w|[0-6]:)\d+;\w\d+><#@dp:#@dp>$/m.match(@para)
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ module SiSU_ODF
           elsif  /^(([1-6])~)\s+(\S.+?)<~(\d+);(?:\w|[0-6]:)\d+;\w\d+><#@dp:#@dp>$/m.match(@para)
             @format,@lev,@text,@ocn=$1,$2,$3,$4
           elsif /<:(.+?)>\s*(\S.+?)<~(\d+);(?:\w|[0-6]:)\d+;\w\d+><#@dp:#@dp>$/m.match(@para)
-            @format,@text,@ocn=$1,$2,$3,$4
+            @format,@text,@ocn=$1,$2,$3
           elsif /^(([1-6])~(\S+))\s+(\S.+?)<~(\d+);(?:\w|[0-6]:)\d+;[um]\d+><#@dp:#@dp>$/m.match(@para)
             @@alt_id_count+=1
             @format,@lev,segname,@text,@ocn=$1,$2,$3,$4,"x#{@@alt_id_count}"
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ module SiSU_ODF
       end
     end
     class Scroll <Source
-      require SiSU_lib + '/shared_txt'
+      require "#{SiSU_lib}/shared_txt"
       @@img_count=0
       @@odf={ :body=>[],:open=>[],:close=>[],:head=>[],:metadata=>[],:tail=>[],:endnotes=>[] }
       @@docstart=true
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ module SiSU_ODF
           if n =~/<br(?: \/)?>/
             fix=n.split(/<br(?: \/)?>/) #watch #added
             fix.each do |x|
-              if x =~/\S+/; @n << x 
+              if x =~/\S+/; @n << x
               end
             end
           else              @n << n
@@ -228,13 +228,13 @@ module SiSU_ODF
         # divide pixel dimension by 37.79485 and retain 3 decimal places
         # x=str.scan(/(aa[^a]+)/)
         m,u=img[1],img[2]
-        i=/^(\S+?\.(?:png|jpg|gif))/.match(m).captures if m =~/^(\S+?\.(?:png|jpg|gif))/
-        c=/^\S+?\.(?:png|jpg|gif)\s+.+?"(.*?)"/.match(m).captures if m =~/^\S+?\.(?:png|jpg|gif)\s+.+?"(.*?)"/
-        w,h=/(\d+)x(\d+)/.match(m).captures if m =~/\d+x\d+/     
+        i=/^(\S+?\.(?:png|jpg|gif))/.match(m).captures.join if m =~/^(\S+?\.(?:png|jpg|gif))/
+        c=/^\S+?\.(?:png|jpg|gif)\s+.+?"(.*?)"/.match(m).captures.join if m =~/^\S+?\.(?:png|jpg|gif)\s+.+?"(.*?)"/
+        w,h=/(\d+)x(\d+)/.match(m).captures if m =~/\d+x\d+/
         w=(w.to_i/37.79485).to_s
         h=(h.to_i/37.79485).to_s
-        h=/([0-9]+\.\d{0,3})/.match(h).captures
-        w=/([0-9]+\.\d{0,3})/.match(w).captures
+        h=/([0-9]+\.\d{0,3})/.match(h).captures.join
+        w=/([0-9]+\.\d{0,3})/.match(w).captures.join
         image_source=image_src(i)
         pwd=Dir.pwd
         cp("#{image_source}/#{i}","#{@env.path.odf}/Pictures/#{i}") if image_source
@@ -267,7 +267,7 @@ module SiSU_ODF
       def text_link(para)
         para.gsub!(@serial,'')
         m=para.scan(/(\{([^}]+?)\}((?:https?|ftp)\S+))/) #sort
-        if m 
+        if m
           m.each do |i|
             txt,url=i[1],i[2]
             txt.gsub!(/([)(\]\[])/,"\\\\\\1")
@@ -289,7 +289,7 @@ module SiSU_ODF
           %{<text:p text:style-name="P2">#{para}</text:p>}
         when /^<:i2>\s/m; para.gsub!(/^<:i2>\s/m,'')
           %{<text:p text:style-name="P3">#{para}</text:p>}
-        else %{<text:p text:style-name="P1">#{para}</text:p>} #%{<text:p text:style-name="Standard">#{para}</text:p>} 
+        else %{<text:p text:style-name="P1">#{para}</text:p>} #%{<text:p text:style-name="Standard">#{para}</text:p>}
         end
         para=par #+ %{<text:p text:style-name="Standard"/>}
       end
@@ -398,7 +398,7 @@ module SiSU_ODF
         elsif para =~ /<:code(?:-end)?>/
           @@odf[:body] << code(para)
           @@odf[:body] << @br*2
-        elsif para =~ /<!Th?/ #elsif para =~ /<!Th?¡/ 
+        elsif para =~ /<!Th?/ #elsif para =~ /<!Th?¡/
           @@odf[:body] << table(para)
           @@odf[:body] << @br*2
         else
@@ -420,8 +420,8 @@ module SiSU_ODF
         dir=SiSU_Env::Info_env.new(@md.fns)
         @data_mod,@endnotes,@level,@cont,@copen,@odf_contents_close=Array.new(6){[]}
         @rcdc=false
-        (0..6).each { |x| @cont[x]=@level[x]=false } 
-        (4..6).each { |x| @odf_contents_close[x]='' } 
+        (0..6).each { |x| @cont[x]=@level[x]=false }
+        (4..6).each { |x| @odf_contents_close[x]='' }
         odf_tail #($1,$2)
         fix=[]
         bullet=image_src('bullet_red.png')
@@ -456,11 +456,11 @@ module SiSU_ODF
           para.gsub!(/<u>(.+?)<\/u>/,'<text:span text:style-name="T3">\1</text:span>')
           para.gsub!(/<sup>(.+?)<\/sup>/,'<text:span text:style-name="T4">\1</text:span>')
           para.gsub!(/<sub>(.+?)<\/sub>/,'<text:span text:style-name="T5">\1</text:span>')
-          para.gsub!(/`/,"'")   
-          para.gsub!(/­/,'-')   
-          para.gsub!(/·/,'*')   
-          para.gsub!(/[“”]/,'""')   
-          para.gsub!(/[­–—]/,'-')   #— – chk 
+          para.gsub!(/`/,"'")
+          para.gsub!(/­/,'-')
+          para.gsub!(/·/,'*')
+          para.gsub!(/[“”]/,'""')
+          para.gsub!(/[­–—]/,'-')   #— – chk
           para.gsub!(/ < /i,'&#060;')
           para.gsub!(/\\copy(?:right)?\b/,'&#169;')
           para.gsub!(/\\trademark\b|\\tm\b/,'&#174;')
@@ -477,7 +477,7 @@ module SiSU_ODF
           #para.gsub!(/&nbsp;/,' ')                                            # decide on
           #para.gsub!(/\{(\S+?\.(?:png|jpg)) .+?\}(?:http:\/\/\S+|image)/,"    [ \\1 ]") #"[ #{@env.url.images_local}\/\\1 ]")
           #para.gsub!(/<!TZ.+/,'')
-          #para.gsub!(/^<!T.+/,"#@br[table: ] <~#>"); 
+          #para.gsub!(/^<!T.+/,"#@br[table: ] <~#>");
           #p para if para =~safe_characters and @md.cmd =~/M/ #KEEP
           #para.gsub!(/^(\{\S+?\.(?:png|jpg)\s+.+?"(.*?)"\s*\}\S+)/,"\\1 \n [image: \"\\2\"]")
           wordlist=para.scan(/\S+/)
@@ -488,7 +488,7 @@ module SiSU_ODF
 	          end
           end
           @rcdc=true if @rcdc==false and (para =~/~metadata/ or para =~/1~\s+Document Information/)
-          if para !~/(^0~|<ENDNOTES>|<EOF>)/ 
+          if para !~/(^0~|<ENDNOTES>|<EOF>)/
             if para =~@regx #/.+?<~\d+;\w\d+;\w\d+>.*/ #watch change
               paranum=para[@regx,3]
               @p_num=OD_format::Paragraph_number.new(paranum)
@@ -506,7 +506,7 @@ module SiSU_ODF
                   para
                 when /^(3)~(?:(\S+))?/; odf_structure(para,$1,@sto.ocn,$2)
                   para
-                when /^(4)~(\S+)/;      odf_structure(para,$1,@sto.ocn,$2) 
+                when /^(4)~(\S+)/;      odf_structure(para,$1,@sto.ocn,$2)
                   # work on see SiSU_text_parts::Split_text_object
                   para
                 when /^(5)~(?:(\S+))?/; odf_structure(para,$1,@sto.ocn,$2)
@@ -564,7 +564,7 @@ module SiSU_ODF
               end
             else
               if para =~ /^(4)~(\S+)/
-                odf_structure(para,$1,@sto.ocn,$2) 
+                odf_structure(para,$1,@sto.ocn,$2)
                 para
               elsif para =~/<~(\d+);m\d+;[mdv]\d+><#@dp:#@dp>$/
                 odf_structure(para,nil,nil,nil) #watch may be problematic
@@ -647,7 +647,7 @@ module SiSU_ODF
         content << @@odf[:metadata]
         content << @@odf[:owner_details] if @md.stmp =~/\w+/ #not used?
         content << @@odf[:tail]
-        Output.new(content.to_s,@md).odf
+        Output.new(content,@md).odf
         @@odf[:head],@@odf[:body],@@odf[:tail],@@odf[:metadata]=[],[],[],[]
       end
     end
@@ -663,14 +663,8 @@ module SiSU_ODF
         #filename_odf=SiSU_Env::SiSU_file.new(@md,'content.xml').mkfile
         filename="#{@env.path.odf}/content.xml"
         od=File.new(filename,'w+')
-        @sisu=[]
         @content.each do |para|                                                # this is a hack
-          if para =~/^\S/
-            if para !~/^([*=-]|\.){5}/; od.puts para           #unix odf
-            else                        od.puts para           #unix odf
-            end
-          else od.puts para # if para =~/^\s/
-          end
+          od.puts para unless para =~/\A\s*\Z/
         end
         od.close
         opendoc=@md.fn[:odf]
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/odf_format.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/odf_format.rb
index edb202d8..5e348947 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/odf_format.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/odf_format.rb
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@
                   ralph.amissah@gmail.com
 =end
 module OD_format
-  require SiSU_lib + '/param'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/param"
   include SiSU_Param
   include SiSU_Viz
   class Paragraph_number
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ module OD_format
       @parablock='' if @parablock =~/^<!$/
       @parablock.gsub!(/<~\d+;(?:\w|[0-6]:)\d+;\w\d+><#@dp:#@dp>/,'')
       m=@parablock[/<!f(.+?)!>/,1]
-      @@tablefoot << m if m 
+      @@tablefoot << m if m
       @parablock.gsub!(/<!f.+?!>/,'')
       @@tablehead=1 if @parablock =~/<!Th¡/
       @@table_counter+=1  if @parablock =~/<!Th?¡/
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ module OD_format
           if @parablock =~/<!¡¡(\d+?)¡/
             @parablock.gsub!(/<!¡¡(\d+?)¡/,table_row($1,true))
           end
-          if @parablock =~/¡¡(\d+?)¡/ 
+          if @parablock =~/¡¡(\d+?)¡/
             @parablock.gsub!(/¡¡(\d+?)¡/,table_cell($1,true))
           end
           if @parablock =~/!>/
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/options.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/options.rb
index b253aab1..23b48d3e 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/options.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/options.rb
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@
 
 =end
 module SiSU_commandline
-  require SiSU_lib + '/sysenv'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/sysenv"
   class Options
     attr_accessor :cmd,:mod,:files,:fns,:fnb,:what
     def initialize(a)
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ module SiSU_commandline
           if FileTest.file?(x); f << x
           else  puts "file not found: #{x}"
           end
-        else w=x 
+        else w=x
           puts "#{x} in #{a.join(' ')}?"
         end
       end
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/param.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/param.rb
index eb99d15b..ecf5ca25 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/param.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/param.rb
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -50,10 +50,10 @@ module SiSU_Param
   require 'uri'
   require 'pstore'
   require 'ftools'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/sysenv'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/sysenv"
   include SiSU_Env
-  require SiSU_lib + '/param_identify_markup'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/help'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/param_identify_markup"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/help"
   include SiSU_Help
   @@date=SiSU_Env::Info_date.new
   @@symlnk=Create_system_link.new
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ module SiSU_Param
         if File.exist?(@pstorefile)
           param_msg='Parameters from pstore'
           store=PStore.new(@pstorefile)
-          store.transaction do |s| 
+          store.transaction do |s|
             @md=s['md']
             s.commit
           end
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ module SiSU_Param
       protected
       def determine_papersize(l)
         l=case l
-        when /eu|europe|uk/i;           'A4'                 #European default, SiSU default 
+        when /eu|europe|uk/i;           'A4'                 #European default, SiSU default
         when /(?:us-)?legal|legal/i;    'US_legal'           #U.S. alternative
         when /(?:us-)?letter|u.s.|us/i; 'US_letter'          #U.S. default
         when /book_a5|a5/i;             'book_a5'
@@ -230,7 +230,7 @@ module SiSU_Param
         fns_array.each do |par|                                                                     #% Scan document
           para=par.gsub(/\n/,' ')
           if para !~/^\%+\s/ and para =~/<![abcdeghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz]/i # <!f not included
-            raise "Old markup style in file #@fns, current version #{@sisu_version[:project]} #{@sisu_version[:version]} #{@sisu_version[:date_stamp]} #{@sisu_version[:date]}:\n\t\t#{para}\n\n" 
+            raise "Old markup style in file #@fns, current version #{@sisu_version[:project]} #{@sisu_version[:version]} #{@sisu_version[:date_stamp]} #{@sisu_version[:date]}:\n\t\t#{para}\n\n"
           end
 	        regx_header=/^(?:0~|@\S+?:[+-]?\s)/
           if para =~regx_header #or para=~/^(?:1|:?A)~/
@@ -275,7 +275,7 @@ module SiSU_Param
             when /^(?:0~publisher|@publisher:)\s+(.+?)$/m                                           #% metainfo DC
               @dc_publisher=$1
             when /^(?:0~|@)date.+?$/m                                                               #% metainfo DC
-              if para =~/(?:0~date|@date:)\s+(.+?)$/m 
+              if para =~/(?:0~date|@date:)\s+(.+?)$/m
                 @dc_date=$1.strip
                 if @dc_date !~regx_date and not @dc_date.empty?
                   tell=SiSU_Screen::Ansi.new(@cmd,'Date Format should be','YYYY-MM-DD','please correct document','Date','field, current value:',@dc_date)
@@ -283,7 +283,7 @@ module SiSU_Param
                 end
                 @date_scheme='scheme="ISO-8601"' if @dc_date =~/\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}/
               end
-              if para =~/(?:0~date\.created|@date\.created:)\s*(.+?)$/m 
+              if para =~/(?:0~date\.created|@date\.created:)\s*(.+?)$/m
                 date=$1.strip
                 if date !~regx_date and not date.empty?
                   tell=SiSU_Screen::Ansi.new(@cmd,'Date Format should be','YYYY-MM-DD','please correct document','Date','field, current value:',date)
@@ -292,7 +292,7 @@ module SiSU_Param
                 @dc_date_created=date
                 @date_created_scheme='scheme="ISO-8601"' if date =~/\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}/
               end
-              if para =~/(?:0~date\.issued|@date\.issued:)\s*(.+?)$/m 
+              if para =~/(?:0~date\.issued|@date\.issued:)\s*(.+?)$/m
                 date=$1.strip
                 if date !~regx_date and not date.empty?
                   tell=SiSU_Screen::Ansi.new(@cmd,'Date Format should be','YYYY-MM-DD','please correct document','Date','field, current value:',date)
@@ -301,7 +301,7 @@ module SiSU_Param
                 @dc_date_issued=date
                 @date_issued_scheme='scheme="ISO-8601"' if date =~/\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}/
               end
-              if para =~/(?:0~date\.available|@date\.available:)\s*(.+?)$/m 
+              if para =~/(?:0~date\.available|@date\.available:)\s*(.+?)$/m
                 date=$1.strip
                 if date !~regx_date and not date.empty?
                   tell=SiSU_Screen::Ansi.new(@cmd,'Date Format should be','YYYY-MM-DD','please correct document','Date','field, current value:',date)
@@ -310,7 +310,7 @@ module SiSU_Param
                 @dc_date_available=date
                 @date_available_scheme='scheme="ISO-8601"' if date =~/\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}/
               end
-              if para =~/^(?:0~date\.valid|@date\.valid:)\s*(.+?)$/m 
+              if para =~/^(?:0~date\.valid|@date\.valid:)\s*(.+?)$/m
                 date=$1.strip
                 if date !~regx_date and not date.empty?
                   tell=SiSU_Screen::Ansi.new(@cmd,'Date Format should be','YYYY-MM-DD','please correct document','Date','field, current value:',date)
@@ -332,7 +332,7 @@ module SiSU_Param
             when /^(?:0~format|@format:)\s+(.+?)$/m;         @dc_format=$1                          #% metainfo DC
             when /^(?:0~identifier|@identifier:)\s+(.+?)$/m; @dc_identifier=$1                      #% metainfo DC
             when /^(?:0~source|@source:)\s+(.+?)$/m;         @dc_source=$1                          #% metainfo DC
-            when /^(?:0~language(?:\.document)?|@language(?:\.document)?:)\s+(.+?)$/m               #% metainfo DC 
+            when /^(?:0~language(?:\.document)?|@language(?:\.document)?:)\s+(.+?)$/m               #% metainfo DC
               x=$1.strip
               lang=SiSU_Env::Standardise_language.new(x.dup)
               @dc_language[:code]=lang.code
@@ -355,26 +355,20 @@ module SiSU_Param
             when /^(?:0~abstract|@abstract)\s+(.+?)$/m;      @abstract=$1                           #% metainfo DC
             when /^(?:0~tags?|@tags?:)\s+\S/m                                                       #% metainfo
               tags=par.match(/^(?:0~tags?|@tags?:)\s+(.+)$/m)[1]
-              tags.split(/,|$/).each do |tag| 
+              tags.split(/,|$/).each do |tag|
                 tag.strip!
                 @tags << tag
                 @tag_array << tag.split(/:/)
-                tag_a = tag.downcase.gsub(/\s+/,'_').gsub(/(.+)/,'[\1]')
+                tag_a=tag.downcase.gsub(/\s+/,'_').gsub(/(.+)/,'[\1]')
                 tag_a=tag_a.split(/:/).join('][')
                 @tag_a << tag_a
               end
             when /^(?:0~catalogue|@catalogue:)\s+(.+)?$/m                                           #% metainfo
               m=$1
-              m.split(/;?\s+/) #spaces within a catalogue category not permitted, e.g. isbn
-              #tags=par.match(/^(?:0~tags?|@tags?:)\s+(.+)$/im)[1]
-              m.each do |c|
-                case c
-                when /pg=/; @cls_pg=c.match(/pg=(\S+)/)[1]
-                when /isbn=/; @cls_isbn=c.match(/isbn=(\S+)/)[1]
-                when /dewey=/; @cls_dewey=c.match(/dewey=(\S+)/)[1]
-                when /loc=/; @cls_loc=c.match(/loc=(\S+)/)[1]
-                end
-              end
+              @cls_pg=m.match(/pg=(\S+)/)[1] if m =~/pg=/
+              @cls_isbn=m.match(/isbn=(\S+)/)[1] if m =~/isbn=/
+              @cls_dewey=m.match(/dewey=(\S+)/)[1] if m =~/dewey=/
+              @cls_loc=m.match(/loc=(\S+)/)[1] if m =~/loc=/
             when /^(?:0~class(?:ify)?_loc|@class(?:ify)?_loc:)\s+(.+?)$/m;             @cls_loc=$1  #% metainfo
             when /^(?:0~class(?:ify)?_dewey|@class(?:ify)?_dewey:)\s+(.+?)$/m;         @cls_dewey=$1 #% metainfo
             when /^(?:0~class(?:ify)?_pg|@class(?:ify)?_pg)\s+(.+?)$/m;                @cls_pg=$1   #% metainfo
@@ -383,6 +377,7 @@ module SiSU_Param
             when /^(?:0~(?:toc|structure)|@(?:toc|structure):)\s+(.+?)$/m                           #% processing
               doc_toc_str=$1
               @toc=doc_toc_str.split(/;\s*/)
+              @toc=[ @toc ] if @toc == String
               #@toc.each {|x| x.gsub!(/\{/,'\{') } #FIX~
               lv1=@toc[0] ||='1~ '                                        #some arbitrary changes made
               @lv1=/^#{lv1}\b/
@@ -400,9 +395,10 @@ module SiSU_Param
               if para =~/(?:0~|@)(?:markup|level|page):?\s+(.+?)$/m
                 page_break_str=$1
                 pagebreaks=page_break_str.split(/;\s*/)
+                #pagebreaks=[ pagebreaks ] if pagebreaks == String
                 page_new,page_break,num_top=toc_lev_limit=nil
                 pagebreaks.each do |x|
-                  page_new = x[/(:?[\dA-C],?)+/] if x=~/new|clear/ 
+                  page_new = x[/(:?[\dA-C],?)+/] if x=~/new|clear/
                   page_break = x[/(:?[\dA-C],?)+/] if x =~/break/
                   num_top = x[/:?[\dA-C]/].to_i if x =~/num_top/
                   toc_lev_limit = x[/:?[\dA-C]/].to_i if x =~/toc_limit/
@@ -456,13 +452,14 @@ module SiSU_Param
               if doc_links_str=~/\{.+?\}(?:(?:https?|ftp):\/|\.\.)\/\S+(?:\s|$)/
                 doc_links=doc_links_str.scan(/\{.+?\}(?:(?:https?|ftp):\/|\.\.)\/\S+/)
                 count=1
-                doc_links.each do |x| 
+                doc_links.each do |x|
                   @lnk[count]={}
                   @lnk[count][:say],@lnk[count][:url]=/\{\s*(.+?)\s*\}((?:(?:https?|ftp):\/|\.\.)\/\S+)/im.match(x)[1,2]
                   count +=1
                 end
               else
                 lnks=doc_links_str.split(/;\s+/)
+                #lnks=[ lnks ] if lnks == String
                 count=1
                 lnks.each do |x|
                   @lnk[count]={}
@@ -501,7 +498,7 @@ module SiSU_Param
                 filename,vnumber,date,time,operator=contains.match(ver).captures
                 @sc_filename,@sc_number,@sc_date,@sc_time=filename,vnumber,date,time
               end
-              @sc_info=true if para[/(?:0~(?:rcs|cvs)|@(?:rcs|cvs):)\+/] 
+              @sc_info=true if para[/(?:0~(?:rcs|cvs)|@(?:rcs|cvs):)\+/]
             when /^@base_program:\s+(.+?)$/;                   @base_program=$1                                       #% processing
               #% break - break, not necessary to process headers further :-) but necessary to extract endnotes etc. ;-(
             end
@@ -514,10 +511,10 @@ module SiSU_Param
             if @dc_creator
               @dc_rights ||=if @dc_date =~/([12][890]\d{2})/                     #matches years 1800 through 20\d\d 2004w19
                 ('Copyright ' + @dc_creator) + ' ' + $1
-              else 'Copyright ' + @dc_creator 
+              else 'Copyright ' + @dc_creator
               end
             end
-          else                                                                   #% 
+          else                                                                   #%
             if para =~ /^(?:1|:?A)~/                                                                      #% processing
               if para=~/^:?A~/
                 if @markup.nil? or @markup.empty?;  @markup=@markup_version.to_s
@@ -584,7 +581,7 @@ module SiSU_Param
           translated=[]
           translate_list=[@pagenew,@pagebreak,@num_top,@toc_lev_limit]
           translate_list.each do |t|
-            translate = t.to_s if t
+            translate=t.to_s if t
             translated << if translate
               #translate.gsub!(/6/,'9')
               #translate.gsub!(/5/,'8')
@@ -627,7 +624,7 @@ module SiSU_Param
             end
           end
         end
-        @dc_publisher ||= "#@@publisher (this copy)" 
+        @dc_publisher ||= "#@@publisher (this copy)"
         fn_set_lang=SiSU_Env::Standardise_language.new.file_to_language(@fns)
         unless @dc_language[:code] and @dc_language[:name]
           lang=@env.i18n.language #default language settings for directory by name, or in sysrc.yml
@@ -748,7 +745,7 @@ module SiSU_Param
           tell.txt_grey if @cmd =~/v/
         end
         @data=nil                                                                #else whole file's contents are stored in md pstore & is not required to be... big waste actually
-        Store.new(self,@env).store                                           #% pstore 
+        Store.new(self,@env).store                                           #% pstore
         self
       end
       private
@@ -762,8 +759,8 @@ module SiSU_Param
           tell=SiSU_Screen::Ansi.new(@md.cmd,"PStore -> #@pstorefile")
           tell.txt_grey if @md.cmd =~/v/
           store=PStore.new(@pstorefile)
-          store.transaction do |s| 
-            s['md']=@md 
+          store.transaction do |s|
+            s['md']=@md
             #doc.each{|x,y| puts "#{x}, #{y}; "}
             s.commit
           end
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/param_identify_markup.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/param_identify_markup.rb
index cba6d39d..673993bc 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/param_identify_markup.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/param_identify_markup.rb
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
     http://www.fsf.org/licenses/gpl.html
     http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html
     http://www.jus.uio.no/sisu/gpl2.fsf
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -53,9 +53,9 @@ module SiSU_Markup
     def identify
       @version_determined,@version_declared,@declared_doc_type=@@version_determined,@@version_declared,@@declared_doc_type
       if @opt.fns != @@fns
-        if @cont[0] =~ /^(?:%\s+)?SiSU\s+(text|master|insert)\s+([0-9](?:\.[0-9]+){1,2})/ or @cont[0] =~ /^(?:%\s+)?sisu-([0-9](?:\.[0-9]+){1,2})/ 
+        if @cont[0] =~ /^(?:%\s+)?SiSU\s+(text|master|insert)\s+([0-9](?:\.[0-9]+){1,2})/ or @cont[0] =~ /^(?:%\s+)?sisu-([0-9](?:\.[0-9]+){1,2})/
           @declared_doc_type,@version_declared=$1,$2
-        elsif @cont[0] =~ /^(?:%\s+)?SiSU\s+([0-9](?:\.[0-9]+){1,2})/ or @cont[0] =~ /^(?:%\s+)?sisu-([0-9](?:\.[0-9]+){1,2})/ 
+        elsif @cont[0] =~ /^(?:%\s+)?SiSU\s+([0-9](?:\.[0-9]+){1,2})/ or @cont[0] =~ /^(?:%\s+)?sisu-([0-9](?:\.[0-9]+){1,2})/
           @version_declared=$1
         end
         @flag_38=false
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/plaintext.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/plaintext.rb
index eb43dfa8..c39cba14 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/plaintext.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/plaintext.rb
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -49,14 +49,14 @@
                   ralph.amissah@gmail.com
 =end
 module SiSU_Plaintext
-  require SiSU_lib + '/dal'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/sysenv'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/dal"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/sysenv"
   include SiSU_Env
   include SiSU_Param
   include SiSU_Viz
-  require SiSU_lib + '/plaintext_format'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/plaintext_format"
   include Format
-  require SiSU_lib + '/shared_txt'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/shared_txt"
   pwd=Dir.pwd
   @@alt_id_count,@@alt_id_count,@@tablehead,@@number_of_cols=0,0,0,0
   @@tablefoot=''
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ module SiSU_Plaintext
     end
     private
     class Split_text_object <Source
-      require SiSU_lib + '/plaintext_format'
+      require "#{SiSU_lib}/plaintext_format"
       include SiSU_Viz
       include Format
       @@alt_id_count=0
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ module SiSU_Plaintext
         @format,@ocn='null','null'
         @dp=@@dp ||=SiSU_Env::Info_env.new.digest.pattern
       end
-      def lev_segname_para_ocn 
+      def lev_segname_para_ocn
         @text=nil
         if @para =~/^(\d~|<:.+?>).+?<~(\d+);(?:\w|[0-6]:)\d+;\w\d+><#@dp:#@dp>$/
           if /^(([1-6])~(\S+))\s+(\S.+?)<~(\d+);(?:\w|[0-6]:)\d+;\w\d+><#@dp:#@dp>$/m.match(@para)
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ module SiSU_Plaintext
           elsif  /^(([1-6])~)\s+(\S.+?)<~(\d+);(?:\w|[0-6]:)\d+;\w\d+><#@dp:#@dp>$/m.match(@para)
             @format,@lev,@text,@ocn=$1,$2,$3,$4
           elsif /<:(.+?)>\s*(\S.+?)<~(\d+);(?:\w|[0-6]:)\d+;\w\d+><#@dp:#@dp>$/m.match(@para)
-            @format,@text,@ocn=$1,$2,$3,$4
+            @format,@text,@ocn=$1,$2,$3
           elsif /^(([1-6])~(\S+))\s+(\S.+?)<~(\d+);(?:\w|[0-6]:)\d+;[um]\d+><#@dp:#@dp>$/m.match(@para)
             @@alt_id_count+=1
             @format,@lev,segname,@text,@ocn=$1,$2,$3,$4,"x#{@@alt_id_count}"
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ module SiSU_Plaintext
       end
     end
     class Scroll <Source
-      require SiSU_lib + '/shared_txt'
+      require "#{SiSU_lib}/shared_txt"
       include SiSU_text_utils
       @@endnotes_para=[]
       @@plaintext={ :body=>[],:open=>[],:close=>[],:head=>[],:metadata=>[],:tail=>[],:endnotes=>[] }
@@ -184,14 +184,14 @@ module SiSU_Plaintext
           if n =~/<br(?: \/)?>/
             fix = n.split(/<br(?: \/)?>/) #watch #added
             fix.each do |x|
-              unless x.empty?; @n << x 
+              unless x.empty?; @n << x
               end
             end
           else                 @n << n
           end
         end
         notes=@n.flatten
-        notes.each do |e| 
+        notes.each do |e|
           util=if e.to_s =~/^\[[\d*+]+\]:/; SiSU_text_utils::Wrap.new(e.to_s,70,4,1)
           else                              SiSU_text_utils::Wrap.new(e.to_s,70,1,1)
           end
@@ -285,7 +285,7 @@ WOK
         end
         if @@endnotes_para and @@dostype =~/footnote/ #edit out to switch off endnotes following paragraph to which they belong
           @@plaintext[:body] << @br
-          @@endnotes_para.each {|e| @@plaintext[:body] << e << @br} 
+          @@endnotes_para.each {|e| @@plaintext[:body] << e << @br}
         elsif @@endnotes_para and @@dostype =~/endnote/
           @@plaintext[:body] << @br*2
         end
@@ -295,24 +295,11 @@ WOK
         data=@data
         dir=SiSU_Env::Info_env.new(@md.fns)
         @data_mod,@endnotes,@level,@cont,@copen,@plaintext_contents_close=Array.new(6){[]}
-        (0..6).each { |x| @cont[x]=@level[x]=false } 
-        (4..6).each { |x| @plaintext_contents_close[x]='' } 
+        (0..6).each { |x| @cont[x]=@level[x]=false }
+        (4..6).each { |x| @plaintext_contents_close[x]='' }
         plaintext_tail #($1,$2)
         table_message='[table omitted, see other document formats]'
         fix=[]
-        #data.each do |para| #high cost to deal with <br> appropriately within plaintext, consider
-        #  para=para.dup
-        #  if para =~/<br(?: \/)?>/
-        #    puts para
-        #    fix = para.split(/<br(?: \/)?>/) #watch #added
-        #    fix.each do |x|
-        #      if x =~/\S+/; @data_mod << x
-        #      end
-        #    end
-        #  else              @data_mod << para
-        #  end
-        #end
-        #data=@data_mod.flatten
         data.each do |para|
           para.gsub!(/<!Th?¡.+/m,"#@br#{table_message}")
           para.gsub!(/.+?<-#>/,'')                                           # remove dummy headings (used by html) #check
@@ -438,13 +425,13 @@ WOK
         content << @@plaintext[:open]
         content << @@plaintext[:head]
         content << @@plaintext[:body]
-        content << @@plaintext[:endnotes] if @@dostype =~/endnotes/ 
+        content << @@plaintext[:endnotes] if @@dostype =~/endnotes/
         content << "#@br#{divider*70}#@br"
         content << @@plaintext[:metadata]
         content << "#@br#{divider*70}#@br" if @md.stmp =~/\w+/ #not used?
         content << @@plaintext[:owner_details] if @md.stmp =~/\w+/ #not used?
         content << @@plaintext[:tail]
-        Output.new(content.to_s,@md).plaintext
+        Output.new(content,@md).plaintext
         @@plaintext[:head],@@plaintext[:body],@@plaintext[:tail],@@plaintext[:metadata]=[],[],[],[]
       end
     end
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/plaintext_format.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/plaintext_format.rb
index 9ceb3867..c44c5a06 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/plaintext_format.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/plaintext_format.rb
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@
                   ralph.amissah@gmail.com
 =end
 module Format
-  require SiSU_lib + '/param'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/param"
   include SiSU_Param
   include SiSU_Viz
   class Paragraph_number
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/relaxng.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/relaxng.rb
index b68747a5..cb79773d 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/relaxng.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/relaxng.rb
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@
                   ralph.amissah@gmail.com
 =end
 module SiSU_relaxng
-  require SiSU_lib + '/sysenv'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/sysenv"
   class RelaxNG
     def gpl2_or_later
       @gpl2_or_later =<<RELAXNG
@@ -87,11 +87,11 @@ module SiSU_relaxng
  # SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
  # SiSU uses:
- # 
+ #
  #   Standard SiSU markup syntax,
  #   Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
  #   Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
- # 
+ #
  # © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
  # All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -252,7 +252,7 @@ element-head =
   }
 # body text/contents
 # includes <b> <i> <u> <del> <ins> <indent1> <bullet> etc.
-element-txt = 
+element-txt =
   element txt {
     text*
     & element b { text }*
@@ -397,7 +397,7 @@ element-head =
   }
 # body text/contents
 # includes <b> <i> <u> <del> <ins> <indent1> <bullet> etc.
-element-txt = 
+element-txt =
   element txt {
     text*
     & element b { text }*
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/remote_put.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/remote_put.rb
index 19bfbe80..1d7c303a 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/remote_put.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/remote_put.rb
@@ -35,26 +35,26 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
  * Notes: this operation should probably be threaded & run at its own pace,
      independent of rest of program
-     primary problem will be with notification of progress, 
+     primary problem will be with notification of progress,
      implement naively to start with
  * Ralph Amissah: ralph@amissah.com
                   ralph.amissah@gmail.com
 =end
 module SiSU_Remote
-  require SiSU_lib + '/sysenv'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/sysenv"
   include SiSU_Env
   pwd=Dir.pwd
-  class Put 
+  class Put
     def initialize(opt)
       @opt=opt
       @dir=SiSU_Env::Info_env.new(@opt.fns)
@@ -63,22 +63,22 @@ module SiSU_Remote
       end
       @remote=SiSU_Env::Info_remote.new(@opt)
     end
-    def scp 
+    def scp
       tell=SiSU_Screen::Ansi.new(@opt.cmd,'Remote placement ->',@put)
       tell.dark_grey_title_hi unless @opt.cmd =~/q/
       @remote.scp
     end
-    def rsync 
+    def rsync
       tell=SiSU_Screen::Ansi.new(@opt.cmd,'Remote placement ->',@put)
       tell.dark_grey_title_hi unless @opt.cmd =~/q/
       @remote.rsync
     end
-    def scp_base 
+    def scp_base
       tell=SiSU_Screen::Ansi.new(@opt.cmd,'Remote placement of base site ->','excluding images')
       tell.dark_grey_title_hi unless @opt.cmd =~/q/
       @remote.scp_base
     end
-    def scp_base_all 
+    def scp_base_all
       tell=SiSU_Screen::Ansi.new(@opt.cmd,'Remote placement ->','complete')
       tell.dark_grey_title_hi unless @opt.cmd =~/q/
       @remote.scp_base_all
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/response.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/response.rb
index 7748343f..dfe040d0 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/response.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/response.rb
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@
     http://www.fsf.org/licenses/gpl.html
     http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html
     http://www.jus.uio.no/sisu/gpl2.fsf
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ module SiSU_Response
       ans=if response == 'yes'; true
       elsif response == 'no'; false
       elsif response =~/^quit|exit$/; exit
-      else puts "[please type: 'yes', 'no' or 'quit']" 
+      else puts "[please type: 'yes', 'no' or 'quit']"
         answer?(ask)
       end
       ans
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/rexml.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/rexml.rb
index cfedaed9..960b1682 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/rexml.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/rexml.rb
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -51,10 +51,10 @@
 module SiSU_Rexml
   # load XML file for REXML parsing
   require 'rexml/document' if FileTest.directory?("#{Config::CONFIG['rubylibdir']}/rexml") #Config::CONFIG['sitedir']
-  require SiSU_lib + '/param'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/param"
   include SiSU_Param
   include SiSU_Viz
-  require SiSU_lib + '/sysenv'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/sysenv"
   include SiSU_Env
   class Rexml
     require 'rexml/document' if FileTest.directory?("#{Config::CONFIG['rubylibdir']}/rexml") #Config::CONFIG['sitedir']
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ module SiSU_Rexml
       @prog=SiSU_Env::Info_program.new #(md.fns) #if md
       if File.file?"#{@env.path.output}/#{@md.fnb}/#@fno"
         @fnap="#{@env.path.output}/#{@md.fnb}/#@fno" #index.xml causes problems with index.html in server config
-      elsif File.file?"#{Dir.pwd}/#@fno" 
+      elsif File.file?"#{Dir.pwd}/#@fno"
         @fnap="#{Dir.pwd}/#@fno"
       end
       @e_head='/document/head'
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/screen_text_color.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/screen_text_color.rb
index 7fe6b39d..cbe19ef3 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/screen_text_color.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/screen_text_color.rb
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -198,10 +198,10 @@ module SiSU_Screen
       %{\t   #{@cX.orange}Rescued#{@cX.off} #{@cX.grey}An#{@cX.off} #{@cX.fuschia}ERROR#{@cX.off} #{@cX.grey}occurred, message:"#{@cX.off} #{@cX.fuschia}#{@txt[0]}#{@cX.off} #{@cX.grey}#{@txt[1]}#{@cX.off} #{@cX.brown}#{@txt[2]}#{@cX.off}}
     end
     def warn
-      puts "\t  #{@cX.brown}#{@txt[0]}#{@cX.off} #{@cX.grey}#{@txt[1]}#{@cX.off}" 
+      puts "\t  #{@cX.brown}#{@txt[0]}#{@cX.off} #{@cX.grey}#{@txt[1]}#{@cX.off}"
     end
     def error
-      puts "\t  #{@cX.fuschia}#{@txt[0]}#{@cX.off} #{@cX.brown}#{@txt[1]}#{@cX.off}" 
+      puts "\t  #{@cX.fuschia}#{@txt[0]}#{@cX.off} #{@cX.brown}#{@txt[1]}#{@cX.off}"
     end
     def error2
       puts "\t  #{@cX.grey}#{@txt[0]}#{@cX.off} #{@cX.fuschia}#{@txt[1]}#{@cX.off} #{@cX.grey}#{@txt[2]}#{@cX.off}"
@@ -252,31 +252,31 @@ module SiSU_Screen
         %{php_nav only: #{@txt[4]}}
     end
     def txt_white
-      puts "\t#{@cX.white}#{@txt[0]}#{@cX.off} #{@cX.white}#{@txt[1]}#{@cX.off}" 
+      puts "\t#{@cX.white}#{@txt[0]}#{@cX.off} #{@cX.white}#{@txt[1]}#{@cX.off}"
     end
     def txt_grey
-      puts "\t#{@cX.grey}#{@txt[0]}#{@cX.off} #{@cX.cyan}#{@txt[1]}#{@cX.off}" 
+      puts "\t#{@cX.grey}#{@txt[0]}#{@cX.off} #{@cX.cyan}#{@txt[1]}#{@cX.off}"
     end
     def txt_cyan
-      puts "\t#{@cX.cyan}#{@txt[0]}#{@cX.off} #{@cX.grey}#{@txt[1]}#{@cX.off}" 
+      puts "\t#{@cX.cyan}#{@txt[0]}#{@cX.off} #{@cX.grey}#{@txt[1]}#{@cX.off}"
     end
     def txt_blue
-      puts "\t#{@cX.blue}#{@txt[0]}#{@cX.off} #{@cX.grey}#{@txt[1]}#{@cX.off}" 
+      puts "\t#{@cX.blue}#{@txt[0]}#{@cX.off} #{@cX.grey}#{@txt[1]}#{@cX.off}"
     end
     def txt_red
-      puts "\t#{@cX.red}#{@txt[0]}#{@cX.off} #{@cX.cyan}#{@txt[1]}#{@cX.off}" 
+      puts "\t#{@cX.red}#{@txt[0]}#{@cX.off} #{@cX.cyan}#{@txt[1]}#{@cX.off}"
     end
     def txt_green
-      puts "\t#{@cX.green}#{@txt[0]}#{@cX.off} #{@cX.grey}#{@txt[1]}#{@cX.off}" 
+      puts "\t#{@cX.green}#{@txt[0]}#{@cX.off} #{@cX.grey}#{@txt[1]}#{@cX.off}"
     end
     def url #clean
       blue
     end
     def result
-      puts "\t#{@cX.green}#{@txt[0]}#{@cX.off} #{@cX.blue}#{@txt[1]}#{@cX.off} #{@cX.grey}#{@txt[2]}#{@cX.off}" 
+      puts "\t#{@cX.green}#{@txt[0]}#{@cX.off} #{@cX.blue}#{@txt[1]}#{@cX.off} #{@cX.grey}#{@txt[2]}#{@cX.off}"
     end
     def maintenance
-      puts "\t#{@cX.grey}#{@txt[0]}#{@cX.off} #{@cX.brown}#{@txt[1]}#{@cX.off} #{@cX.grey}#{@txt[2]}#{@cX.off}" 
+      puts "\t#{@cX.grey}#{@txt[0]}#{@cX.off} #{@cX.brown}#{@txt[1]}#{@cX.off} #{@cX.grey}#{@txt[2]}#{@cX.off}"
     end
     def instruct
       puts %{\t  #{@cX.grey}#{@txt[0]}#{@cX.off} #{@cX.cyan}#{@txt[1]}#{@cX.off} #{@cX.grey}#{@txt[2]}#{@cX.off} #{@cX.cyan}#{@txt[3]}#{@cX.off} #{@cX.grey}#{@txt[4]}#{@cX.off} "#{@cX.brown}#@f#{@cX.off}"}
@@ -371,7 +371,7 @@ module SiSU_Screen
       puts %{ #{@cX.grey_hi}#{@cX.black}reserved#{@cX.off*2}}
     end
     def meta_verse_title
-      puts %{#{@cX.green_hi}#{@cX.black}MetaVerse#{@cX.off*2} } 
+      puts %{#{@cX.green_hi}#{@cX.black}MetaVerse#{@cX.off*2} }
     end
     def meta_verse_title_v
       b=sourcename(@txt[0])
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/semantics.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/semantics.rb
index 2d827f52..29f860f7 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/semantics.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/semantics.rb
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@
                   ralph.amissah@gmail.com
 =end
 module Semantic
-  require SiSU_lib + '/param'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/param"
   class YamlInfoCreate
     def initialize(file='')
       @file=file
@@ -127,12 +127,12 @@ module Semantic
       @sisu=[]
     end
     def loadfile
-      if FileTest.file?("#@pwd/semantic.yml") 
+      if FileTest.file?("#@pwd/semantic.yml")
         @yaml||=YAML::load(File::open("#@pwd/semantic.yml"))
       end
     end
     def printscreen
-      @yaml.each do |y| 
+      @yaml.each do |y|
         puts y['title'] if y['title']
         puts y['subtitle'] if y['subtitle']
         puts y['creator'] if y['creator']
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ module Semantic
 <language>en-us</language>
 -
 }
-      @yaml.each do |y| 
+      @yaml.each do |y|
         if y['title'] and ((y['subject'] and "#{y['subject']}"[match]) or (y['keywords'] and "#{y['keywords']}"[match]))
           puts y['subject']
           @sisu <<  %{-
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ module Semantic
   -
   }
           @sisu << %{<description>}
-          @sisu << %{<h1 id="#{y['title'].gsub(/\s+/, '-')}">#{y['title']}</h1>} 
+          @sisu << %{<h1 id="#{y['title'].gsub(/\s+/, '-')}">#{y['title']}</h1>}
           @sisu << %{#{y['title']} } if y['title']
           @sisu << %{#{y['subtitle']} } if y['subtitle']
           @sisu << %{#{y['creator'] }} if y['creator']
@@ -260,7 +260,7 @@ module Semantic
     end
     def dummy
       @sisu <<  %{<doc>}
-      @yaml.each do |y| 
+      @yaml.each do |y|
         @sisu <<  %{<content>}
         @sisu <<  %{#{y['title']}} if y['title']
         @sisu <<  %{#{y['subtitle']}} if y['subtitle']
@@ -331,9 +331,9 @@ module Semantic
   end
 end
                                                                                  #% start
-require SiSU_lib + '/param'
-require SiSU_lib + '/defaults'
-require SiSU_lib + '/sysenv'
+require "#{SiSU_lib}/param"
+require "#{SiSU_lib}/defaults"
+require "#{SiSU_lib}/sysenv"
 include SiSU_Param
 include SiSU_Env
 include SiSU_Viz
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/share_src.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/share_src.rb
index 9574de18..6f85c899 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/share_src.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/share_src.rb
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@
                   ralph.amissah@gmail.com
 =end
 module SiSU_Markup
-  require SiSU_lib + '/sysenv'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/sysenv"
   include SiSU_Env
   pwd=Dir.pwd
   class Source
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ module SiSU_Markup
       File.mkpath(@output_path) unless FileTest.directory?(@output_path)
       if FileTest.directory?(@output_path)
         unless @opt.fns =~/\.ssm$/; cp(@opt.fns,@output_path)
-        else 
+        else
           req=@opt.fns.gsub(/(.+)?\.ssm$/,'\1.composite.sst')
           file=@opt.fns.gsub(/(.+)?\.ssm$/,'\1._sst')
           if FileTest.file?(file);  cp(file,"#@output_path/#{req}")
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/share_src_kdissert.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/share_src_kdissert.rb
index a6a2e968..f9c51d66 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/share_src_kdissert.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/share_src_kdissert.rb
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@
                   ralph.amissah@gmail.com
 =end
 module SiSU_Kdi_source
-  require SiSU_lib + '/sysenv'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/sysenv"
   include SiSU_Env
   pwd=Dir.pwd
   class Source
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/shared_db.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/shared_db.rb
index ba98e195..24f6432a 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/shared_db.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/shared_db.rb
@@ -35,27 +35,27 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
  * Ralph Amissah: ralph@amissah.com
                   ralph.amissah@gmail.com
 =end
-module  SiSU_DB 
-  require SiSU_lib + '/db_columns'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/db_tests'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/db_create'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/db_select'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/db_indexes'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/db_drop'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/db_remove'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/db_load_tuple'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/db_import'
+module  SiSU_DB
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/db_columns"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/db_tests"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/db_create"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/db_select"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/db_indexes"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/db_drop"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/db_remove"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/db_load_tuple"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/db_import"
   class Column_size < SiSU_DB_columns::Column_size
   end
   class Test < SiSU_DB_tests::Test
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/shared_html.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/shared_html.rb
index a236783f..64d7436d 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/shared_html.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/shared_html.rb
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -47,8 +47,8 @@
                   ralph.amissah@gmail.com
 =end
 module SiSU_HTML_shared
-  require SiSU_lib + '/defaults'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/html_table'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/defaults"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/html_table"
   class Table < SiSU_HTML_table::Table
   end
 end
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/shared_html_lite.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/shared_html_lite.rb
index 4d4e03b1..93e77db7 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/shared_html_lite.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/shared_html_lite.rb
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@
                   ralph.amissah@gmail.com
 =end
 module SiSU_Format_Shared
-  require SiSU_lib + '/defaults'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/defaults"
   include SiSU_Viz
   class CSS_Format
     def initialize(content=nil,id=nil,ocnd='',ocns='',lv='',hname=nil)
@@ -85,16 +85,16 @@ GSUB
       %{#{@tab*1}<p class="h#@lv" id="#@ocn" type="substantive">\n#{@tab*2}#@content\n#{@tab*1}</p>\n}  << "\n"
     end
     def norm_comment
-      %{#{@tab*1}<p class="norm" id="none" type="comment">\n#{@tab*2}#@content\n#{@tab*1}</p>\n} 
+      %{#{@tab*1}<p class="norm" id="none" type="comment">\n#{@tab*2}#@content\n#{@tab*1}</p>\n}
     end
     def norm
-      %{#{@tab*1}<p class="norm" id="#@ocn" type="substantive">\n#{@tab*2}#@content\n#{@tab*1}</p>\n} 
+      %{#{@tab*1}<p class="norm" id="#@ocn" type="substantive">\n#{@tab*2}#@content\n#{@tab*1}</p>\n}
     end
     def indent1
-      %{#{@tab*1}<p class="indent1" id="#@ocn" type="substantive">\n#{@tab*2}#@content\n#{@tab*1}</p>\n} 
+      %{#{@tab*1}<p class="indent1" id="#@ocn" type="substantive">\n#{@tab*2}#@content\n#{@tab*1}</p>\n}
     end
     def indent2
-      %{#{@tab*1}<p class="indent2" id="#@ocn" type="substantive">\n#{@tab*2}#@content\n#{@tab*1}</p>\n} 
+      %{#{@tab*1}<p class="indent2" id="#@ocn" type="substantive">\n#{@tab*2}#@content\n#{@tab*1}</p>\n}
     end
     def para_table
       %{<p class="norm" align="left"><font #{@vz.font_small} #{@vz.font_color} #{@vz.font_face}>}
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ GSUB
       @new_content=[]
       @content.split(/\n/).each do |parablock|
         m=parablock[/<!f(.+?)!>/,1]
-        @@tablefoot<<m if m 
+        @@tablefoot<<m if m
         parablock.gsub!(/<!f.+?!>/,'')
         @@tablehead=1 if parablock =~/<!Th¡/
         parablock.gsub!(/<!Th?¡.+?!~(\d+)>/,
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/shared_txt.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/shared_txt.rb
index bd0b41cc..ddf2b275 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/shared_txt.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/shared_txt.rb
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ module SiSU_text_utils
         end
         out[line]="#{out[line]} #{word}" if word
       end
-      out.join(spaces_indent).gsub(/\A\n+/m,'').insert(0,spaces_hang) 
+      out.join(spaces_indent).gsub(/\A\n+/m,'').insert(0,spaces_hang)
     end
     def line_wrap_indent1
       @n_indent,@n_hang=2,2
@@ -259,19 +259,19 @@ module SiSU_text_parts_flatfile
       #@format,@ocn=nil,nil
       @@dl ||=SiSU_Env::Info_env.new.digest.length
     end
-    def lev_segname_para_ocn 
+    def lev_segname_para_ocn
       if @para =~/^(\d~|<:.+?>).+?<~(\d+);(?:\w|[0-6]:)\d+;\w\d+><[0-9a-f]{#{@@dl}}:[0-9a-f]{#{@@dl}}>.*/
         if /^([1-6])~(\S+)\s+(\S.+?)<~(\d+);(?:\w|[0-6]:)\d+;\w\d+><[0-9a-f]{#{@@dl}}:[0-9a-f]{#{@@dl}}>/m.match(@para)
           @format,segname,@text,@ocn=$1,$2,$3,$4
-          @format="#@format~#{segname}" # 
+          @format="#@format~#{segname}" #
         elsif  /^([1-6]~)\s+(\S.+?)<~(\d+);(?:\w|[0-6]:)\d+;\w\d+><[0-9a-f]{#{@@dl}}:[0-9a-f]{#{@@dl}}>/m.match(@para)
-          @format,@text,@ocn=$1,$2,$3 #,$4
+          @format,@text,@ocn=$1,$2,$3
         elsif /<:(.+?)>\s*(\S.+?)<~(\d+);(?:\w|[0-6]:)\d+;\w\d+><[0-9a-f]{#{@@dl}}:[0-9a-f]{#{@@dl}}>/m.match(@para)
           @format,@text,@ocn=$1,$2,$3
         elsif /^([1-6])~(\S+)\s+(\S.+?)<~(0);(?:\w|[0-6]:)\d+;\w\d+><[0-9a-f]{#{@@dl}}:[0-9a-f]{#{@@dl}}>/m.match(@para)
           @@alt_id_count+=1
           @format,segname,@text,@ocn=$1,$2,$3,"x#{@@alt_id_count}"
-          @format="#@format~#{segname}" # 
+          @format="#@format~#{segname}" #
         elsif /^([1-6]~)\s+(\S.+?)<~(0);(?:\w|[0-6]:)\d+;\w\d+><[0-9a-f]{#{@@dl}}:[0-9a-f]{#{@@dl}}>/m.match(@para)
           @@alt_id_count+=1
           @format,@text,@ocn=$1,$2,"x#{@@alt_id_count}"
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/shared_xml.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/shared_xml.rb
index a3b4b07f..6cb6f991 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/shared_xml.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/shared_xml.rb
@@ -35,21 +35,21 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
  * Ralph Amissah: ralph@amissah.com
                   ralph.amissah@gmail.com
 =end
-module SiSU_text_parts 
+module SiSU_text_parts
   class Split_text_object
-    require SiSU_lib + '/param'
-    require SiSU_lib + '/xml_format'
+    require "#{SiSU_lib}/param"
+    require "#{SiSU_lib}/xml_format"
     include SiSU_Viz
     include SiSU_XML_format
     @@alt_id_count=0
@@ -65,15 +65,15 @@ module SiSU_text_parts
       if @para =~/^(\d~|<:.+?>).+?<~(\d+);(?:\w|[0-6]:)\d+;\w\d+><#@dp:#@dp>$/
         if /^([1-6])~(\S+)\s+(\S.+?)<~(\d+);(?:\w|[0-6]:)\d+;\w\d+><#@dp:#@dp>$/m.match(@para)
           @format,segname,@text,@ocn=$1,$2,$3,$4
-          @format="#@format~#{segname}" # 
+          @format="#@format~#{segname}" #
         elsif  /^([1-6]~)\s+(\S.+?)<~(\d+);(?:\w|[0-6]:)\d+;\w\d+><#@dp:#@dp>$/m.match(@para)
-          @format,@text,@ocn=$1,$2,$3 #,$4
+          @format,@text,@ocn=$1,$2,$3
         elsif /<:(.+?)>\s*(\S.+?)<~(\d+);(?:\w|[0-6]:)\d+;\w\d+><#@dp:#@dp>$/m.match(@para)
           @format,@text,@ocn=$1,$2,$3
         elsif /^([1-6])~(\S+)\s+(\S.+?)<~(0);(?:\w|[0-6]:)\d+;\w\d+><#@dp:#@dp>$/m.match(@para)
           @@alt_id_count+=1
           @format,segname,@text,@ocn=$1,$2,$3,"x#{@@alt_id_count}"
-          @format="#@format~#{segname}" # 
+          @format="#@format~#{segname}" #
         elsif  /^([1-6]~)\s+(\S.+?)<~(0);(?:\w|[0-6]:)\d+;\w\d+><#@dp:#@dp>$/m.match(@para)
           @@alt_id_count+=1
           @format,@text,@ocn=$1,$2,"x#{@@alt_id_count}"
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ module SiSU_text_parts
       if @para =~/^(\d~|<:.+?>).+/
         if /^([1-6])~(\S+)\s+(\S.+)/m.match(@para)
           @format,segname,@text=$1,$2,$3
-          @format="#@format~#{segname}" # 
+          @format="#@format~#{segname}" #
         elsif /^([1-6]~)\s+(\S.+)/m.match(@para)
           @format,@text=$1,$2
         elsif /<:(.+?)>\s*(\S.+?)/m.match(@para)
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ module SiSU_text_parts
         elsif /^([1-6])~(\S+)\s+(\S.+?)/m.match(@para)
           @@alt_id_count+=1
           @format,segname,@text=$1,$2,$3
-          @format="#@format~#{segname}" # 
+          @format="#@format~#{segname}" #
         elsif /^([1-6]~)\s+(\S.+?)/m.match(@para)
           @@alt_id_count+=1
           @format,@text=$1,$2
@@ -142,12 +142,12 @@ module SiSU_XML_munge
     end
     def char_enc #character encode
       def utf8(para='')
-        if @sys.locale =~/utf-?8/i # instead ucs for utf8 #require 'iconv' ? Iñtërnâtiônàlizætiøn 
+        if @sys.locale =~/utf-?8/i # instead ucs for utf8 #require 'iconv' ? Iñtërnâtiônàlizætiøn
           #¿ÀÁÂÃÄÅÆÇÈÉÊËÌÍÎÏÐÑÒÓÔÕÖØÙÚÛÜÞßàáâãäåæçèéêëìíîïðñòóôõöøùúûü
           #¢£¥§©ª«®°±²³µ¶¹º»¼½¾×÷
           ##para.gsub!(//, '&#;')
           ##para.gsub!(//, '&;')
-          para.gsub!(/¢/, '&#162;') # '&cent;'   # &#162; 
+          para.gsub!(/¢/, '&#162;') # '&cent;'   # &#162;
           para.gsub!(/£/, '&#163;') # '&pound;'  # &#163;
           para.gsub!(/¥/, '&#165;') # '&yen;'    # &#165;
           para.gsub!(/§/, '&#167;') # '&sect;'   # &#167;
@@ -230,12 +230,12 @@ module SiSU_XML_munge
           para.gsub!(/û/, '&#252;') # '&ucirc;'  # &#252;
           para.gsub!(/ü/, '&#253;') # '&uuml;'   # &#253;
           para.gsub!(/þ/, '&#254;') # '&thorn;'  # &#254;
-          para.gsub!(/ÿ/, '&#255;') # '&yuml;'   # &#255;   
+          para.gsub!(/ÿ/, '&#255;') # '&yuml;'   # &#255;
         end
       end
       def html(para='')
-        if @sys.locale =~/utf-?8/i # instead ucs for utf8 #require 'iconv' ? Iñtërnâtiônàlizætiøn 
-          para.gsub!(/¢/, '&cent;')      # &#162; 
+        if @sys.locale =~/utf-?8/i # instead ucs for utf8 #require 'iconv' ? Iñtërnâtiônàlizætiøn
+          para.gsub!(/¢/, '&cent;')      # &#162;
           para.gsub!(/£/, '&pound;')     # &#163;
           para.gsub!(/¥/, '&yen;')       # &#165;
           para.gsub!(/§/, '&sect;')      # &#167;
@@ -318,7 +318,7 @@ module SiSU_XML_munge
           para.gsub!(/û/, '&ucirc;')     # &#252;
           para.gsub!(/ü/, '&uuml;')      # &#253;
           para.gsub!(/þ/, '&thorn;')     # &#254;
-          para.gsub!(/ÿ/, '&yuml;')      # &#255;   
+          para.gsub!(/ÿ/, '&yuml;')      # &#255;
         end
       end
       self
@@ -355,7 +355,7 @@ module SiSU_XML_munge
       para.gsub!(/<[-~]#>/,'')
       para.gsub!(/(^|\s)&\s+/,'\1&amp; ') #sort
       para.gsub!(/&([^;]{1,5})/,'&amp;\1') #sort, rough estimate, revisit #WATCH found in node not sax
-      para.gsub!(/\{(\S+?\.(?:png|jpg|gif)) .+?\}(?:(?:https?|ftp):\/\/\S+|image)/, 
+      para.gsub!(/\{(\S+?\.(?:png|jpg|gif)) .+?\}(?:(?:https?|ftp):\/\/\S+|image)/,
         "<image.path>#{@dir.url.images_local}\/\\1</image.path>")
       para.gsub!(/&nbsp;/,' ')
       wordlist=para.scan(/\S+|\n/) #\n needed for tables, check though added 2005w17
@@ -371,7 +371,7 @@ module SiSU_XML_munge
   end
 end
 module SiSU_XML_tags #Format
-  require SiSU_lib + '/param'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/param"
   include SiSU_Param
   include SiSU_Viz
   class RDF
@@ -380,101 +380,101 @@ module SiSU_XML_tags #Format
       #seg_name=%{#{@@seg_name[@@tracker]} - } if @@seg_name[@@tracker]
       @md=md
       @sfx,@pdf=@md.sfx,@md.pdf
-      @rdfurl=%{  rdf:about="http://www.jus.uio.no/lm/toc"\n} 
+      @rdfurl=%{  rdf:about="http://www.jus.uio.no/lm/toc"\n}
       if @md.dc_title                                                            # DublinCore 1 - title
-        @rdf_title=%{    dc.title="#{seg_name}#{@md.dc_title}"\n} 
+        @rdf_title=%{    dc.title="#{seg_name}#{@md.dc_title}"\n}
         @dc_title=%{  <meta name="dc.title" content="#{seg_name}#{@md.dc_title}" />\n}
         #if @md.subtitle
-        #  @rdf_title=%{    dc.title="#{seg_name}#{@md.title} - #{@md.subtitle}"\n} 
+        #  @rdf_title=%{    dc.title="#{seg_name}#{@md.title} - #{@md.subtitle}"\n}
         #  @title=%{<meta name="dc.title" } +
         #    %{content="#{seg_name}#{@md.title} - #{@md.subtitle}" />\n}
         #else
-        #  @rdf_title=%{    dc.title="#{seg_name}#{@md.title}"\n} 
+        #  @rdf_title=%{    dc.title="#{seg_name}#{@md.title}"\n}
         #  @title=%{<meta name="dc.title" } +
         #    %{content="#{seg_name}#{@md.title}" />\n}
         #end
       end
       if @md.dc_creator                                                          # DublinCore 2 - creator/author (author)
-        @rdf_creator=%{    dc.creator="#{@md.dc_creator}"\n} 
+        @rdf_creator=%{    dc.creator="#{@md.dc_creator}"\n}
         content=meta_content_clean(@md.dc_creator)
         @dc_creator=%{  <meta name="dc.creator" content="#{content}" />\n}
       end
       if @md.dc_subject                                                          # DublinCore 3 - subject (us library of congress, eric or udc, or schema???)
-        @rdf_subject=%{    dc.subject="#{@md.dc_subject}"\n} 
+        @rdf_subject=%{    dc.subject="#{@md.dc_subject}"\n}
         content=meta_content_clean(@md.dc_subject)
-        @dc_subject=%{  <meta name="dc.subject" content="#{content}" />\n} 
+        @dc_subject=%{  <meta name="dc.subject" content="#{content}" />\n}
       end
       if @md.dc_description                                                      # DublinCore 4 - description
-        @rdf_description=%{    dc.description="#{@md.dc_description}"\n} 
+        @rdf_description=%{    dc.description="#{@md.dc_description}"\n}
         content=meta_content_clean(@md.dc_description)
-        @dc_description=%{  <meta name="dc.description" content="#{content}" />\n} 
+        @dc_description=%{  <meta name="dc.description" content="#{content}" />\n}
       end
       if @md.dc_publisher                                                        # DublinCore 5 - publisher (current copy published by)
-        @rdf_publisher=%{    dc.publisher="#{@md.dc_publisher}"\n} 
+        @rdf_publisher=%{    dc.publisher="#{@md.dc_publisher}"\n}
         content=meta_content_clean(@md.dc_publisher)
         @dc_publisher=%{  <meta name="dc.publisher" content="#{content}" />\n}
       end
       if @md.dc_contributor                                                      # DublinCore 6 - contributor
-        @rdf_contributor=%{    dc.contributor="#{@md.dc_contributor}"\n} 
+        @rdf_contributor=%{    dc.contributor="#{@md.dc_contributor}"\n}
         content=meta_content_clean(@md.dc_contributor)
         @dc_contributor=%{  <meta name="dc.contributor" content="#{content}" />\n}
       end
       if @md.dc_date                                                             # DublinCore 7 - date year-mm-dd
-        @rdf_date=%{    dc.date="#{@md.dc_date}"\n} 
+        @rdf_date=%{    dc.date="#{@md.dc_date}"\n}
         @dc_date=%{  <meta name="dc.date" content="#{@md.dc_date}" #{@md.date_scheme} />\n}
       end
       if @md.dc_date_created                                                     # DublinCore 7 - date.created year-mm-dd
-        @rdf_date_created=%{    dc.date.created="#{@md.dc_date_created}"\n} 
+        @rdf_date_created=%{    dc.date.created="#{@md.dc_date_created}"\n}
         @dc_date_created=%{  <meta name="dc.date.created" content="#{@md.dc_date_created}" #{@md.date_created_scheme} />\n}
       end
       if @md.dc_date_issued                                                      # DublinCore 7 - date.issued year-mm-dd
-        @rdf_date_issued=%{    dc.date.issued="#{@md.dc_date_issued}"\n} 
+        @rdf_date_issued=%{    dc.date.issued="#{@md.dc_date_issued}"\n}
         @dc_date_issued=%{  <meta name="dc.date.issued" content="#{@md.dc_date_issued}" #{@md.date_issued_scheme} />\n}
       end
       if @md.dc_date_available                                                   # DublinCore 7 - date.available year-mm-dd
-        @rdf_date_available=%{    dc.date.available="#{@md.dc_date_available}"\n} 
+        @rdf_date_available=%{    dc.date.available="#{@md.dc_date_available}"\n}
         @dc_date_available=%{  <meta name="dc.date.available" content="#{@md.dc_date_available}" #{@md.date_available_scheme} />\n}
       end
       if @md.dc_date_valid                                                       # DublinCore 7 - date.valid year-mm-dd
-        @rdf_date_valid=%{    dc.date.valid="#{@md.dc_date_valid}"\n} 
+        @rdf_date_valid=%{    dc.date.valid="#{@md.dc_date_valid}"\n}
         @dc_date_valid=%{  <meta name="dc.date.valid" content="#{@md.dc_date_valid}" #{@md.date_valid_scheme} />\n}
       end
       if @md.dc_date_modified                                                    # DublinCore 7 - date.modified year-mm-dd
-        @rdf_date_modified=%{    dc.date.modified="#{@md.dc_date_modified}"\n} 
+        @rdf_date_modified=%{    dc.date.modified="#{@md.dc_date_modified}"\n}
         @dc_date_modified=%{  <meta name="dc.date.modified" content="#{@md.dc_date_modified}" #{@md.date_modified_scheme} />\n}
       end
       if @md.dc_type                                                             # DublinCore 8 - type (genre eg. report, convention etc)
-        @rdf_type=%{    dc.type="#{@md.dc_type}"\n} 
+        @rdf_type=%{    dc.type="#{@md.dc_type}"\n}
         content=meta_content_clean(@md.dc_type)
         @dc_type=%{  <meta name="dc.type" content="#{content}" />\n}
       end
       if @md.dc_format                                                           # DublinCore 9 - format (use your mime type)
-        @rdf_format=%{    dc.format="#{@md.dc_format}"\n} 
+        @rdf_format=%{    dc.format="#{@md.dc_format}"\n}
         content=meta_content_clean(@md.dc_format)
         @dc_format=%{  <meta name="dc.format" content="#{content}" />\n}
       end
       if @md.dc_identifier                                                       # DublinCore 10 - identifier (your identifier, could use urn which is free)
-        @rdf_identifier=%{    dc.identifier="#{@md.dc_identifier}"\n} 
+        @rdf_identifier=%{    dc.identifier="#{@md.dc_identifier}"\n}
         content=meta_content_clean(@md.dc_identifier)
         @dc_identifier=%{  <meta name="dc.identifier" content="#{content}" />\n}
       end
       if @md.dc_source                                                           # DublinCore 11 - source (document source)
-        @rdf_source=%{    dc.source="#{@md.dc_source}"\n} 
+        @rdf_source=%{    dc.source="#{@md.dc_source}"\n}
         content=meta_content_clean(@md.dc_source)
         @dc_source=%{  <meta name="dc.source" content="#{content}" />\n}
       end
       if @md.dc_language[:name]                                                  # DublinCore 12 - language (English)
-        @rdf_language=%{    dc.language="#{@md.dc_language[:name]}"\n} 
+        @rdf_language=%{    dc.language="#{@md.dc_language[:name]}"\n}
         @dc_language=%{  <meta name="dc.language" content="#{@md.dc_language[:name]}" />\n}
       end
-      if @md.language_original[:name]                                            
-        @rdf_language_original=%{    dc.language="#{@md.language_original[:name]}"\n} 
+      if @md.language_original[:name]
+        @rdf_language_original=%{    dc.language="#{@md.language_original[:name]}"\n}
         @language_original=%{  <meta name="dc.language" content="#{@md.language_original[:name]}" />\n}
       end
       if @md.dc_relation                                                         # DublinCore 13 - relation
         @rdf_relation=%{    dc.relation="#{@md.dc_relation}"\n}
         content=meta_content_clean(@md.dc_relation)
-        @dc_relation=%{  <meta name="dc.relation" content="#{content}" />\n} 
+        @dc_relation=%{  <meta name="dc.relation" content="#{content}" />\n}
       end
       if @md.dc_coverage                                                         # DublinCore 14 - coverage
         @rdf_coverage=%{    dc.coverage="#{@md.dc_coverage}"\n}
@@ -503,7 +503,7 @@ module SiSU_XML_tags #Format
       #      dc:creator="Author"
       #      dc:title="Title"
       #      dc:description="Description if any"
-      #      dc:date="Publication Date" 
+      #      dc:date="Publication Date"
       #  />
       #</rdf:RDF>
       #Dublin Core
@@ -564,7 +564,7 @@ WOK
       comment_xml(desc)
     end
     def metatag_html #values strung together, because some empty, and resulting output (line breaks) is much better
-#{@vz.js_head} 
+#{@vz.js_head}
 <<WOK
 #@dc_title#@dc_subtitle#@dc_creator#@dc_subject#@dc_description#@dc_publisher#@dc_contributor#@dc_date#@dc_date_created#@dc_date_issued#@dc_date_available#@dc_date_valid#@dc_date_modified#@dc_type#@dc_format#@dc_identifier#@dc_source#@dc_language#@dc_relation#@dc_coverage#@dc_rights#@copyright#@owner
 #{@vz.txt_generator}
@@ -574,7 +574,7 @@ WOK
   end
 end
 module SiSU_Tables
-  require SiSU_lib + '/xml_tables'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/xml_tables"
 end
 __END__
 
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/sisupod_make.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/sisupod_make.rb
index 21e35e64..2d5aa550 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/sisupod_make.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/sisupod_make.rb
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -53,8 +53,8 @@ module SiSU_Doc
   include SiSU_Env
   class Source
     include FileUtils #::Verbose
-    require SiSU_lib + '/sysenv'
-    require SiSU_lib + '/response'
+    require "#{SiSU_lib}/sysenv"
+    require "#{SiSU_lib}/response"
     def initialize(opt)
       @opt=opt
       m=/.+\/(\S+)/m
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ module SiSU_Doc
       SiSU_Env::Info_env.new.sisupod
     end
     def select(skin='')                                                       # skin loading logic here
-      load SiSU_lib + '/defaults.rb'
+      load "#{SiSU_lib}/defaults.rb"
       @skin={}
       skin_path = [
         "#{@env.path.pwd}/_sisu/skin",
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ module SiSU_Doc
         docskin='skin_sisupod'
       end
       if skin_source and docskin
-        cp_r(skin_source[:name],"#{docskin_place}/#{docskin}.rb") 
+        cp_r(skin_source[:name],"#{docskin_place}/#{docskin}.rb")
         #if skin_source[:type] =~/dir/
         #  File.symlink("#{docskin_place}/#{docskin}.rb","#{docskin_place}/skin_#{@env.stub_pwd}.rb")
         #end
@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ module SiSU_Doc
         para_images=[]
         skinfile_array.each do |f|                                            #% work area
           unless f =~/^%+ / #hmmm
-            images << f.scan(@rgx_rb_image).uniq if f =~@rgx_rb_image #and FileTest.file?(f.scan(@rgx_rb_image).uniq)    
+            images << f.scan(@rgx_rb_image).uniq if f =~@rgx_rb_image #and FileTest.file?(f.scan(@rgx_rb_image).uniq)
             #does not really discriminate, may duplicate images in sisu file, and may take images from default image pool
           end
         end
@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ module SiSU_Doc
       #1. mapping in doc dir?
       #2. need images used by skin, scan skin??
       if images and images.length > 1
-        images.flatten!.uniq! 
+        images.flatten!.uniq!
         image_path_pwd='_sisu/image'
         path_pod_conf="#{@env.path.processing}/sisupod/_sisu"
         images_path_pod="#{path_pod_conf}/image"
@@ -220,17 +220,17 @@ module SiSU_Doc
       x=@env.document_language_versions_found   #check multiple document language versions (param not used)
       if doc_import.flatten.length > 0 and @opt.fns =~/\._sst$/
         doc_import.flatten.each do |f|
-          cp_r("#{@env.path.pwd}/#{f}","#{@env.path.processing}/sisupod/#{f}") 
+          cp_r("#{@env.path.pwd}/#{f}","#{@env.path.processing}/sisupod/#{f}")
         end
       end
       if x[:f] and x[:f].length > 1             #store multiple document language versions, sisupod
         x[:f].each do |f|
-          cp_r("#{@env.path.pwd}/#{f}","#{@env.path.processing}/sisupod/#{f}") 
+          cp_r("#{@env.path.pwd}/#{f}","#{@env.path.processing}/sisupod/#{f}")
         end
       elsif @opt.fns =~/\._sst/
         ssm=@opt.fns.gsub(/\._sst/,'.ssm')
-        cp_r("#{@env.path.pwd}/#{ssm}","#{@env.path.processing}/sisupod/#{ssm}") 
-      else cp_r("#{@env.path.pwd}/#{@opt.fns}","#{@env.path.processing}/sisupod/#{@opt.fns}") 
+        cp_r("#{@env.path.pwd}/#{ssm}","#{@env.path.processing}/sisupod/#{ssm}")
+      else cp_r("#{@env.path.pwd}/#{@opt.fns}","#{@env.path.processing}/sisupod/#{@opt.fns}")
       end #NB not all possibilies met, revisit, also in case of composite file may wish to add README
     end
     def sisupod_7zip #look at later
@@ -278,7 +278,7 @@ question?:                   should you permit the packing of multiple files in
 
    remove previously existing contents of _/sisu/sisupod &
    make directory structure:
-   
+
    _sisu
      sisupod
        sisu
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/sitemaps.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/sitemaps.rb
index 71956b03..7b6adbab 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/sitemaps.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/sitemaps.rb
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -47,9 +47,9 @@
                   ralph.amissah@gmail.com
 =end
 module SiSU_Sitemaps
-  require SiSU_lib + '/param'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/sysenv'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/shared_xml'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/param"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/sysenv"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/shared_xml"
   include SiSU_Env
   include SiSU_Param
   include SiSU_XML_munge
@@ -88,8 +88,8 @@ module SiSU_Sitemaps
     end
     def make_file(path,filename)
       if File.writable?("#{path}/."); File.new("#{path}/#{filename}",'w+')
-      else 
-        SiSU_Screen::Ansi.new('',"is the file or directory writable?, could not create #{filename}").warn 
+      else
+        SiSU_Screen::Ansi.new('',"is the file or directory writable?, could not create #{filename}").warn
       end
     end
     def make_path(path)
@@ -206,7 +206,7 @@ __END__
 <!-- Document processing information:
      * Generated by: SiSU 0.48.6 of 2006w45/6 (20061111)
      * Ruby version: ruby 1.8.5 (2006-08-25) [i486-linux]
-     * 
+     *
      * Last Generated on: Sat Nov 18 15:28:08 +0000 2006
      * SiSU http://www.jus.uio.no/sisu
 -->
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/spell.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/spell.rb
index f3e264de..0266bc1c 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/spell.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/spell.rb
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -55,8 +55,8 @@ module Utility
       @allwords=[]
       puts @filename
       @speller='aspell' # 'ispell'
-      @dictionary = 'british'
-      @lang = 'en_GB'
+      @dictionary='british'
+      @lang='en_GB'
     end
     def check
       @input.each do |data|
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ module Utility
         end
         @allwords.each { |y| puts y.inspect; system(%{cat #{y} | /usr/bin/#@speller -l -d #@dictionary >> ~/spell_error })}
       else
-        @allwords.each { |y| sp = %x{echo #{y}|#@speller -l }; puts sp unless sp.empty?}
+        @allwords.each { |y| sp=%x{echo #{y}|#@speller -l }; puts sp unless sp.empty?}
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/sst_convert_markup.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/sst_convert_markup.rb
index d1c337cf..6cdc76b0 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/sst_convert_markup.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/sst_convert_markup.rb
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
     http://www.fsf.org/licenses/gpl.html
     http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html
     http://www.jus.uio.no/sisu/gpl2.fsf
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -44,13 +44,13 @@
                   ralph.amissah@gmail.com
 =end
 module SiSU_Modify
-  require SiSU_lib + '/sst_identify_markup'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/sst_from_kdissert'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/sst_to_s_xml_sax'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/sst_to_s_xml_dom'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/sst_to_s_xml_node'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/sst_from_xml'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/response'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/sst_identify_markup"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/sst_from_kdissert"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/sst_to_s_xml_sax"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/sst_to_s_xml_dom"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/sst_to_s_xml_node"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/sst_from_xml"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/response"
   class Convert_markup
     require 'fileutils'
     include FileUtils #::Verbose
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ module SiSU_Modify
       @description='This is a script that contains canned text conversions for reuse'
       @response=SiSU_Response::Response.new
       @ask=SiSU_Response::Response.new
-      @warn='WARNING, PROCEED AT YOUR OWN RISK, will make file changes.' 
+      @warn='WARNING, PROCEED AT YOUR OWN RISK, will make file changes.'
     end
     def current_match_and_replace
       convert_37_to_38
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ WOK
     def convert_37_to_38
       message("#@warn\nConvert sisu markup from 0.37 to 0.38")
       [
-        [/^0~(\S+?)([+-])\s+/,    '@\1:\2 ',               //],          
+        [/^0~(\S+?)([+-])\s+/,    '@\1:\2 ',               //],
         [/^0~(\S+)\s+/,           '@\1: ',                 //],
         [/^@toc:\s+/,             '@structure: ',          //],
         [/^1~/,                   ':A~',                   //],
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ WOK
         unless f == s
           unless File.exist?("#{pwd}/#{s}")
             puts "./#{f} -> ./#{s}"
-            cp("#{pwd}/#{f}","#{pwd}/#{s}") 
+            cp("#{pwd}/#{f}","#{pwd}/#{s}")
           else "File already exists, < #{s} >  will not overwrite"
           end
         end
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ WOK
       SiSU_sst_from_xml::Convert.new(@opt).read
     end
     def convert_footnotes
-      require SiSU_lib + '/sst_do_inline_footnotes' 
+      require "#{SiSU_lib}/sst_do_inline_footnotes"
       SiSU_Convert_footnotes::Source.new(@opt).read
     end
     def conversion
@@ -232,9 +232,9 @@ WOK
                   if y =~m and y =~w
                     if @new
                       @new=false
-                      File.unlink(o) if File.exists?(o)
+                      File.unlink(o) if File.exist?(o)
                       File.rename(i,o)
-                      File.unlink(i) if File.exists?(i)
+                      File.unlink(i) if File.exist?(i)
                       @file=File.new(i,'w')
                       @matched=true
                       break
@@ -280,18 +280,18 @@ WOK
   end
 end
 #%% files to match for this conversion set  ------------------------->
-require SiSU_lib + '/options'
+require "#{SiSU_lib}/options"
 argv=$*
 @opt=SiSU_commandline::Options.new(argv)
 case @opt.mod.inspect
 when /=kdi/
-  SiSU_Modify::Convert_markup.new(@opt).conversion 
+  SiSU_Modify::Convert_markup.new(@opt).conversion
 when /(?:36|37|38)?to-?(?:37|38)|--convert|--to|--from|default/
 @opt.files.each do |fns|
   @opt.fns=fns
-  SiSU_Modify::Convert_markup.new(@opt).conversion 
+  SiSU_Modify::Convert_markup.new(@opt).conversion
 end
-else 
+else
   @opt.mod='--help'
  SiSU_Modify::Convert_markup.new(@opt).help
 end
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/sst_do_inline_footnotes.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/sst_do_inline_footnotes.rb
index 90102d7c..f5e1d604 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/sst_do_inline_footnotes.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/sst_do_inline_footnotes.rb
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -47,11 +47,11 @@
                   ralph.amissah@gmail.com
 =end
 module SiSU_Convert_footnotes
-  require SiSU_lib + '/defaults'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/sysenv'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/param'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/dal_syntax'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/i18n'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/defaults"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/sysenv"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/param"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/dal_syntax"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/i18n"
   include SiSU_Env
   include SiSU_Param
   include SiSU_Viz
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ module SiSU_Convert_footnotes
       tell=SiSU_Screen::Ansi.new(@opt.cmd,'convert footnotes')
       tell.green_title_hi unless @opt.cmd =~/q/
       file_array=IO.readlines(@opt.fns,'')
-      file_array.each do |l| 
+      file_array.each do |l|
         if l =~/\r\n/; l.gsub!(/\r\n/,"\n")
         end
       end
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ module SiSU_Convert_footnotes
         tell.txt_red unless @md.cmd =~/q/
         dal.each{|s| dal_array << "#{s.strip}\n\n" unless s.strip.empty?}
         dal_array
-      else 
+      else
         tell=SiSU_Screen::Ansi.new(@md.cmd,'no footnote conversion done, problem with source file','to override use --convert=footnote-force (this is not advised)')
         tell.warn if @cmd !~/q/
         ''
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ module SiSU_Convert_footnotes
       reset
       data
     end
-  protected 
+  protected
     def vocabulary
       data=@data
       tuned_file,vocab_insert=[],[]
@@ -225,13 +225,13 @@ module SiSU_Convert_footnotes
         para.gsub!(/(~\{ )\s+/,'\1')
         para.gsub!(/ \/\//,'<br />')                                           #added 2004w29
         para.gsub!(/<br>/,'<br />')                                            #needed by xml, xhtml etc.
-        para.gsub!(/`/,"'")   
+        para.gsub!(/`/,"'")
         para.gsub!(/\342\200\231/,"'") #if para =~/’/  #Avoid #&lsquo; &rsquo; #&ldquo; &rdquo;
-        para.gsub!(/\t/,' ')   
+        para.gsub!(/\t/,' ')
         para.gsub!(/�/,' ') #watch, replace with char code
-        para.gsub!(/[“”]/,'""')   
-        para.gsub!(/[­–—]/,'-')   #— – chk 
-        para.gsub!(/·/,'*')   
+        para.gsub!(/[“”]/,'""')
+        para.gsub!(/[­–—]/,'-')   #— – chk
+        para.gsub!(/·/,'*')
         para.gsub!(/\\copy(?:right)?\b/,'&#169;')
         para.gsub!(/\\trademark\b|\\tm\b/,'&#174;')
         para.gsub!(/\44/,'&#36;') #$ watch
@@ -337,7 +337,7 @@ module SiSU_Convert_footnotes
       else para.gsub!(/^#{num}~ /,"#{num}~#{title_no} #{title_no} ") #main
       end
       if @md.toc_lev_limit and @md.toc_lev_limit < num
-        para.gsub!(/^[2-6]~(?:~\S+)?\s*/,'!_ ') 
+        para.gsub!(/^[2-6]~(?:~\S+)?\s*/,'!_ ')
       end
       para
     end
@@ -403,7 +403,7 @@ module SiSU_Convert_footnotes
       data=@data
       @tuned_file=[]
       endnote_no,endnote_ref=1,1
-      
+
       data.each do |para|
         case para                                                                               # manually numbered endnotes <!e(\d)!> <!e_(\d)!> -->
         when /~\{\s+.+?\}~/                                                                               # auto-numbered endnotes <!e!> <!e_!> -->
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/sst_from_kdissert.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/sst_from_kdissert.rb
index 9dc80bb5..b911f4db 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/sst_from_kdissert.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/sst_from_kdissert.rb
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
     http://www.fsf.org/licenses/gpl.html
     http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html
     http://www.jus.uio.no/sisu/gpl2.fsf
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@
                   ralph.amissah@gmail.com
 =end
 module SiSU_Kdissert
-  require SiSU_lib + '/sysenv'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/sysenv"
   class Convert
     require 'rexml/document'
     include REXML
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ module SiSU_Kdissert
 
 @skin: skin_kdissert
 
-% @date: 
+% @date:
 
 @rcs:+ $Id$
 
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ WOK
                   @top=id
                 end
               end
-            end  
+            end
             @doc=[]
             @title=@el[@top][:sum]
             puts @el[@top][:sum].inspect
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ WOK
                 end
               end
             end
-      # regexs strip most kdissert markup, and provide minimal info for sisu markup -->       
+      # regexs strip most kdissert markup, and provide minimal info for sisu markup -->
             @doc.each do |c,idx|
               c.gsub!(/<\/summary>/,'')
               c.gsub!(/<html>.+?\n|<\/body>|<\/html>|<p>/m,'')
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ WOK
               c.gsub!(/&quot;/,'"')
               c.gsub!(/ \s+/,' ')
               @sisu_base << c.strip + "\n\n"
-            end  
+            end
           else puts ".kdi extension expected, filename not recognised: << #{kdi} >>"
           end
           @output << sisu_head << @sisu_base
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/sst_from_xml.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/sst_from_xml.rb
index 1b2651e3..fc2a9478 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/sst_from_xml.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/sst_from_xml.rb
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
     http://www.fsf.org/licenses/gpl.html
     http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html
     http://www.jus.uio.no/sisu/gpl2.fsf
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@
                   ralph.amissah@gmail.com
 =end
 module SiSU_sst_from_xml
-  require SiSU_lib + '/sysenv'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/sysenv"
   class Convert
     require 'rexml/document'
     include REXML
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/sst_identify_markup.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/sst_identify_markup.rb
index 8dbca059..9e212f2d 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/sst_identify_markup.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/sst_identify_markup.rb
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
     http://www.fsf.org/licenses/gpl.html
     http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html
     http://www.jus.uio.no/sisu/gpl2.fsf
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -87,11 +87,11 @@ WOK
         links,oldlinks='',''
         markup=nil
         @declared_type,@declared_markup='[text?]',''
-        if cont[0] =~ /^(?:%\s+)?SiSU\s+(text|master|insert)\s+([0-9](?:\.[0-9]+){1,2})/ or cont[0] =~ /^(?:%\s+)?sisu-([0-9](?:\.[0-9]+){1,2})/ 
+        if cont[0] =~ /^(?:%\s+)?SiSU\s+(text|master|insert)\s+([0-9](?:\.[0-9]+){1,2})/ or cont[0] =~ /^(?:%\s+)?sisu-([0-9](?:\.[0-9]+){1,2})/
           @declared_type,@declared_markup=$1,$2
           #puts "SiSU #@declared_markup (declared markup version)"
         #else puts 'markup version not declared'
-        elsif cont[0] =~ /^(?:%\s+)?SiSU\s+([0-9](?:\.[0-9]+){1,2})/ or cont[0] =~ /^(?:%\s+)?sisu-([0-9](?:\.[0-9]+){1,2})/ 
+        elsif cont[0] =~ /^(?:%\s+)?SiSU\s+([0-9](?:\.[0-9]+){1,2})/ or cont[0] =~ /^(?:%\s+)?sisu-([0-9](?:\.[0-9]+){1,2})/
           @declared_markup=$1
         end
         @flag_38=false
@@ -193,11 +193,11 @@ WOK
   * for example for describing an author
 
   ** for describing a second author
-  
+
   and ~[* my note ]~ or ~[+ another note ]~ which numerically increments an
   asterisk and plus respectively
 
-  *1 my note 
+  *1 my note
   +1 another note
 
 WOK
@@ -206,7 +206,7 @@ WOK
       <<WOK
 
   SiSU 0.38 introduced alternative experimental header and heading/structure markers,
-  
+
   @headername: and headers :A~ :B~ :C~ 1~ 2~ 3~
 
   as the equivalent of
@@ -270,7 +270,7 @@ WOK
     def help_query
       <<WOK
 
-  sisu --query=[sisu version [0.38] or 'history] 
+  sisu --query=[sisu version [0.38] or 'history]
   provides a short history of changes to SiSU markup
 
 WOK
@@ -278,7 +278,7 @@ WOK
     def help_identify
       <<WOK
 
-  sisu --identify [filename] 
+  sisu --identify [filename]
   attempts to identify the SiSU markup used in a file
 
 WOK
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/sst_to_s_xml_dom.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/sst_to_s_xml_dom.rb
index 9665250b..5ed309e6 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/sst_to_s_xml_dom.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/sst_to_s_xml_dom.rb
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -49,18 +49,18 @@
  * Notes: tidy -xml sax.xml >> index.tidy
 =end
 module SiSU_simple_xml_model_dom
-  require SiSU_lib + '/defaults'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/param'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/defaults"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/param"
   include SiSU_Param
   include SiSU_Viz
-  require SiSU_lib + '/sysenv'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/sysenv"
   include SiSU_Env
-  require SiSU_lib + '/dal_doc_str'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/shared_xml'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/xml_format'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/dal_doc_str"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/shared_xml"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/xml_format"
   include SiSU_XML_format
   include SiSU_XML_munge
-  require SiSU_lib + '/rexml'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/rexml"
   include SiSU_Rexml
   @@alt_id_count,@@tablehead,@@number_of_cols=0,0,0
   @@tablefoot=''
@@ -117,8 +117,8 @@ module SiSU_simple_xml_model_dom
       end
     end
     class Scroll
-      require SiSU_lib + '/shared_txt'
-      require SiSU_lib + '/css'
+      require "#{SiSU_lib}/shared_txt"
+      require "#{SiSU_lib}/css"
       include SiSU_text_utils
       @@xml={ :body=>[],:open=>[],:close=>[],:head=>[] }
       def initialize(data='',md=nil)
@@ -140,17 +140,17 @@ module SiSU_simple_xml_model_dom
       end
     protected
       def embedded_endnotes(para='')
-        para.gsub!(/~\{(.+?)\}~/, 
+        para.gsub!(/~\{(.+?)\}~/,
           '<endnote><note>\1</note></endnote> ')
-        para.gsub!(/~\[([*+])\s+(.+?)\]~/, 
+        para.gsub!(/~\[([*+])\s+(.+?)\]~/,
           '<endnote><symbol>\1</symbol><note>\2</note></endnote> ')
       end
       def xml_markup(para='')
-        para.gsub!(/~\[([*+])\s+(.+?)\]~/, 
+        para.gsub!(/~\[([*+])\s+(.+?)\]~/,
           '<endnote><symbol>\1</symbol><note>\2</note></endnote> ')
-        para.gsub!(/~\{([*+]+)\s+(.+?)\}~/, 
+        para.gsub!(/~\{([*+]+)\s+(.+?)\}~/,
           '<endnote><symbol>\1</symbol><note>\2</note></endnote> ')
-        para.gsub!(/~\{(.+?)\}~/, 
+        para.gsub!(/~\{(.+?)\}~/,
           '<endnote><note>\2</note></endnote> ')
       end
       def xml_head(meta)
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ WOK
           @copen[2]=true
           @copen[3]=false
         elsif lv == 6
-          @copen[3]=true 
+          @copen[3]=true
         end
       end
       def xml_structure(lv='',para='',hname='' )
@@ -241,7 +241,7 @@ WOK
             elsif @copen[2] # 5{
               [2,1].each { |v| @@xml[:body] << "#{@tab*n}</contents#{v}>\n" }
               @copen[1]=@copen[2]=@copen[3]=false
-            elsif @copen[1] # 4{ 
+            elsif @copen[1] # 4{
               [1].each { |v| @@xml[:body] << "#{@tab*n}</contents#{v}>\n" }
               @copen[1]=@copen[2]=@copen[3]=false
             end
@@ -249,10 +249,10 @@ WOK
             @level[x]=false
           end
         when 4..6
-          6.downto(lv) do |x| 
+          6.downto(lv) do |x|
             y=x - 1
             if @level[x] == true
-              u=x - 3; 
+              u=x - 3;
               @xml_contents_close[x]=''
             end
           end
@@ -266,7 +266,7 @@ WOK
               [3,2,1].each { |v| @@xml[:body] << "#{@tab*n}</contents#{v}>\n" }
             elsif @copen[2] == true # 5{
               [2,1].each { |v| @@xml[:body] << "#{@tab*n}</contents#{v}>\n" }
-            elsif @copen[1] == true # 4{ 
+            elsif @copen[1] == true # 4{
               [1].each { |v| @@xml[:body] << "#{@tab*n}</contents#{v}>\n" }
             end
             @cont[1]=true
@@ -286,7 +286,7 @@ WOK
         end
         xml_element(lv,para,hname,tag,xml_element,xml_content)
         @level[lv]=true
-        ((lv+1)..6).each { |x| @level[x]=false } 
+        ((lv+1)..6).each { |x| @level[x]=false }
       end
       def group_structure(para='')
         para.gsub!(/<:group(?:-end)?>/,'')
@@ -332,15 +332,15 @@ WOK
         xml_sc(@md)
         @rcdc=false
         @level,@cont,@copen,@xml_contents_close=[],[],[],[]
-        (0..6).each { |x| @cont[x]=@level[x]=false } 
-        (4..6).each { |x| @xml_contents_close[x]='' } 
+        (0..6).each { |x| @cont[x]=@level[x]=false }
+        (4..6).each { |x| @xml_contents_close[x]='' }
         data.each do |para|
           wordlist=para.scan(/\S+|\n/) #\n needed for tables, check though added 2005w17
           para=tidywords(wordlist).join(' ').strip
           para.gsub!(/<[-~]#>/,'')
           para.gsub!(/<br\/?>/,'<br />')
           para.gsub!(/<:pb>\s*/,'')
-          para.gsub!(/\{(\S+?\.(?:png|jpg|gif)) .+?\}(?:(?:https?|ftp):\/\/\S+|image)/, 
+          para.gsub!(/\{(\S+?\.(?:png|jpg|gif)) .+?\}(?:(?:https?|ftp):\/\/\S+|image)/,
             "<image.path>#{dir.url.images_local}/\\1</image.path>")
           para.gsub!(/&nbsp;/,' ')
           para=SiSU_document_structure::Structure.new(@md,para).structure
@@ -351,7 +351,7 @@ WOK
 	          end
           end
           @rcdc=true if @rcdc==false and (para =~/~metadata/ or para =~/^1~\s+Document Information/)
-          if para !~/(^0~|^@\S+?:|<ENDNOTES>|<EOF>)/ 
+          if para !~/(^0~|^@\S+?:|<ENDNOTES>|<EOF>)/
             @sto=SiSU_text_parts::Split_text_object.new(@md,para).lev_segname_para
             unless @rcdc
               if para !~/^(?:%\s|0~|@\S+?:)/
@@ -473,7 +473,7 @@ WOK
           y=x - 1
           @@xml[:body] << "#{@tab*y}</heading#{x}>\n" if @level[x] == true
         end
-        #6.downto(1) { |x| y=x - 1; @@xml[:body] << "#{@tab*y}</level #{x}>\n" if @level[x] == true } 
+        #6.downto(1) { |x| y=x - 1; @@xml[:body] << "#{@tab*y}</level #{x}>\n" if @level[x] == true }
       end
       def pre
         rdf=SiSU_XML_tags::RDF.new(@md)
@@ -542,7 +542,7 @@ WOK
     class Tidy
       def initialize(md,dir)
         @md,@env=md,dir
-        @prog=SiSU_Env::Info_program.new 
+        @prog=SiSU_Env::Info_program.new
       end
       def xml
         if @prog.tidy !=false #note values can be other than true
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/sst_to_s_xml_node.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/sst_to_s_xml_node.rb
index 3ff58c2b..8882da67 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/sst_to_s_xml_node.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/sst_to_s_xml_node.rb
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -49,19 +49,19 @@
  * Notes: tidy -xml sax.xml >> index.tidy
 =end
 module SiSU_simple_xml_model_node
-  require SiSU_lib + '/defaults'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/param'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/defaults"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/param"
   include SiSU_Param
   include SiSU_Viz
-  require SiSU_lib + '/sysenv'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/sysenv"
   include SiSU_Env
-  require SiSU_lib + '/dal_syntax'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/dal_doc_str'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/shared_xml'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/xml_format'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/dal_syntax"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/dal_doc_str"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/shared_xml"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/xml_format"
   include SiSU_XML_format
   include SiSU_XML_munge
-  require SiSU_lib + '/rexml'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/rexml"
   include SiSU_Rexml
   @@alt_id_count,@@tablehead,@@number_of_cols=0,0,0
   @@tablefoot=''
@@ -118,8 +118,8 @@ module SiSU_simple_xml_model_node
       end
     end
     class Scroll
-      require SiSU_lib + '/shared_txt'
-      require SiSU_lib + '/css'
+      require "#{SiSU_lib}/shared_txt"
+      require "#{SiSU_lib}/css"
       include SiSU_text_utils
       @@xml={ :body=>[],:open=>[],:close=>[],:head=>[] }
       @@parent={ :ocn=>[],:node=>[] }
@@ -243,9 +243,9 @@ WOK
           if @node[:ocn][lv-1] != nil
             @@parent[:ocn][o.ocn]=@node[:ocn][lv-1]
           elsif @node[:ocn][lv-2] != nil
-            @@parent[:ocn][o.ocn]=@node[:ocn][lv-2] 
+            @@parent[:ocn][o.ocn]=@node[:ocn][lv-2]
           elsif @node[:ocn][lv-3] != nil:
-            @@parent[:ocn][o.ocn]=@node[:ocn][lv-3] 
+            @@parent[:ocn][o.ocn]=@node[:ocn][lv-3]
           else puts 'error'
           end
         elsif lv == nil
@@ -282,13 +282,13 @@ WOK
               puts "#{o.node}::#{parent.node[o.node]}"
             end
           end
-          @@xml[:body] << "#{@tab*0}<object>" if para[@regx] 
+          @@xml[:body] << "#{@tab*0}<object>" if para[@regx]
           #@@xml[:body] << "#{@tab*1}<heading>#{lv}</heading>" << "\n" if lv
           @@xml[:body] << "#{@tab*1}" << "\n" if para[@regx]
           if @md.mod.inspect =~/odf/ #condition not currently present, but consider
             @@xml[:body] << %{#{@tab*1}<ocn>#{o.ocn}</ocn>\n}
           end
-          @@xml[:body] << if lv; %{#{@tab*1}<text class="h#{lv}">\n#{@tab*2}#{wrapped}\n#{@tab*1}</text>\n} << "\n" 
+          @@xml[:body] << if lv; %{#{@tab*1}<text class="h#{lv}">\n#{@tab*2}#{wrapped}\n#{@tab*1}</text>\n} << "\n"
           elsif wrapped =~/\A%%?\s+/; %{<!--\n#{@tab*1}<text class="comment">\n#{@tab*2}#{wrapped}\n#{@tab*1}</text>\n-->\n} # comments [not included, review]
           else                   %{#{@tab*1}<text class="norm">\n#{@tab*2}#{wrapped}\n#{@tab*1}</text>\n} # main text, contents, body KEEP
           end
@@ -388,15 +388,15 @@ WOK
         end
         data=Syntax::Markup.new(@md,data).songsheet
         data=SiSU_document_structure::Tables.new(@md,data).tables
-        obj=SiSU_document_structure::OCN.new(@md,data).ocn     
+        obj=SiSU_document_structure::OCN.new(@md,data).ocn
         obj.compact!
         data=nil
         dir=SiSU_Env::Info_env.new(@md.fns)
         xml_sc(@md)
         @endnotes,@level,@cont,@copen,@xml_contents_close=[],[],[],[],[]
         @rcdc=false
-        (0..6).each { |x| @cont[x]=@level[x]=false } 
-        (4..6).each { |x| @xml_contents_close[x]='' } 
+        (0..6).each { |x| @cont[x]=@level[x]=false }
+        (4..6).each { |x| @xml_contents_close[x]='' }
         obj.each do |o|
           para=o.txt unless o.txt =~/^%% / #comments are lost, consider
           if para
@@ -413,7 +413,7 @@ WOK
           para=o.txt unless o.txt =~/^%% / #comments are lost, consider
           if para
             @rcdc=true if @rcdc==false and (para =~/~metadata/ or para =~/^1~\s+Document Information/)
-            if para !~/(^0~|^@\S+?:|^\s*$|<ENDNOTES>|<EOF>)/ 
+            if para !~/(^0~|^@\S+?:|^\s*$|<ENDNOTES>|<EOF>)/
               @sto=SiSU_text_parts::Split_text_object.new(@md,para).lev_segname_para
               unless @rcdc
                 format_scroll=SiSU_XML_format::Format_scroll.new(@md,@sto.text) if @sto.format =~/i[12]|null/
@@ -452,7 +452,7 @@ WOK
           para=o.txt unless o.txt =~/^%% / #comments are lost, consider
           if para
             @rcdc=true if @rcdc==false and (para =~/~metadata/ or para =~/^1~\s+Document Information/)
-            if para !~/(^0~|^@\S+?:|^\s*$|<ENDNOTES>|<EOF>)/ 
+            if para !~/(^0~|^@\S+?:|^\s*$|<ENDNOTES>|<EOF>)/
               @sto=SiSU_text_parts::Split_text_object.new(@md,para).lev_segname_para
               unless @rcdc
                 format_scroll=SiSU_XML_format::Format_scroll.new(@md,@sto.text) if @sto.format =~/i[12]|null/
@@ -524,7 +524,7 @@ WOK
           y=x - 1
           @@xml[:body] << "#{@tab*y}</heading#{x}>\n" if @level[x] == true
         end
-        #6.downto(1) { |x| y=x - 1; @@xml[:body] << "#{@tab*y}</level #{x}>\n" if @level[x] == true } 
+        #6.downto(1) { |x| y=x - 1; @@xml[:body] << "#{@tab*y}</level #{x}>\n" if @level[x] == true }
       end
       def pre
         rdf=SiSU_XML_tags::RDF.new(@md)
@@ -587,7 +587,7 @@ WOK
     class Tidy
       def initialize(md,dir)
         @md,@env=md,dir
-        @prog=SiSU_Env::Info_program.new 
+        @prog=SiSU_Env::Info_program.new
       end
       def xml
         if @prog.tidy !=false #note values can be other than true
@@ -619,7 +619,7 @@ nodes are required for a node/tree based representation of content, e.g. a docum
 nodes are given to all structural divisions/headings whether or not they are given an ocn
 
 why arn't all structural divisions given an ocn?
-sometimes to structure documents correctly, it is necessary to introduce a dummy level, e.g. using a marker like 
+sometimes to structure documents correctly, it is necessary to introduce a dummy level, e.g. using a marker like
 4~ [Preamble]-#
 these are heading items that are not in the original text, and do not warrant an ocn
 they do however require a node value
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/sst_to_s_xml_sax.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/sst_to_s_xml_sax.rb
index f94fbc9f..e3958df0 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/sst_to_s_xml_sax.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/sst_to_s_xml_sax.rb
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -49,18 +49,18 @@
  * Notes: tidy -xml sax.xml >> index.tidy
 =end
 module SiSU_simple_xml_model_sax
-  require SiSU_lib + '/defaults'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/param'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/defaults"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/param"
   include SiSU_Param
   include SiSU_Viz
-  require SiSU_lib + '/sysenv'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/sysenv"
   include SiSU_Env
-  require SiSU_lib + '/dal_doc_str'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/shared_xml'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/xml_format'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/dal_doc_str"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/shared_xml"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/xml_format"
   include SiSU_XML_format
   include SiSU_XML_munge
-  require SiSU_lib + '/rexml'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/rexml"
   include SiSU_Rexml
   @@alt_id_count,@@tablehead,@@number_of_cols=0,0,0
   @@tablefoot=''
@@ -116,8 +116,8 @@ module SiSU_simple_xml_model_sax
       end
     end
     class Scroll
-      require SiSU_lib + '/shared_txt'
-      require SiSU_lib + '/css'
+      require "#{SiSU_lib}/shared_txt"
+      require "#{SiSU_lib}/css"
       include SiSU_text_utils
       @@xml={ :body=>[],:open=>[],:close=>[],:head=>[] }
       def initialize(data='',md=nil)
@@ -188,10 +188,10 @@ WOK
           util=SiSU_text_utils::Wrap.new(paragraph,70)
           wrapped=util.line_wrap
         end
-        @@xml[:body] << "#{@tab*0}<object>" if para[@regx] 
+        @@xml[:body] << "#{@tab*0}<object>" if para[@regx]
         #@@xml[:body] << "#{@tab*1}<heading>#{lv}</heading>" << "\n" if lv
         @@xml[:body] << "#{@tab*1}" << "\n" if para[@regx]
-        @@xml[:body] << if lv; %{#{@tab*1}<text class="h#{lv}">\n#{@tab*2}#{wrapped}\n#{@tab*1}</text>\n} << "\n" 
+        @@xml[:body] << if lv; %{#{@tab*1}<text class="h#{lv}">\n#{@tab*2}#{wrapped}\n#{@tab*1}</text>\n} << "\n"
         elsif wrapped =~/\A%%?\s+/; %{<!--\n#{@tab*1}<text class="comment">\n#{@tab*2}#{wrapped}\n#{@tab*1}</text>\n-->\n} # comments
         else                   %{#{@tab*1}<text class="norm">\n#{@tab*2}#{wrapped}\n#{@tab*1}</text>\n} # main text, contents, body KEEP
         end
@@ -246,8 +246,8 @@ WOK
         xml_sc(@md)
         @endnotes,@level,@cont,@copen,@xml_contents_close=[],[],[],[],[]
         @rcdc=false
-        (0..6).each { |x| @cont[x]=@level[x]=false } 
-        (4..6).each { |x| @xml_contents_close[x]='' } 
+        (0..6).each { |x| @cont[x]=@level[x]=false }
+        (4..6).each { |x| @xml_contents_close[x]='' }
         @data.each do |para|
           data << SiSU_document_structure::Structure.new(@md,para).structure
         end
@@ -260,7 +260,7 @@ WOK
 	          end
           end
           @rcdc=true if @rcdc==false and (para =~/~metadata/ or para =~/^1~\s+Document Information/)
-          if para !~/(^0~|^@\S+?:|^\s*$|<ENDNOTES>|<EOF>)/ 
+          if para !~/(^0~|^@\S+?:|^\s*$|<ENDNOTES>|<EOF>)/
             @sto=SiSU_text_parts::Split_text_object.new(@md,para).lev_segname_para
             unless @rcdc
               format_scroll=SiSU_XML_format::Format_scroll.new(@md,@sto.text) if @sto.format =~/i[12]|null/
@@ -350,7 +350,7 @@ WOK
           y=x - 1
           @@xml[:body] << "#{@tab*y}</heading#{x}>\n" if @level[x] == true
         end
-        #6.downto(1) { |x| y=x - 1; @@xml[:body] << "#{@tab*y}</level #{x}>\n" if @level[x] == true } 
+        #6.downto(1) { |x| y=x - 1; @@xml[:body] << "#{@tab*y}</level #{x}>\n" if @level[x] == true }
       end
       def pre
         rdf=SiSU_XML_tags::RDF.new(@md)
@@ -413,7 +413,7 @@ WOK
     class Tidy
       def initialize(md,dir)
         @md,@env=md,dir
-        @prog=SiSU_Env::Info_program.new 
+        @prog=SiSU_Env::Info_program.new
       end
       def xml
         if @prog.tidy !=false #note values can be other than true
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/sysenv.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/sysenv.rb
index 9bd2e977..a0e519b3 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/sysenv.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/sysenv.rb
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ module SiSU_Env
     def prog
       load_prog=false
       $:.each do |reqpath|
-        if FileTest.exists?("#{reqpath}/#@prog.rb")
+        if FileTest.exist?("#{reqpath}/#@prog.rb")
           load_prog=true
           break
         end
@@ -214,8 +214,8 @@ module SiSU_Env
       end
       if load_prog; require @prog
       else
-        tell=if @mandatory; SiSU_Screen::Ansi.new(@cmd,"module required: #@prog") 
-        else                SiSU_Screen::Ansi.new(@cmd,"#@prog load requested") 
+        tell=if @mandatory; SiSU_Screen::Ansi.new(@cmd,"module required: #@prog")
+        else                SiSU_Screen::Ansi.new(@cmd,"#@prog load requested")
         end
         tell.warn
       end
@@ -224,7 +224,7 @@ module SiSU_Env
     def prog?
       load_prog=false
       $:.each do |reqpath|
-        if FileTest.exists?("#{reqpath}/#@prog.rb"); load_prog=true
+        if FileTest.exist?("#{reqpath}/#@prog.rb"); load_prog=true
           break
         end
       end
@@ -249,12 +249,12 @@ module SiSU_Env
     def yamlrc
       unless @@rc
         @yamlrc_path.each do |v|
-          if @@noyaml or FileTest.exists?("#{v}/noyaml")
+          if @@noyaml or FileTest.exist?("#{v}/noyaml")
             puts "WARNING - YAML loading switched off, to enable delete the file:\n\t#{v}/noyaml\n\n" unless @@noyaml
             @@noyaml=true
             break
           else
-            if FileTest.exists?("#{v}/sisurc.yml")
+            if FileTest.exist?("#{v}/sisurc.yml")
               unless @@rc
                 require 'yaml'
                 @@rc ||= YAML::load(File::open("#{v}/sisurc.yml"))
@@ -262,7 +262,7 @@ module SiSU_Env
               break
             end
             unless @@rc
-              if FileTest.exists?("#{v}/sisurc.yaml")
+              if FileTest.exist?("#{v}/sisurc.yaml")
                 unless @@rc
                   require 'yaml'
                   @@rc ||= YAML::load(File::open("#{v}/sisurc.yaml"))
@@ -278,13 +278,13 @@ module SiSU_Env
     def ads #WORK AREA
       tell_no_yaml='WARNING - YAML loading switched off, to enable delete the file:'
       @ad_path.each do |v|
-        if @@noyaml or FileTest.exists?("#{v}/noyaml")
+        if @@noyaml or FileTest.exist?("#{v}/noyaml")
           puts tell_no_yaml + "\n\t#{v}/noyaml\n" unless @@noyaml
           @@noyaml=true
           break
         else
-          #tell=SiSU_Screen::Ansi.new('','promo off (file not found): list.yml') 
-          if FileTest.exists?("#{v}/list.yml")
+          #tell=SiSU_Screen::Ansi.new('','promo off (file not found): list.yml')
+          if FileTest.exist?("#{v}/list.yml")
             unless @@ad[:promo_list]
               require 'yaml'
               @@ad[:promo_list] ||= YAML::load(File::open("#{v}/list.yml"))
@@ -297,13 +297,13 @@ module SiSU_Env
         end
       end
       @ad_path.each do |v|
-        if @@noyaml or FileTest.exists?("#{v}/noyaml")
+        if @@noyaml or FileTest.exist?("#{v}/noyaml")
           puts tell_no_yaml + "\n\t#{v}/noyaml\n" unless @@noyaml
           @@noyaml=true
           break
         else
-          #tell=SiSU_Screen::Ansi.new('','promo off (file not found): promo.yml') 
-          if FileTest.exists?("#{v}/promo.yml")
+          #tell=SiSU_Screen::Ansi.new('','promo off (file not found): promo.yml')
+          if FileTest.exist?("#{v}/promo.yml")
             unless @@ad[:promo]
               require 'yaml'
               @@ad[:promo] ||= YAML::load(File::open("#{v}/promo.yml"))
@@ -752,7 +752,7 @@ module SiSU_Env
       @sys.locale
     end
     def concord_max
-      concord_max=if defined? @rc['processing']['concord_max'] and @rc['processing']['concord_max']:
+      concord_max=if defined? @rc['processing']['concord_max'] and @rc['processing']['concord_max']
         @rc['processing']['concord_max']
       else                                                       defaults[:concord_max]
       end
@@ -1051,14 +1051,14 @@ module SiSU_Env
       end
       def yamlrc
         rc.each do |v|
-          if FileTest.exists?("#{v}/sisurc.yml")
+          if FileTest.exist?("#{v}/sisurc.yml")
             @yamlrc_dir="#{v}/sisurc.yml"
             break
           end
         end
         unless @yamlrc_dir
           rc.each do |v|
-            if FileTest.exists?("#{v}/sisurc.yaml")
+            if FileTest.exist?("#{v}/sisurc.yaml")
               @yamlrc_dir="#{v}/sisurc.yaml"
               break
             end
@@ -1104,7 +1104,7 @@ module SiSU_Env
       end
       def webserv_image                                                         #web/presentation directory, subdirectories are created within it, depending on markup directory stub-name (last segment of markup directory name)
         images=if defined? @rc['webserv']['images']
-          @rc['webserv']['images'] 
+          @rc['webserv']['images']
         else defaults[:images]
         end
         "#{path.webserv}/#{images}"
@@ -1116,7 +1116,7 @@ module SiSU_Env
         "#{path.output}/sitemaps"
       end
       def encoding
-        pth="#{processing}/#{defaults[:processing_encoding]}" 
+        pth="#{processing}/#{defaults[:processing_encoding]}"
         File.mkpath(pth) unless FileTest.directory?(pth)
         pth
       end
@@ -1137,7 +1137,7 @@ module SiSU_Env
             @processing=v
             unless FileTest.directory?(@processing)
               puts "a processing directory (#@processing) is being created for use by sisu"
-              File.mkpath(@processing) 
+              File.mkpath(@processing)
             end
             break
           #end
@@ -1146,14 +1146,14 @@ module SiSU_Env
       end
       def dal
         pth=if defined? @rc['processing']['dal']; "#{processing}/#{@rc['processing']['dal']}"
-        else                                             "#{processing}/#{defaults[:processing_dal]}" 
+        else                                             "#{processing}/#{defaults[:processing_dal]}"
         end
         File.mkpath(pth) unless FileTest.directory?(pth)
         pth
       end
       def tune
         pth=if defined? @rc['processing']['tune'];      "#{processing}/#{@rc['processing']['tune']}"
-        else                                             "#{processing}/#{defaults[:processing_tune]}" 
+        else                                             "#{processing}/#{defaults[:processing_tune]}"
         end
         File.mkpath(pth) unless FileTest.directory?(pth)
         pth
@@ -1163,14 +1163,14 @@ module SiSU_Env
       end
       def tex
         pth=if defined? @rc['processing']['latex'];     "#{processing}/#{@rc['processing']['latex']}"
-        else                                             "#{processing}/#{defaults[:processing_latex]}" 
+        else                                             "#{processing}/#{defaults[:processing_latex]}"
         end
         File.mkpath(pth) unless FileTest.directory?(pth)
         pth
       end
       def texi
         pth=if defined? @rc['processing']['texinfo'];   "#{processing}/#{@rc['processing']['texinfo']}"
-        else                                             "#{processing}/#{defaults[:processing_texinfo]}" 
+        else                                             "#{processing}/#{defaults[:processing_texinfo]}"
         end
         File.mkpath(pth) unless FileTest.directory?(pth)
         pth
@@ -1180,7 +1180,7 @@ module SiSU_Env
       end
       def lout
         pth=if defined? @rc['processing']['lout'];      "#{processing}/#{@rc['processing']['lout']}"
-        else                                             "#{processing}/#{defaults[:processing_lout]}" 
+        else                                             "#{processing}/#{defaults[:processing_lout]}"
         end
         File.mkpath(pth) unless FileTest.directory?(pth)
         pth
@@ -1415,7 +1415,7 @@ module SiSU_Env
           '../_sisu/image_local'
         else
           if @@local_image==true
-            cmd=if @cmd; @cmd 
+            cmd=if @cmd; @cmd
             else ''
             end
             tell=SiSU_Screen::Ansi.new(cmd,"WARNING - no local image directory or images:", defaults[:image_local] )
@@ -1469,7 +1469,7 @@ module SiSU_Env
         end
       end
       def pattern
-        "[0-9a-f]{#{digest.length}}"
+        "[0-9a-f]{#{digest.length}}" #/[0-9a-f]{#{digest.length}}/
       end
       self
     end
@@ -1527,7 +1527,7 @@ module SiSU_Env
       end
       def file_encoding #file encoding
         is=''
-        if defined? @rc['program_set']['file_encoding'];  is=@rc['program_set']['encoding'] 
+        if defined? @rc['program_set']['file_encoding'];  is=@rc['program_set']['encoding']
         end
         if is.nil? or is==true;                           is='encoding'
         end
@@ -1535,14 +1535,14 @@ module SiSU_Env
       end
       def wc #wordcount
         is=''
-        if defined? @rc['program_set']['wc'];             is=@rc['program_set']['wc'] 
+        if defined? @rc['program_set']['wc'];             is=@rc['program_set']['wc']
         end
         if is.nil? or is==true;                           is='wc'
         end
         is
       end
       def tidy
-        if defined? @rc['program_set']['tidy'];           is=@rc['program_set']['tidy'] 
+        if defined? @rc['program_set']['tidy'];           is=@rc['program_set']['tidy']
         end
         if is.nil? or is==true;                           is='tidy'
         end
@@ -1553,7 +1553,7 @@ module SiSU_Env
           true
         else false
         end
-        is=if defined? @rc['program_set']['rexml'];      @rc['program_set']['rexml'] 
+        is=if defined? @rc['program_set']['rexml'];      @rc['program_set']['rexml']
         else ''
         end
         if is.nil? or is==true;                           is='rexml'
@@ -1561,7 +1561,7 @@ module SiSU_Env
         is
       end
       def pdflatex
-        is=if defined? @rc['program_set']['pdflatex'];   @rc['program_set']['pdflatex'] 
+        is=if defined? @rc['program_set']['pdflatex'];   @rc['program_set']['pdflatex']
         else ''
         end
         if is.nil? or is==true;                           is='pdflatex'
@@ -1569,7 +1569,7 @@ module SiSU_Env
         is
       end
       def postgresql
-        is=if defined? @rc['program_set']['postgresql'];  @rc['program_set']['postgresql'] 
+        is=if defined? @rc['program_set']['postgresql'];  @rc['program_set']['postgresql']
         else ''
         end
         if is.nil? or is==true;                            is='postgresql'
@@ -1577,7 +1577,7 @@ module SiSU_Env
         is
       end
       def sqlite
-        is=if defined? @rc['program_set']['sqlite'];      @rc['program_set']['sqlite'] 
+        is=if defined? @rc['program_set']['sqlite'];      @rc['program_set']['sqlite']
         else ''
         end
         if is.nil? or is==true;                           is='sqlite'
@@ -1627,7 +1627,7 @@ module SiSU_Env
     end
     def file_encoding
       is=''
-      if defined? @rc['program_set']['file_encoding'];  is=@rc['program_set']['encoding'] 
+      if defined? @rc['program_set']['file_encoding'];  is=@rc['program_set']['encoding']
       end
       if is.nil? or is==true;                           is='encoding'
       end
@@ -1650,7 +1650,7 @@ module SiSU_Env
       if FileTest.file?("#{Dir.pwd}/#{fns_pod}")
         system("unzip -q #{Dir.pwd}/#{fns_pod} -d #{path.processing}")
       else
-        tell=SiSU_Screen::Ansi.new('',"file not found: #{fns_pod}") 
+        tell=SiSU_Screen::Ansi.new('',"file not found: #{fns_pod}")
         tell.warn unless @cmd=~/q/
       end
       sisupod_processing_path
@@ -1729,7 +1729,7 @@ module SiSU_Env
       #@file=@opt.fns #not always fns
       @env=if @opt.fns and not @opt.fns.empty?
         SiSU_Env::Info_env.new(@opt.fns)
-      else 
+      else
         SiSU_Env::Info_env.new('dummy.sst')
       end
       if @opt.cmd =~/m/; @md=SiSU_Param::Parameters.new(@opt).get
@@ -1850,12 +1850,12 @@ module SiSU_Env
         r[:user]=@rc['remote']['user']
         r[:host]=@rc['remote']['host']
         r[:path]=if defined? @rc['remote']['path']
-          @rc['remote']['path'] 
+          @rc['remote']['path']
         else ''
         end
         r[:name]="#{r[:user]}@#{r[:host]}:#{r[:path]}"
         r
-      else 
+      else
         r[:name]='.'
         r[:user]=''
         r[:host]=''
@@ -1885,10 +1885,10 @@ module SiSU_Env
     end
     def scp                                                                    #sort out later using ruby libraries #not ideal, first time each file is sent, -r must be called separately for subdir to be built
       input=@local_sisu_source
-      output=case @opt.cmd 
+      output=case @opt.cmd
       when /u/;                "#{self.remote_host_base}/#{@env.path.stub_pwd}/."             #creates remote directory tree, this is not the usual function of u
-      when /[aAbeEhHNopwxXy]/; "#{self.remote_host_base}/#{@env.path.stub_pwd}/#{@fnb}/." 
-      else                     "#{self.remote_host_base}/#{@env.path.stub_pwd}/." 
+      when /[aAbeEhHNopwxXy]/; "#{self.remote_host_base}/#{@env.path.stub_pwd}/#{@fnb}/."
+      else                     "#{self.remote_host_base}/#{@env.path.stub_pwd}/."
       end
       if (input =~/\S/ and input !~/\/\//) and (output =~/\S/ and output !~/\/\//) and @@flag_remote==true and @opt.cmd !~/U/
           System_call.new(input,output).scp
@@ -1904,7 +1904,7 @@ module SiSU_Env
       elsif  @opt.cmd =~/U/
         puts "#{__FILE__} #{__LINE__}" if @opt.cmd =~/M/
         puts "#{input} -> #{output}"
-      else 
+      else
         puts 'suspect rsync request, ignored'
         puts "#{input} -> #{output} remote flag: #@@flag_remote"
         puts "permission not granted #{__FILE__} #{__LINE__}" if @opt.cmd =~/M/
@@ -2114,7 +2114,7 @@ module SiSU_Env
       @env=SiSU_Env::Info_env.new
     end
     def select                                                                 # skin loading logic here
-      load SiSU_lib + '/defaults.rb'
+      load "#{SiSU_lib}/defaults.rb"
       skin_path=[]
       @env.sys.rc_path.each{|x| skin_path << "#{x}/skin"}
       skin_path << "#{@env.path.processing}/external_document/skin"
@@ -2261,16 +2261,16 @@ module SiSU_Env
     end
     def make_file(path,filename)
       if File.writable?("#{path}/."); File.new("#{path}/#{filename}",'w+')
-      else 
-        SiSU_Screen::Ansi.new('',"is the file or directory writable?, could not create #{filename}").warn 
+      else
+        SiSU_Screen::Ansi.new('',"is the file or directory writable?, could not create #{filename}").warn
       end
     end
     def touch_file(path,filename)
-      if File.writable?("#{path}/."); 
+      if File.writable?("#{path}/.");
         system("touch #{path}/#{filename}")
         #File.new("#{path}/#{filename}",'w+')
-      else 
-        SiSU_Screen::Ansi.new('',"is the file or directory writable?, could not create #{filename}").warn 
+      else
+        SiSU_Screen::Ansi.new('',"is the file or directory writable?, could not create #{filename}").warn
       end
     end
     def make_path(path)
@@ -2391,7 +2391,7 @@ module SiSU_Env
     end
   end
   class Create_site < Info_env
-    require SiSU_lib + '/css'
+    require "#{SiSU_lib}/css"
     include SiSU_Style
     def initialize(cmd)
       @cmd=cmd
@@ -2435,7 +2435,7 @@ module SiSU_Env
         source=Dir.glob("*.{png,jpg,gif,ico}")
         File.mkpath(dest_path) unless FileTest.directory?(dest_path)
         chmod(0755,dest_path)
-        source.each do |i| 
+        source.each do |i|
           cp_r(i,"#{dest_path}/#{i}")
           chmod(0644,"#{dest_path}/#{i}")
         end
@@ -2467,7 +2467,7 @@ module SiSU_Env
       File.mkpath("#{@env.path.output}/#{@env.path.style}") unless FileTest.directory?("#{@env.path.output}/#{@env.path.style}")
       css_path=['/etc/sisu/css',"#@home/.sisu/css","#@pwd/_sisu/css"] #BROKEN
       if defined? @rc['permission_set']['css_modify'] and @rc['permission_set']['css_modify']
-        tell=SiSU_Screen::Ansi.new(@cmd,"modify is css set to: #{@rc['permission_set']['css_modify']}") 
+        tell=SiSU_Screen::Ansi.new(@cmd,"modify is css set to: #{@rc['permission_set']['css_modify']}")
         css_path.each do |x|
           if FileTest.directory?(x)
             cd(x)
@@ -2478,7 +2478,7 @@ module SiSU_Env
             cd(@pwd)
           end
         end
-      else tell=SiSU_Screen::Ansi.new(@cmd,"modify css is not set or is set to: false") 
+      else tell=SiSU_Screen::Ansi.new(@cmd,"modify css is not set or is set to: false")
       end
       tell.warn if @cmd=~/[MV]/
       fn_css=SiSU_Env::CSS_default.new
@@ -2491,27 +2491,27 @@ module SiSU_Env
       style=File.new("#{path_style}/#{fn_css.html_tables}",'w')
       style << css.html_tables
       style.close
-      style=File.new("#{path_style}/#{fn_css.html}",'w') 
+      style=File.new("#{path_style}/#{fn_css.html}",'w')
       style << css.html
       style.close
-      style=File.new("#{path_style}/#{fn_css.xml_sax}",'w') 
+      style=File.new("#{path_style}/#{fn_css.xml_sax}",'w')
       style << css.xml_sax
       style.close
-      style=File.new("#{path_style}/#{fn_css.xml_dom}",'w') 
+      style=File.new("#{path_style}/#{fn_css.xml_dom}",'w')
       style << css.xml_dom
-      style=File.new("#{path_style}/#{fn_css.docbook_xml}",'w') 
+      style=File.new("#{path_style}/#{fn_css.docbook_xml}",'w')
       style << css.docbook_xml
       style.close
-      style=File.new("#{path_style}/#{fn_css.xhtml}",'w') 
+      style=File.new("#{path_style}/#{fn_css.xhtml}",'w')
       style << css.xhtml
       style.close
     end
   end
 end
 module SiSU_Screen
-  require SiSU_lib + '/screen_text_color'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/screen_text_color"
 end
 module SiSU_Errors
-  require SiSU_lib + '/errors'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/errors"
 end
 __END__
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/termsheet.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/termsheet.rb
index 6e87a0b8..d1fb4343 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/termsheet.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/termsheet.rb
@@ -37,11 +37,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -49,13 +49,13 @@
    Ralph Amissah mailto:amissah@gmail.com
 
 =end
-require SiSU_lib + '/sysenv'
-require SiSU_lib + '/param'
+require "#{SiSU_lib}/sysenv"
+require "#{SiSU_lib}/param"
 include SiSU_Param
 @do,@done,@used,@html_output,@txt_input,@txt_output,@@report=Array.new(7){[]}
 @@info=nil
 @c=0
-@cX=SiSU_Screen::Ansi.new('yes').cX 
+@cX=SiSU_Screen::Ansi.new('yes').cX
 @done << "\n#{@cX.blue_hi}#{@cX.black}Summary#{@cX.off*2}"
 def talent(termsheet,flag)
   no_ocn='0' if flag =~/0/ #flag to request switch off of text object numbering
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ WOK
       file_array=IO.readlines(v,"\n")
       @do << %{#{k}}
       @filename_new << @document
-        # "require v" pulls in the composite @document 
+        # "require v" pulls in the composite @document
         # "termsheet" having all the variables required to complete the standard form @document
       @filename_new.close
     end
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ WOK
   @@report << @done << @used << "\n"
   @done,@used=[],[]
 end
-require SiSU_lib + '/param'
+require "#{SiSU_lib}/param"
 @argv=$*
 @proc="#{@argv[0].to_s}"
 if @proc =~  /^-?[wft]/
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/texinfo.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/texinfo.rb
index ca62710b..1aa469d5 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/texinfo.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/texinfo.rb
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -47,12 +47,12 @@
                   ralph.amissah@gmail.com
 =end
 module SiSU_TexInfo
-  require SiSU_lib + '/html'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/param'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/html"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/param"
   include SiSU_Param
   include SiSU_Viz
   #include Stamp ... needed removed arbitrarily 2005w05/1 (warnings about undefined flags)
-  require SiSU_lib + '/texinfo_format'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/texinfo_format"
   include TexInfoFormat
   @tex_file=[]
   @@tex_backslash="\\\\"
@@ -214,7 +214,7 @@ module SiSU_TexInfo
     def code_lines
       data=@data
       data.each do |line|
-        if line =~ /\S/ and line !~ /<:(code|verse).+/ 
+        if line =~ /\S/ and line !~ /<:(code|verse).+/
           if @@flag['code']==1
             line.gsub!(/^\s*(.+)/m, "\\noindent \\marginpar\[left-text\]{\\begin{tiny}#{@@counting}\\end{tiny}}\\1\\")
             @@counting+=1 if @@flag['code']==1
@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@ module SiSU_TexInfo
           do_mono=TexInfoFormat::Texinfo.new(para,@md)
           para=do_mono.longtable # using longtable latex package
         end
-        @tex_file << para 
+        @tex_file << para
       end
     end
     def markup
@@ -253,9 +253,9 @@ module SiSU_TexInfo
         if para =~ /^[4-6]\\+~\S+\s*(.+?)\s*$/
           toc=TexInfoFormat::Texinfo.new($1,@md)
           texinfo_menu << toc.menu
-          case para 
+          case para
           when /^[4]\\+~\S+\s+(.+?)\s*$/
-            n_menu+=1 
+            n_menu+=1
             @submenu[n_menu]=[]
           when /^[5]\\+~\S+\s+(.+?)\s*$/
             n_submenu+=1
@@ -315,7 +315,7 @@ module SiSU_TexInfo
         #    mono.http
         else
           if para !~/\S/
-            para=nil 
+            para=nil
           else
             para.gsub!(/<\\~(\d+);\w\d+;\w\d+><#@dp:#@dp>/,'~[\1]')
             #para.gsub!(/[1-3]\\\\\{\\\\\{\\\\\{\s+/, '')
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/texinfo_format.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/texinfo_format.rb
index dc070647..c47eb2be 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/texinfo_format.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/texinfo_format.rb
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@
 =end
 module TexInfoFormat
   @@table_pg_break_counter=1
-  require SiSU_lib + '/param'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/param"
   include SiSU_Param
   include SiSU_Viz
   class Texinfo
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ module TexInfoFormat
     end
     def head
       t=Time.now
-      year = t.year
+      year=t.year
       filename=%{#{@md.fns}}[/(.+?)\.\w\w\d\d$/,1]
       title=Texinfo.new(@md.title).spec_char
       title=title.gsub(/<(br|p|i)>|<\/\s*(br|p|i)>|<(br|p)\s*\/>/," #{@@tex_backslash*2} ")
@@ -153,17 +153,17 @@ WOK
       title=Texinfo.new(@md.title).spec_char if @md.title
       subtitle=Texinfo.new(@md.subtitle).spec_char if @md.subtitle
       dc_title="#{title} - #{subtitle}"
-      dc_creator=Texinfo.new(@md.dc_creator).spec_char if @md.dc_creator 
-      dc_subject=Texinfo.new(@md.dc_subject).spec_char if @md.dc_subject  
+      dc_creator=Texinfo.new(@md.dc_creator).spec_char if @md.dc_creator
+      dc_subject=Texinfo.new(@md.dc_subject).spec_char if @md.dc_subject
       dc_description=Texinfo.new(@md.dc_description).spec_char if @md.dc_description
       dc_publisher=Texinfo.new(@md.dc_publisher).spec_char if @md.dc_publisher
       dc_contributor=Texinfo.new(@md.dc_contributor).spec_char if @md.dc_contributor
-      dc_date=Texinfo.new(@md.dc_date).spec_char if @md.dc_date  
+      dc_date=Texinfo.new(@md.dc_date).spec_char if @md.dc_date
       dc_date_created=Texinfo.new(@md.dc_date_created).spec_char if @md.dc_date_created
-      dc_date_issued=Texinfo.new(@md.dc_date_issued).spec_char if @md.dc_date_issued  
+      dc_date_issued=Texinfo.new(@md.dc_date_issued).spec_char if @md.dc_date_issued
       dc_date_available=Texinfo.new(@md.dc_date_available).spec_char if @md.dc_date_available
       dc_date_valid=Texinfo.new(@md.dc_date_valid).spec_char if @md.dc_date_valid
-      dc_date_modified=Texinfo.new(@md.dc_date_modified).spec_char if @md.dc_date_modified  
+      dc_date_modified=Texinfo.new(@md.dc_date_modified).spec_char if @md.dc_date_modified
       dc_type=Texinfo.new(@md.dc_type).spec_char if @md.dc_type
       dc_format=Texinfo.new(@md.dc_format).spec_char if @md.dc_format
       dc_identifier=Texinfo.new(@md.dc_identifier).spec_char if @md.dc_identifier
@@ -476,7 +476,7 @@ WOK
       z=@para[/\\\{(.+?)\}(?:image|png)/,1] # match operator for z \\ fragile !
       image,w,x,y=z.scan(/\S+/)
       image.gsub!(/\\/,'')
-      @para.gsub!(/\\\{\S+\.(png|jpg|gif).+?\}(image|png)/,"<image #{image} not available>")  # fragile match operator\\ fragile ! 
+      @para.gsub!(/\\\{\S+\.(png|jpg|gif).+?\}(image|png)/,"<image #{image} not available>")  # fragile match operator\\ fragile !
     end
     def http
       # very messy clean up ! - work area, testing
@@ -486,7 +486,7 @@ WOK
         image,w,x,y=z.scan(/\S+/)
         image.gsub!(/\\/,'')
         width=200
-        width=z[/w=(\d+)/im,1] if z =~/w=(\d+)/ 
+        width=z[/w=(\d+)/im,1] if z =~/w=(\d+)/
         width=width.to_i*0.8
         width=400 if width > 400
         c=z[/``(.+?)''/im,1]
@@ -494,11 +494,11 @@ WOK
       end
       if image
         dir=SiSU_Env::Info_env.new(@md.fns)
-        @para.gsub!(/\{\S+\.(png|jpg|gif).+?\}(?:https?|ftp):\/\/\S+/, # fragile match operator\\ fragile ! 
+        @para.gsub!(/\{\S+\.(png|jpg|gif).+?\}(?:https?|ftp):\/\/\S+/, # fragile match operator\\ fragile !
           "\n\\href{#{url}}{\\includegraphics*[width=#{width}pt]{#{dir.path.image_source_tex}/#{image}}}#{caption}")
       else
         link=z[/(.+?)\\/im,1]
-        @para.gsub!(/\{.+?\}(?:https?|ftp):\/\/\S+/,"\n\\noindent\\href{#{url}}{#{link}}")  # fragile match operator\\ fragile ! 
+        @para.gsub!(/\{.+?\}(?:https?|ftp):\/\/\S+/,"\n\\noindent\\href{#{url}}{#{link}}")  # fragile match operator\\ fragile !
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/texpdf.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/texpdf.rb
index 27c4f3bf..7440289d 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/texpdf.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/texpdf.rb
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -48,11 +48,11 @@
 =end
 module SiSU_TeX
   require 'pstore'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/defaults'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/param'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/defaults"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/param"
   include SiSU_Param
   include SiSU_Viz
-  require SiSU_lib + '/texpdf_format'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/texpdf_format"
   include SiSU_TeX_Pdf
   @tex_file=@@tex_footnote_array=@@tex_col_w=[]
   @@tex_backslash ||="\\\\"
@@ -66,12 +66,12 @@ module SiSU_TeX
   @@date ||=SiSU_Env::Info_date.new
   class Source #Songsheet #<SiSU_Param::MyFiles
     require 'pstore'
-    require SiSU_lib + '/sysenv'
-    require SiSU_lib + '/param'
+    require "#{SiSU_lib}/sysenv"
+    require "#{SiSU_lib}/param"
     include SiSU_Env
     include SiSU_Param
     include SiSU_Viz
-    require SiSU_lib + '/dal'
+    require "#{SiSU_lib}/dal"
     include SiSU_DAL
     include SiSU_TeX
     def initialize(opt)
@@ -104,7 +104,6 @@ module SiSU_TeX
         tell.flow if @opt.cmd =~/[MVv]/
         tell=SiSU_Screen::Ansi.new(@opt.cmd,@opt.fns,"#{@env.program.pdf_viewer} #{path}/#{@md.fnb}/#{@md.fn[:pdf_p]}")
         tell.flow if @opt.cmd =~/[MVv]/
-        data=IO.readlines(@opt.fns,'')                                             #wasteful, revisit
         @md=SiSU_Param::Parameters.new(@opt).get
         my_make=SiSU_Env::Create_file.new(@opt.cmd,@opt.fns)
         if @md.flag_pdf
@@ -129,8 +128,8 @@ module SiSU_TeX
       rescue; SiSU_Errors::Info_error.new($!,$@,@opt.cmd,@opt.fns).error
       ensure
         unless @opt.cmd =~/[MV]/ #check maintenance flag
-          texfiles = Dir["#{@env.path.tex}/#{@opt.fns}*"]
-          texfiles.each do |f| 
+          texfiles=Dir["#{@env.path.tex}/#{@opt.fns}*"]
+          texfiles.each do |f|
             if FileTest.file?(f)
               File.unlink(f)
             end
@@ -204,7 +203,7 @@ module SiSU_TeX
                   @dir_sisu=@dirout.path.output
                   texfile=@md.fns.gsub(/$/,'.tex')
                   texfile=texfile.gsub(/~/,'-')
-                  if File.exists?(texfile) and File.size(texfile) > 0
+                  if File.exist?(texfile) and File.size(texfile) > 0
                     @tex_f_no+=1
                     latex_do(texfile)
                   else
@@ -227,7 +226,7 @@ module SiSU_TeX
       include SiSU_Param
       @@tex_backslash ||="\\\\"
       @@tilde='\\\\\\~' #?? debug crazy
-      @@tex_head_portrait,@@tex_head_landscape=[],[]
+      @@tex_head_portrait,@@tex_head_landscape=nil,nil
       @@flag_group,@@flag_code=false,false
       @@dp,@@prefix_b=nil,nil
       def initialize(data,md,orientation)
@@ -240,8 +239,8 @@ module SiSU_TeX
       end
       def songsheet
         begin
-          @@tex_footnote_array=[] #check
           data=@data
+          @@tex_footnote_array=[]
           @@rights=nil
           tell=SiSU_Screen::Ansi.new(@md.cmd,"pdfTex #@orientation")
           tell.txt_grey unless @md.cmd =~/q/
@@ -260,42 +259,45 @@ module SiSU_TeX
             @@prefix_b="\n #{@@tex_backslash*2}[3]\\ \\linebreak \\ #{prefix_b}\n" unless @@prefix_b
           end
           if @md.markup.to_s !~/url_png/
-            @data=pre
-            @data=footnote
+            data=pre(data)
+            data=footnote(data)
             if @md.flag_tables
-              @data=tables
+             data=tables(data)
             end
-            @data=numbering
-            @data=markup
-            output
+            data=number_paras(data) if @md.markup !~/not_to/ #check
+            data=markup(data)
+            output(data)
           end
         rescue; SiSU_Errors::Info_error.new($!,$@,@md.fns,@md.cmd).error
         ensure
         end
       end
     protected
-      def pre
+      def pre(data)
         @tex_file=[]
-        data=@data
         data.each do |para|
           # DEBUG 2003w16 this is a kludge, because i could not get parameters
           # from param, Sort out ... revert to more elegant solution
-          # even more of a kludge as had to insert newlines where code is used not satisfactory, think about 
-          pg=if para =~/<:br>/; para.split(/<:br>/)
-          else                   para
-          end
-          pg.each do |pg|
-          if pg =~/<!Th?¡\s+c/; @md.flag_tables=true # KLUDGE get from param
+          # even more of a kludge as had to insert newlines where code is used not satisfactory, think about
+          para=if para =~/<:br>|\n/; para.split(/<:br>|\n/)
+          else para
           end
-          do_mono=SiSU_TeX_Pdf::Format_text_object.new(@md,pg)
-          @tex_file << do_mono.special_characters
+          if para.class == String
+            @md.flag_tables=true if para =~/<!Th?¡\s+c/ 
+            do_mono=SiSU_TeX_Pdf::Format_text_object.new(@md,para)
+            @tex_file << do_mono.special_characters
+          elsif para.class == Array
+            para.each do |grp|
+              @md.flag_tables=true if grp =~/<!Th?¡\s+c/ 
+              do_mono=SiSU_TeX_Pdf::Format_text_object.new(@md,grp)
+              @tex_file << do_mono.special_characters
+            end
           end
         end
         data=@tex_file.delete_if {|x| x =~/^\s*0#{@@tilde}/}
         @tex_file
       end
-      def footnote
-        data=@data.dup
+      def footnote(data)
         @tex_file=[]
         data.each do |para|
           para2=para.dup
@@ -310,17 +312,18 @@ module SiSU_TeX
         end
         @tex_file
       end
-      def tables
-        data=@data
+      def tables(data)
         @tex_file=[]
         @@tableheader=0
         data.each do |para|
           if para =~/¡|<!T/
             do_mono=SiSU_TeX_Pdf::Format_text_object.new(@md,para)
-            para=do_mono.longtable_landscape if @orientation =~/landscape/ # using longtable latex package
-            para=do_mono.longtable_portrait if @orientation =~/portrait/ # using longtable latex package
+            case @orientation                                                   # using longtable latex package
+            when /landscape/; para=do_mono.longtable_landscape
+            when /portrait/; para=do_mono.longtable_portrait
+            end
           end
-          @tex_file << para 
+          @tex_file << para
         end
       end
       def enclose(para,type='')
@@ -332,19 +335,18 @@ module SiSU_TeX
         else para
         end
       end
-      def markup
-        data=@data
+      def markup(data)
         @tex_file=[]
         md={}
-        #% document headers watch special characters in title & subtitle: glark "\{\{~(sub)?title.+?[$&%#_\{\}]" *.(lm|er)??  
+        #% document headers watch special characters in title & subtitle: glark "\{\{~(sub)?title.+?[$&%#_\{\}]" *.(lm|er)??
         home=@vz.txt_home.gsub(/<(br|p)>|<\/\s*(br|p)>|<(br|p)\s*\/>|\\\\/,' - ') #no line splitting in heading neither html nor latex
-        title=@md.title.gsub(/<(br|p)>|<\/\s*(br|p)>|<(br|p)\s*\/>|\\\\/,' - ') #no line splitting in heading neither html nor latex 
+        title=@md.title.gsub(/<(br|p)>|<\/\s*(br|p)>|<(br|p)\s*\/>|\\\\/,' - ') #no line splitting in heading neither html nor latex
         subtitle=@md.subtitle.gsub(/<(br|p)>|<\/\s*(br|p)>|<(br|p)\s*\/>|\\\\/,' - ') if @md.subtitle #no line splitting in heading neither html nor latex
         orient=SiSU_TeX_Pdf::Format_text_object.new(@md,@orientation,"#{home}: - #{title} #{subtitle}") #.new
         if @orientation =~/portrait/
-          @@tex_head_portrait << orient.document_head_with_orientation
+          @@tex_head_portrait=orient.document_head_with_orientation
         elsif @orientation =~/landscape/
-          @@tex_head_landscape << orient.document_head_with_orientation
+          @@tex_head_landscape=orient.document_head_with_orientation
         end
         @tex_file <<<<WOK
 #{@tex.header}#{@tex.footer}
@@ -368,7 +370,7 @@ WOK
 
 \\author{\\href{#{@md.creator_home}}{#@copymark \\textnormal{#{creator}}}}
 WOK
-            else "\n\\author{#@copymark \\textnormal{#{creator}}}" 
+            else "\n\\author{#@copymark \\textnormal{#{creator}}}"
             end
           end
           @tex_file << unless @md.fnb =~/^mail\s*$/
@@ -384,7 +386,7 @@ WOK
 
 \\author{\\href{#{@md.creator_home}}{#@copymark \\textnormal{#{creator}}}}
 WOK
-            else "\n\\author{#@copymark \\textnormal{#{creator}}}" 
+            else "\n\\author{#@copymark \\textnormal{#{creator}}}"
             end
            end
           @tex_file << unless @md.fnb =~/^mail\s*$/; "\n\\date{copy @ #{@tex.site} #{sisu_rc_footnote}}"
@@ -404,7 +406,7 @@ WOK
         else                         @tex.doc_no_sc_info
         end
         @tex_file << @tex.manifest_info
-        @tex_file << @tex.newpage 
+        @tex_file << @tex.newpage
         @tex_file <<<<WOK
 \\pagestyle{fancy}
 \\tableofcontents
@@ -412,7 +414,7 @@ WOK
 \\pagenumbering{arabic}
 #{@tex.paraskip_normal}
 WOK
-        @tex_file << @tex.newpage 
+        @tex_file << @tex.newpage
         @group_collect=[]
         data.each do |para|                                                      #% case follows with levels 1-6 indents & graphics
           mono=SiSU_TeX_Pdf::Format_text_object.new(@md,para)
@@ -470,7 +472,7 @@ WOK
             when /^4#{@@tilde}/;       mono.level4
             when /^5#{@@tilde}/;       mono.level5
             when /^6#{@@tilde}/;       mono.level6
-            when /^<:i1>/;             mono.indent1 
+            when /^<:i1>/;             mono.indent1
             when /^<:i2>/;             mono.indent2
             when /<:=/;                mono.symbol_graphic #watch
             when /^\s*<:image\s+/;     mono.image
@@ -491,7 +493,7 @@ WOK
         @tex_file << "\n\\newpage\n" # was \\pagebreak\n
         @md.subtitle_tex=@md.subtitle.dup if @md.subtitle
         # kludge ... look again later
-        @tex_file << if @md.doc_skin !~/skin_mail/; @tex.doc_tail 
+        @tex_file << if @md.doc_skin !~/skin_mail/; @tex.doc_tail
         else                                        @tex.mail_tail
         end
         if defined? @md.lnk and @md.lnk
@@ -516,7 +518,7 @@ WOK
             end
           end
         end
-        @tex_file << " #{@tex.sitename} home: \\\\ 
+        @tex_file << " #{@tex.sitename} home: \\\\
 \\begin{bfseries}#{@tex.site}\\end{bfseries}
 "
         #Stamp.stamp #removed 200408 but watch
@@ -535,23 +537,7 @@ WOK
         end
         @tex_file << "\n\\end{document}"
       end
-      def footnote_call_number
-        data=@data
-        data.each do |word|
-          if word =~/<:e>/
-            @@tex_footnote_array[@@tex_footnote_call_counter].strip!  if @@tex_footnote_array[@@tex_footnote_call_counter]
-            word.gsub!(/<:e>/,
-              " \\footnote{%\n #{@@tex_footnote_array[@@tex_footnote_call_counter]}} ")
-            @@tex_footnote_call_counter+=1
-          end
-        end
-      end
-      def numbering
-        data=@data
-        LaTeX_create.new(data,@md,@orientation).number_paras if @md.markup !~/not_to/
-      end
-      def number_paras
-        data=@data
+      def number_paras(data)
         @tex_file=[]
         data.each do |para|
           if para =~/<\\~(\d+);(?:[oh]|[0-6]:)\d+;\w\d+><#@dp:#@dp>$/ and para !~/\\end\{longtable\}|<EOF>/ #catch <!TZ!>
@@ -569,7 +555,7 @@ WOK
           #elsif para =~/<!T.+?!~\d+?>/
           elsif para =~/^<~\d+;(?:[oh]|[0-6]:)\d+;\w\d+>/ #extra 2005 this is added for tables, rationalise
             m=/<~(\d+);[oh]\d+;\w\d+>/m
-            paranum=para[m, 1]
+            paranum=para[m,1]
             para.gsub!(/<~\d+;(?:[oh]|[0-6]:)\d+;\w\d+>/,'')
             para="\\marginpar{\\begin{tiny}#{paranum}\\end{tiny}}" + para
           elsif para =~/\\end\{longtable\}/ #catch <!TZ!>
@@ -580,30 +566,30 @@ WOK
         end
         @tex_file
       end
-      def output
-        data=@data
-        @tex_file=[]
+      def output(data)
         data.flatten!
         data.compact!
-        data.each do |para|
-          para.gsub!(/^\s+/,'')
-          @tex_file << para
-        end
         fns_l=@md.fns.gsub(/~/,'-') #this is a sorry fix, but necessary as it appears latex programs like not ~
-        if @orientation =~/landscape/    #@tex_file << "\n<!EOF!>"
+        if @orientation =~/landscape/
           filename_tex_landscape=File.new("#{@env.path.tex}/#{fns_l}.landscape.tex",'w+')
-          filename_tex_landscape << @@tex_head_landscape 
-          @tex_file.each {|para| filename_tex_landscape.puts para,"\n" unless para.empty?}
+          filename_tex_landscape << @@tex_head_landscape
+          data.each do |para|
+            para.gsub!(/^\s+/,'')
+            filename_tex_landscape.puts para,"\n" if para !~/\A\s*\Z/
+          end
           filename_tex_landscape.close
           @@tex_head_landscape=[]
         elsif @orientation =~/portrait/
           filename_tex_portrait=File.new("#{@env.path.tex}/#{fns_l}.tex",'w+')
           filename_tex_portrait << @@tex_head_portrait
-          @tex_file.each {|para| filename_tex_portrait.puts para,"\n" unless para.empty?} 
+          data.each do |para|
+            para.gsub!(/^\s+/,'')
+            filename_tex_portrait.puts para,"\n" if para !~/\A\s*\Z/
+          end
           filename_tex_portrait.close
           @@tex_head_portrait=[]
         end
-        @tex_file=[]
+        data=[]
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/texpdf_format.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/texpdf_format.rb
index db18ce61..ea418dd2 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/texpdf_format.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/texpdf_format.rb
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@
 =end
 module SiSU_TeX_Pdf
   @@table_pg_break_counter=1
-  require SiSU_lib + '/param'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/param"
   include SiSU_Param
   include SiSU_Viz
   class Use_TeX
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ WOK
       v=SiSU_Env::Info_version.new.get_version
       base_prog_txt=if @md.base_program
         case @md.base_program
-        when /kdissert/i; "\n\\\\ This document prepared using \\href{http://freehackers.org/~tnagy/kdissert/}{Kdissert \\ http://freehackers.org/~tnagy/kdissert/ } \\\\ Kdissert is Document Mapping software by Thomas Nagy" 
+        when /kdissert/i; "\n\\\\ This document prepared using \\href{http://freehackers.org/~tnagy/kdissert/}{Kdissert \\ http://freehackers.org/~tnagy/kdissert/ } \\\\ Kdissert is Document Mapping software by Thomas Nagy"
         else ''
         end
       else ''
@@ -134,12 +134,12 @@ WOK
 <<WOK
 \\\\ ~
 {\\begin{footnotesize}#{base_prog_txt}
-\\\\ Generated by \\href{http://www.jus.uio.no/sisu}{SiSU \\ www.jus.uio.no/sisu } \\begin{tiny}[ #{v[:project]} #{v[:version]} of #{v[:date_stamp]} ]\\end{tiny} 
-\\\\ using SiSU: object citation numbering, markup, meta-markup, and system 
+\\\\ Generated by \\href{http://www.jus.uio.no/sisu}{SiSU \\ www.jus.uio.no/sisu } \\begin{tiny}[ #{v[:project]} #{v[:version]} of #{v[:date_stamp]} ]\\end{tiny}
+\\\\ using SiSU: object citation numbering, markup, meta-markup, and system
 \\\\ #@copymark Ralph Amissah 1997, current #{@date.year}, All Rights Reserved.
 \\\\ SiSU is released under \\href{http://www.fsf.org/licenses/gpl.html}{GPL 2 } or later, \\href{http://www.fsf.org/licenses/gpl.html}{http://www.fsf.org/licenses/gpl.html}.
 {\\end{footnotesize}
-\\\\ 
+\\\\
 WOK
     end
     def doc_sc_info_footnote_full
@@ -154,10 +154,10 @@ WOK
       v=SiSU_Env::Info_version.new.get_version
 <<WOK
 \\\\
-{\\begin{footnotesize} 
+{\\begin{footnotesize}
 Document version information: \\\\
 \\emph{sourcefile} \\uline{#{@md.fnstex}}; \\emph{version} \\uline{#{@md.sc_number}}; \\emph{date} \\uline{#{@md.sc_date}}; \\emph{time} \\uline{#{@md.sc_time}} \\\\
-Generated by \\href{http://www.jus.uio.no/sisu}{SiSU www.jus.uio.no/sisu }\\- version information: \\\\ 
+Generated by \\href{http://www.jus.uio.no/sisu}{SiSU www.jus.uio.no/sisu }\\- version information: \\\\
 \\uline{ #{v[:project]} #{v[:version]} of #{v[:date_stamp]}}
 \\end{footnotesize}}&
 WOK
@@ -166,10 +166,10 @@ WOK
       v=SiSU_Env::Info_version.new.get_version
 <<WOK
 \\\\
-{\\begin{small} 
+{\\begin{small}
 Document information: \\\\
 \\emph{sourcefile} \\uline{#{@md.fnstex}} \\\\
-Generated by \\href{http://www.jus.uio.no/sisu}{SiSU www.jus.uio.no/sisu }\\- version information: \\\\ 
+Generated by \\href{http://www.jus.uio.no/sisu}{SiSU www.jus.uio.no/sisu }\\- version information: \\\\
 \\uline{ #{v[:project]} #{v[:version]} of #{v[:date_stamp]}}
 
 \\end{small}}&
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ WOK
       url=@md.fnb.gsub(/(?:\\)*([$&~%_#}{^])/,'\\\\\1')
       fn=@md.fn[:manifest].gsub(/(?:\\)*([$&~%_#}{^])/,'\\\\\1')
 <<WOK
-{\\begin{footnotesize} 
+{\\begin{footnotesize}
 \\\\ For alternative output formats of this document check:
 \\\\ \\begin{scriptsize}\\href{#{@vz.url_root_http}/#{url}/#{fn}}{#{@vz.url_root_http}/#{url}/#{fn}}\\end{scriptsize}
 \\end{footnotesize}}&
@@ -211,12 +211,12 @@ WOK
 \\\\
 \"Support Open Standards and Open Sources for the Information Technology Infrastructure\" RA\\subsubsection*{Information on this document copy #{site}}
 \\addcontentsline{toc}{subsection}{Information on this document copy}
-{\\begin{footnotesize} 
+{\\begin{footnotesize}
 \\\\ Generated by \\href{http://www.jus.uio.no/sisu/}{SiSU} found at \\href{http://www.jus.uio.no/sisu/}{www.jus.uio.no/sisu} \\begin{tiny}[ #{v[:project]} #{v[:version]} #{v[:date_stamp]} ]\\end{tiny} (using SiSU: object citation numbering, markup, meta-markup, and system) #@copymark Ralph Amissah 1997, current #{@date.year}, All Rights Reserved.
-\\\\ SiSU is released under \\href{http://www.fsf.org/licenses/gpl.html}{GPL 2 } or later (\\href{http://www.fsf.org/licenses/gpl.html}{www.fsf.org/licenses/gpl.html}). {\\end{footnotesize} 
-{\\begin{small} 
+\\\\ SiSU is released under \\href{http://www.fsf.org/licenses/gpl.html}{GPL 2 } or later (\\href{http://www.fsf.org/licenses/gpl.html}{www.fsf.org/licenses/gpl.html}). {\\end{footnotesize}
+{\\begin{small}
 \\\\ W3 since October 3 1993 \\href{http://www.jus.uio.no/sisu/}{#{sisu_ico}}SiSU 1997, current #{@date.year}. \\\\ #{sitename} presentations at \\begin{bfseries}#{site}\\end{bfseries} \\\\ \\\\ #{@md.title} \\textbf{pdf} versions can be found at:  \\\\
-{\\end{small} 
+{\\end{small}
 \\begin{scriptsize}\\href{#{@vz.url_root_http}/#{url}/#{@md.fn[:pdf_p]}}{#{@vz.url_root_http}/#{url}/#{@md.fn[:pdf_p]}}\\end{scriptsize}  \\\\
 \\begin{scriptsize}\\href{#{@vz.url_root_http}/#{url}/#{@md.fn[:pdf_l]}}{#{@vz.url_root_http}/#{url}/#{@md.fn[:pdf_l]}}\\end{scriptsize}  \\\\
 \\\\\n#{@md.title} \\textbf{html} versions may be found at: \\\\
@@ -275,7 +275,7 @@ WOK
       if @string[/<!Th?¡\s+c(\d+);(.+?)!\\~(\d+;\w\d+;\w\d+)>/]
         no_of_cols,cols_width,ocn=$1,$2,$3
         tw=case @md.papersize
-        when /a4/i;      @tx.a4.landscape.w     #European default, SiSU default 
+        when /a4/i;      @tx.a4.landscape.w     #European default, SiSU default
         when /letter/i;  @tx.letter.landscape.w #U.S. default
         when /legal/i;   @tx.legal.landscape.w  #U.S. alternative
         when /book|b5/i; @tx.b5.landscape.w     #book default - larger
@@ -327,7 +327,7 @@ WOK
       if @string[/<!Th?¡\s+c(\d+);(.+?)!\\~(\d+;\w\d+;\w\d+)>/]
         no_of_cols,cols_width,ocn=$1,$2,$3
         tw=case @md.papersize
-        when /a4/i;      @tx.a4.portrait.w     #European default, SiSU default 
+        when /a4/i;      @tx.a4.portrait.w     #European default, SiSU default
         when /letter/i;  @tx.letter.portrait.w #U.S. default
         when /legal/i;   @tx.legal.portrait.w  #U.S. alternative
         when /book|b5/i; @tx.b5.portrait.w     #book default - larger
@@ -375,13 +375,13 @@ WOK
       @string="<~#{ocn}>" + @string
     end
     def scopedtable
-      # some features related to headers have been incorporated in longtable that are not included yet here, 
+      # some features related to headers have been incorporated in longtable that are not included yet here,
       # so until synced is broken on some input files, work needs to be done if is to work as before
       @end_table="\\end{tabular}"
       @row_break='\\\\\\\\'
       @break_page="#@row_break\n#@row_break \n"
       if @string[/<!Th?¡\s+c(\d+);(.+?)!>/]
-        no_of_cols, cols_width=$1,$2
+        no_of_cols,cols_width=$1,$2
         @w=cols_width.split(/;\s*/)
         @colW=[]
         @w.each  do |x|
@@ -397,7 +397,7 @@ WOK
       end
       if @string =~/<!¡/
         if @@table_pg_break_counter == 28 # taken from 34 ideal for portrait to 28 which suits landscape
-          @string = "\n\n#@end_table \n#@break_page#@start_table\n"
+          @string="\n\n#@end_table \n#@break_page#@start_table\n"
           @@table_pg_break_counter=1
         else
           @string.gsub!(/<!¡/,'')
@@ -595,8 +595,8 @@ WOK
       cont_ln.gsub!(/#{@@tex_pattern_margin_number}/,'')
       cont_ln.gsub!(/#{lev}#{@@tilde}\s+/,'')
       if para =~/\\[Ff]ootnote/ #and para =~/^[1-6]#{@@tilde}/ # removing footnotes from headings!
-        cont_ln.gsub!(/\s*\\footnote\[\d+\]\{%\n .+? \}\s*/,' ') 
-        cont_ln.gsub!(/\s*\\Footnote[A]\{[*+]+\d*\}\{%\n .+? \}\s*/,' ') 
+        cont_ln.gsub!(/\s*\\footnote\[\d+\]\{%\n .+? \}\s*/,' ')
+        cont_ln.gsub!(/\s*\\Footnote[A]\{[*+]+\d*\}\{%\n .+? \}\s*/,' ')
       end
       para.gsub!(/(#{@md.lev}.*)\n?$/m,"\\part*{\\1}
 \\addcontentsline{toc}{section}{#{cont_ln}}
@@ -604,7 +604,7 @@ WOK
       para.gsub!(/^#{lev}#{@@tilde}\s*(.*)\n?$/m,
         "\\part*{\\1}
 \\addcontentsline{toc}{section}{#{cont_ln}}
-\\markboth{#{title}}\n") 
+\\markboth{#{title}}\n")
     end
     def level1
       heading_major(@string,1)
@@ -626,22 +626,22 @@ WOK
       cont_ln.gsub!(/\\Footnote[A]\{[*+]+\d*\}\{%.+?\\end\{scriptsize\}\s*\}/m,'') #arbitrary bugfix, revisit should not be necessary, eg. wta.1994 2004w22
       title=@md.title
       @string.gsub!(/#{@md.lv4}\s+(#{@md.lv4})/m,'\1')
-      if @string =~/4#{@@tilde}endnotes|<:4-endnotes>/  
+      if @string =~/4#{@@tilde}endnotes|<:4-endnotes>/
         # watch exclusion removes endnotes marker from pdf 2003w03
         @string.gsub!(/.+/m,'')
       end
       if @string =~/\\footnote/ #and para =~/^[1-6]#{@@tilde}/ # removing footnotes from headings!
-        cont_ln.gsub!(/\s*\\footnote\[\d+\]\{%\n .+? \}\s*/,' ') 
-        cont_ln.gsub!(/\s*\\Footnote[A]\{[*+]+\d*\}\{%\n .+? \}\s*/,' ') 
+        cont_ln.gsub!(/\s*\\footnote\[\d+\]\{%\n .+? \}\s*/,' ')
+        cont_ln.gsub!(/\s*\\Footnote[A]\{[*+]+\d*\}\{%\n .+? \}\s*/,' ')
       end
       if @string !~/4#{@@tilde}/
         @string.gsub!(/(#{@md.lv4}.*)\n?$/m,"\\subsubsection*{\\1}
 \\addcontentsline{toc}{subsection}{#{cont_ln}}
-\\markright{#{title}}") 
+\\markright{#{title}}")
       else
         @string.gsub!(/^\s*4#{@@tilde}\S+\s*(.*)?\n?$/m,"\\subsubsection*{\\1}
 \\addcontentsline{toc}{subsection}{#{cont_ln}}
-\\markright{#{title}}") 
+\\markright{#{title}}")
       end
       @string.gsub!(/#{@md.lv4}\s*(.marginpar)/m,'\1')
     end
@@ -657,8 +657,8 @@ WOK
       cont_ln.gsub!(/\\\&/,' and ') #revisit: tmp bugfix 200507, substitutes & with 'and' in toc, needed e.g. for AT&T, see ffa
       @string.gsub!(/#{@md.lv5}\s+(#{@md.lv5})/m,'\1')
       if @string =~/\\footnote/ #and para =~/^[1-6]#{@@tilde}/ # removing footnotes from headings!
-        cont_ln.gsub!(/\s*\\footnote\[\d+\]\{%\n .+? \}\s*/,' ') 
-        cont_ln.gsub!(/\s*\\Footnote[A]\{[*+]+\d*\}\{%\n .+? \}\s*/,' ') 
+        cont_ln.gsub!(/\s*\\footnote\[\d+\]\{%\n .+? \}\s*/,' ')
+        cont_ln.gsub!(/\s*\\Footnote[A]\{[*+]+\d*\}\{%\n .+? \}\s*/,' ')
       end
       if @string !~/5#{@@tilde}/
         @string.gsub!(/(#{@md.lv5}.*?)\n?$/m,"\\subsubsection*{\\1}
@@ -682,8 +682,8 @@ WOK
       cont_ln.gsub!(/\\Footnote[A]\{[*+]+\d*\}\{%.+?\\end\{scriptsize\}\s*\}/m,'') #arbitrary bugfix, revisit should not be necessary, eg. wta.1994 2004w22
       @string.gsub!(/#{@md.lv6}\s+(#{@md.lv6})/m,'\1')
       if @string =~/\\footnote/ #and para =~/^[1-6]#{@@tilde}/ # removing footnotes from headings!
-        cont_ln.gsub!(/\s*\\footnote\[\d+\]\{%\n .+? \}\s*/,' ') 
-        cont_ln.gsub!(/\s*\\Footnote[A]\{[*+]+\d*\}\{%\n .+? \}\s*/,' ') 
+        cont_ln.gsub!(/\s*\\footnote\[\d+\]\{%\n .+? \}\s*/,' ')
+        cont_ln.gsub!(/\s*\\Footnote[A]\{[*+]+\d*\}\{%\n .+? \}\s*/,' ')
       end
       @string.gsub!(/(#{@md.lv6}.*)\n?$/m,
         "\\subsubsection*{\\1}") if (@string !~/6#{@@tilde}/)
@@ -702,7 +702,7 @@ WOK
       @string.gsub!(/<:i2>(.*)/m,
         '\begin{ParagraphIndent}{0.02\columnwidth} \1
 \end{ParagraphIndent}
-') 
+')
     end
     def symbol_graphic
       dir=SiSU_Env::Info_env.new(@md.fns)
@@ -713,7 +713,7 @@ WOK
       else
         tell=SiSU_Screen::Ansi.new(@md.cmd,"ERROR - image:",%{"#{image}" missing},"search path: #{dir.path.image_source_tex}")
         tell.error2 unless @md.cmd =~/q/
-        @string.gsub!(/\{\S+\.(png|jpg|gif).+?\}(?:https?|ftp):\/\/\S+/,'') # fragile match operator\\ fragile ! 
+        @string.gsub!(/\{\S+\.(png|jpg|gif).+?\}(?:https?|ftp):\/\/\S+/,'') # fragile match operator\\ fragile !
       end
     end
     def image
@@ -736,7 +736,7 @@ WOK
         @string.gsub!(/<:image\s+((?:https?|ftp)\S+)\s+(\S+)\s+.+\s+?>/,
           @center_begin + "\\href{\\1}{\\includegraphics*[width=#{width}pt]{#{image_source}/\\2}}" + @center_end )
         @string.gsub!(/<:image\s+(\S+)\s+.+\s+?>/,
-          @center_begin + "\\includegraphics*[width=#{width}pt]{#{image_source}/\\1}" + @center_end )          
+          @center_begin + "\\includegraphics*[width=#{width}pt]{#{image_source}/\\1}" + @center_end )
       else @string.gsub!(/<:image\s+(\S+)\s+.+\s+?>/,'\1}')
       end
     end
@@ -772,10 +772,10 @@ WOK
         nil
       end
       if image_source
-        @string.gsub!(/\\\{\S+\.(png|jpg|gif).+?\}(image|png)/, # fragile match operator\\ fragile ! 
+        @string.gsub!(/\\\{\S+\.(png|jpg|gif).+?\}(image|png)/, # fragile match operator\\ fragile !
           "#@center_begin\n\\includegraphics*[width=#{width}pt]{#{image_source}/#{image}}#{caption}#@center_end")
       else
-        @string.gsub!(/\\\{\S+\.(png|jpg|gif).+?\}(image|png)/,'') # fragile match operator\\ fragile ! 
+        @string.gsub!(/\\\{\S+\.(png|jpg|gif).+?\}(image|png)/,'') # fragile match operator\\ fragile !
       end
     end
     def http_word_mode(orientation='')
@@ -791,7 +791,7 @@ WOK
             r=%r/\\\{(.+?)\\?\}((?:https?|ftp):\S+)/
             d=''
           end
-          z,url=r.match(word).captures if word =~r 
+          z,url=r.match(word).captures if word =~r
           url=url.strip
           if word =~/\{\s*\S+\.?(?:png|jpg|gif)/ and word=~/\s+\d+x\d+\s+/
             image,x,y=z.scan(/\S+/)
@@ -826,21 +826,21 @@ WOK
           end
           ins=if image #most images fc etc. #% clean up !
             out=if @md.fns =~/\._?sst$/ and FileTest.file?("#{dir.path.image_source_local_tex}/#{image}")
-              @center_begin +          
+              @center_begin +
               "\\\n\\href{#{url}}" + #not satisfactory: \\ added to ^line to mimic reference file output
               "{\\includegraphics*[width=#{width}pt]" +
               "{#{dir.path.image_source_local_tex}/#{image}}}" +
               "#{caption}" +
               @center_end if word =~ /(\{[a-zA-Z0-9_\\]+\.(?:png|jpg|gif).+?\}(?:https?|ftp):\/\/\S+)/
             elsif @md.fns =~/\.-ss[tm]$/ and FileTest.file?("#{dir.path.image_source_remote_tex}/#{image}")
-              @center_begin +          
+              @center_begin +
               "\\\n\\href{#{url}}" + #not satisfactory: \\ added to ^line to mimic reference file output
               "{\\includegraphics*[width=#{width}pt]" +
               "{#{dir.path.image_source_remote_tex}/#{image}}}"  +
               "#{caption}" +
               @center_end if word =~ /(\{[a-zA-Z0-9_\\]+\.(?:png|jpg|gif).+?\}(?:https?|ftp):\/\/\S+)/
             elsif FileTest.file?("#{dir.path.image_source_tex}/#{image}")
-              @center_begin +          
+              @center_begin +
               "\\\n\\href{#{url}}\n" + #not satisfactory: \\ added to ^line to mimic reference file output, mirror above ... not tested
               "{\\includegraphics*[width=#{width}pt]" +
               "{#{dir.path.image_source_tex}/#{image}}}" +
@@ -849,7 +849,7 @@ WOK
             else
               tell=SiSU_Screen::Ansi.new(@md.cmd,"ERROR - image:",%{"#{image}" missing},"search locations: #{dir.path.image_source_local_tex},#{dir.path.image_source_remote_tex} and #{dir.path.image_source_tex}")
               tell.error2 unless @md.cmd =~/q/
-              '' if word =~ /\{\S+\.(png|jpg|gif).+?\}(?:https?|ftp):\/\/\S+/ 
+              '' if word =~ /\{\S+\.(png|jpg|gif).+?\}(?:https?|ftp):\/\/\S+/
             end
           else
             link=z.strip #[/(.+?)\\/m,1]
@@ -860,7 +860,7 @@ WOK
       end
       @words.join
     end
-    def http(orientation) 
+    def http(orientation)
       wm=@string.dup.scan(/\\\{.+?\\\}(?:(?:https?|ftp):\S+|image)|\w+\s*|./m) #first match of interest others passed through
       @string=SiSU_TeX_Pdf::Format_text_object.new(@md,wm).http_word_mode(orientation)
     end
@@ -924,11 +924,11 @@ WOK
     def tex_head_encode
       case @md.file_encoding
       when /iso-?8859/i                                                         #% iso8859
-      <<WOK 
+      <<WOK
 \\usepackage[latin1]{inputenc}
 WOK
       else                                                                      #% utf-8 assumed
-      <<WOK 
+      <<WOK
 \\usepackage{babel}
 \\usepackage{ucs}
 \\usepackage[utf8x]{inputenc}
@@ -951,7 +951,7 @@ WOK
     def tex_head_paper_portrait(d)
       <<WOK
 #{tex_head_info}
-\\documentclass[#{d[:fontsize]},#{d[:papertype]},#{tex_head_lang},titlepage]{scrartcl}        %with titlepage 
+\\documentclass[#{d[:fontsize]},#{d[:papertype]},#{tex_head_lang},titlepage]{scrartcl}        %with titlepage
 \\setlength{\\textheight}{#{d[:textheight]}mm}  \\setlength{\\textwidth}{#{d[:textwidth]}mm}
 \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{#{d[:oddsidemargin]}}  \\setlength{\\evensidemargin}{#{d[:evensidemargin]}}
 \\setlength{\\topmargin}{#{d[:topmargin]}}  \\setlength{\\headheight}{#{d[:headheight]}}
@@ -983,7 +983,7 @@ WOK
         d[:headheight],d[:headsep],d[:columnsep]='12pt','35pt',''
         d[:marginparsep],d[:marginparwidth]='4mm','8mm'
         case @md.papersize
-        when /a4/i           #European default, SiSU default 
+        when /a4/i           #European default, SiSU default
           d[:papertype],d[:fontsize]='a4paper','12pt'
           d[:textheight],d[:textwidth]=@tx.a4.portrait.h,@tx.a4.portrait.w
         when /letter/i   #U.S. default
@@ -1009,7 +1009,7 @@ WOK
         d[:headheight],d[:headsep],d[:columnsep]='12pt','20pt','40pt'
         d[:marginparsep],d[:marginparwidth]='4mm','8mm'
         case @md.papersize
-        when /a4/i                            #European default, SiSU default 
+        when /a4/i                            #European default, SiSU default
           d[:papertype],d[:fontsize]='a4paper','12pt'
           d[:textheight],d[:textwidth]=@tx.a4.landscape.h,@tx.a4.landscape.w
         when /letter/i                    #U.S. default
@@ -1035,9 +1035,9 @@ WOK
       d={}
       case @string
       when /portrait/
-        tex_head_paper_portrait(tex_head_paper_dimensions) 
+        tex_head_paper_portrait(tex_head_paper_dimensions)
       when /landscape/
-        tex_head_paper_landscape(tex_head_paper_dimensions) 
+        tex_head_paper_landscape(tex_head_paper_dimensions)
       end
     end
     def tex_head_pdftex
@@ -1045,7 +1045,7 @@ WOK
       when /portrait/
       <<WOK
   colorlinks=true,
-  urlcolor=myblack, 
+  urlcolor=myblack,
   filecolor=myblack,
   linkcolor=myblack,
 WOK
@@ -1137,7 +1137,8 @@ WOK
 \\item[]
 }
 {\\end{list}}
-\\usepackage{fancyhdr}\n\\lhead{}
+\\usepackage{fancyhdr}
+\\lhead{}
 \\renewcommand{\\part}{\\\@startsection
 {part}%
 {1}%
@@ -1179,7 +1180,7 @@ WOK
 {-2mm}%
 {-\\baselineskip}%
 {0.5\\baselineskip}%
-{\\normalfont\\normalsize\\itshape}}%\n
+{\\normalfont\\normalsize\\itshape}}%
 \\selectlanguage{#{language}}
 WOK
     end
@@ -1205,18 +1206,6 @@ WOK
       end
       @string
     end
-    def lev1
-    end
-    def lev2
-    end
-    def lev3
-    end
-    def lev4
-    end
-    def lev5
-    end
-    def lev6
-    end
   end
 end
 __END__
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/update.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/update.rb
index 811e0946..1b33ef92 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/update.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/update.rb
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@
                   ralph.amissah@gmail.com
 =end
 module SiSU_Update_control_flag
-  require SiSU_lib + '/sysenv'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/sysenv"
   include SiSU_Env
   include SiSU_Param
   class Check
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/urls.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/urls.rb
index 22f929e8..a1e72850 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/urls.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/urls.rb
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
    * http://www.jus.uio.no/sisu/SiSU/download.html
 
  * Description: urls for output files
- 
+
  * Copyright (C) 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Ralph Amissah
 
  * License: GPL 2 or later
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -47,10 +47,10 @@
                   ralph.amissah@gmail.com
 =end
 module SiSU_urls
-  require SiSU_lib + '/sysenv'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/sysenv"
   include SiSU_Env
   include SiSU_Screen
-  require SiSU_lib + '/param'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/param"
   include SiSU_Param
   class Source
     attr_reader :opt
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/webrick.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/webrick.rb
index b6f2bd67..d7565c24 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/webrick.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/webrick.rb
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ def brick(port,get='')
       :DocumentRoot => Dir::pwd + '/htdocs',
       :CGIPathEnv   => ENV['PATH']
     )
-    cgi_dir = File.expand_path(cgidir)
+    cgi_dir=File.expand_path(cgidir)
     @mount.each { |x,y|                                                        # mount subdirectories
       s.mount(x, HTTPServlet::FileHandler, y, true)
     }
@@ -69,13 +69,13 @@ def brick(port,get='')
   ensure
   end
 end
-begin                                                                          #% 
+begin                                                                          #%
   require 'webrick'
   include WEBrick
   require 'time'
   require 'fileutils'
   include FileUtils
-  require SiSU_lib + '/sysenv'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/sysenv"
   include SiSU_Env
   include SiSU_Screen
   @cX=SiSU_Screen::Ansi.new('yes').cX
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ begin                                                                          #
   port=SiSU_Env::Info_port.new
   @argv=$*
   @host=@env.url.webrick
-  #@host=ENV['HOSTNAME'] 
+  #@host=ENV['HOSTNAME']
   host='localhost'
   @port="#{@argv[0].to_i}"
   @port="#{port.webrick}" if @port =~ /^0$/
@@ -123,13 +123,13 @@ begin                                                                          #
       page.head { page.title {"#@host Webrick Report"} } +
       page.body {
         page.h1 {"Webrick #@host"} +
-        page.p {"Webrick is Ruby's built in webserver."} + 
-        page.center {"Host name: " + page.b{"#@host "} + "(#@host)  port: " + page.b{"#@port"}} + 
-        page.center {"#{Time.now}"} + 
-        page.center {"#{Time.now.strftime(%{%Yw%W})}"} + 
+        page.p {"Webrick is Ruby's built in webserver."} +
+        page.center {"Host name: " + page.b{"#@host "} + "(#@host)  port: " + page.b{"#@port"}} +
+        page.center {"#{Time.now}"} +
+        page.center {"#{Time.now.strftime(%{%Yw%W})}"} +
         #page.center { "Center " + page.em{"emphasise "} + page.i{"italicise " } + page.b{"bold "} + page.u{"underline "}} +
-        page.p {''} + 
-        page.p {''} + 
+        page.p {''} +
+        page.p {''} +
         page.p {page.b{"Webrick Served Directories: "}} +
 WOK
                                                            #% wb_s2 (mounts)
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ end
                                                            #% wb_end
   wb_end=<<WOK
         page.p {page.b{"Contents of PWD (see URL): "}} +
-        page.p {"#\{dir_contents}"} 
+        page.p {"#\{dir_contents}"}
       }
     }
   }
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/wikispeak.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/wikispeak.rb
index a8ae64f1..8e8100fc 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/wikispeak.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/wikispeak.rb
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -49,14 +49,14 @@
                   ralph.amissah@gmail.com
 =end
 module SiSU_Wikispeak
-  require SiSU_lib + '/dal'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/sysenv'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/dal"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/sysenv"
   include SiSU_Env
   include SiSU_Param
   include SiSU_Viz
-  require SiSU_lib + '/plaintext_format'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/plaintext_format"
   include Format
-  require SiSU_lib + '/shared_txt'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/shared_txt"
   pwd=Dir.pwd
   @@alt_id_count,@@alt_id_count,@@tablehead,@@number_of_cols=0,0,0,0
   @@tablefoot=''
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ module SiSU_Wikispeak
     end
     private
     class Split_text_object <Source
-      require SiSU_lib + '/plaintext_format'
+      require "#{SiSU_lib}/plaintext_format"
       include SiSU_Viz
       include Format
       @@alt_id_count=0
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ module SiSU_Wikispeak
         @format,@ocn='null','null'
         @dp=@@dp ||=SiSU_Env::Info_env.new.digest.pattern
       end
-      def lev_segname_para_ocn 
+      def lev_segname_para_ocn
         @text=nil
         if @para =~/^(\d~|<:.+?>).+?<~(\d+);(?:\w|[0-6]:)\d+;\w\d+><#@dp:#@dp>$/
           if /^(([1-6])~(\S+))\s+(\S.+?)<~(\d+);(?:\w|[0-6]:)\d+;\w\d+><#@dp:#@dp>$/m.match(@para)
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ module SiSU_Wikispeak
           elsif  /^(([1-6])~)\s+(\S.+?)<~(\d+);(?:\w|[0-6]:)\d+;\w\d+><#@dp:#@dp>$/m.match(@para)
             @format,@lev,@text,@ocn=$1,$2,$3,$4
           elsif /<:(.+?)>\s*(\S.+?)<~(\d+);(?:\w|[0-6]:)\d+;\w\d+><#@dp:#@dp>$/m.match(@para)
-            @format,@text,@ocn=$1,$2,$3,$4
+            @format,@text,@ocn=$1,$2,$3
           elsif /^(([1-6])~(\S+))\s+(\S.+?)<~(\d+);(?:\w|[0-6]:)\d+;[um]\d+><#@dp:#@dp>$/m.match(@para)
             @@alt_id_count+=1
             @format,@lev,segname,@text,@ocn=$1,$2,$3,$4,"x#{@@alt_id_count}"
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ module SiSU_Wikispeak
       end
     end
     class Scroll <Source
-      require SiSU_lib + '/shared_txt'
+      require "#{SiSU_lib}/shared_txt"
       include SiSU_text_utils
       @@endnotes_para=[]
       @@wiki={ :body=>[],:open=>[],:close=>[],:head=>[],:metadata=>[],:tail=>[],:endnotes=>[] }
@@ -227,8 +227,8 @@ WOK
         data=@data
         dir=SiSU_Env::Info_env.new(@md.fns)
         @data_mod,@endnotes,@level,@cont,@copen,@wiki_contents_close=Array.new(6){[]}
-        (0..6).each { |x| @cont[x]=@level[x]=false } 
-        (4..6).each { |x| @wiki_contents_close[x]='' } 
+        (0..6).each { |x| @cont[x]=@level[x]=false }
+        (4..6).each { |x| @wiki_contents_close[x]='' }
         wiki_tail
         table_message='[table omitted, see other document formats]'
         fix=[]
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/xhtml.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/xhtml.rb
index 7bf4e451..44293919 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/xhtml.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/xhtml.rb
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -48,23 +48,22 @@
 
  * Notes: tidy -xml scroll.xhtml >> index.tidy
 =end
-module SiSU_XHTML #XML_SAX derivative
-  require SiSU_lib + '/defaults'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/param'
+module SiSU_XHTML
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/defaults"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/param"
   include SiSU_Param
   include SiSU_Viz
-  require SiSU_lib + '/sysenv'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/sysenv"
   include SiSU_Env
-  require SiSU_lib + '/shared_xml'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/xml_format'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/dal"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/shared_xml"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/xml_format"
   include SiSU_XML_format
   include SiSU_XML_munge
-  require SiSU_lib + '/rexml'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/rexml"
   include SiSU_Rexml
-  @@alt_id_count=0
-  @@tablehead=0
+  @@alt_id_count,@@tablehead,@@number_of_cols=0,0,0
   @@tablefoot=''
-  @@number_of_cols=0
   class Source
     def initialize(opt)
       @opt=opt
@@ -81,17 +80,17 @@ module SiSU_XHTML #XML_SAX derivative
         end
         SiSU_Screen::Ansi.new(@opt.cmd,'invert','XHTML',tool).colorize unless @opt.cmd =~/q/
         SiSU_Screen::Ansi.new(@opt.cmd,@opt.fns,"#{@env.path.output_tell}/#{@md.fnb}/#{@md.fn[:xhtml]}").flow if @opt.cmd =~/[MV]/
-        my_make=SiSU_Env::Create_file.new(@opt.cmd,@opt.fns)
         @dal_array=SiSU_DAL::Source.new(@opt).get # dal file drawn here
-        SiSU_XHTML::Source::Songsheet.new(@md,@dal_array,@env).songsheet
+        SiSU_XHTML::Source::Songsheet.new(@dal_array,@md,@env).songsheet
       rescue; SiSU_Errors::Info_error.new($!,$@,@opt.cmd,@opt.fns).error
       ensure
         #file closed in songsheet
       end
     end
+    private
     class Songsheet
-      def initialize(md,data,dir)
-        @md,@data,@env=md,data,dir
+      def initialize(data,md,dir)
+        @data,@md,@env=data,md,dir
       end
       def songsheet
         begin
@@ -105,8 +104,8 @@ module SiSU_XHTML #XML_SAX derivative
     end
     class Scroll
       @@xml={ :body=>[],:sisu=>[],:open=>[],:close=>[],:head=>[] }
-      require SiSU_lib + '/shared_txt'
-      require SiSU_lib + '/css'
+      require "#{SiSU_lib}/shared_txt"
+      require "#{SiSU_lib}/css"
       include SiSU_text_utils
       @@dp=nil
       def initialize(md=nil,data='')
@@ -127,16 +126,16 @@ module SiSU_XHTML #XML_SAX derivative
       end
     protected
       def embedded_endntoes(para='')
-        para.gsub!(/~\{(\d+)\s+(.+?)\s*<#@dp>\}~/, 
+        para.gsub!(/~\{(\d+)\s+(.+?)\s*<#@dp>\}~/,
           '<endnote><number>\1</number><note>\2</note></endnote> ')
-        para.gsub!(/~\[([*+]\d+)\s+(.+?)\s*<#@dp>\]~/, 
+        para.gsub!(/~\[([*+]\d+)\s+(.+?)\s*<#@dp>\]~/,
           '<endnote><symbol>\1</symbol><note>\2</note></endnote> ')
-        para.gsub!(/~\{([*+]+)\s+(.+?)\s*<#@dp>\}~/, 
+        para.gsub!(/~\{([*+]+)\s+(.+?)\s*<#@dp>\}~/,
           '<endnote><symbol>\1</symbol><note>\2</note></endnote> ')
       end
       def extract_endnotes(para='')
         notes=para.scan(/~[{\[]([\d*+]+\s+.+?)\s*<#@dp>[}\]]~/)
-        notes.each do |e| 
+        notes.flatten.each do |e|
           s=e.to_s
           util=SiSU_text_utils::Wrap.new(s,70)
           wrap=util.line_wrap
@@ -145,26 +144,26 @@ module SiSU_XHTML #XML_SAX derivative
 #{@tab*2}\\1. \\2
 #{@tab*1}</endnote>
 WOK
-) 
+)
           wrap.gsub!(/^([*+]\d+)\s+(.+?)\s*\Z/m, <<WOK
 #{@tab*1}<endnote symbol="\\1">
 #{@tab*2}\\1 \\2
 #{@tab*1}</endnote>
 WOK
-) 
+)
           wrap.gsub!(/^([*+]+)\s+(.+?)\s*\Z/m, <<WOK
 #{@tab*1}<endnote symbol="\\1.length">
 #{@tab*2}\\1 \\2
 #{@tab*1}</endnote>
 WOK
-) 
+)
 #KEEP alternative presentation of endnotes
 #        wrap.gsub!(/^(\d+)\s+(.+?)\s*\Z/m, <<WOK
 ##{@tab*1}<p class="endnote" notenumber="\\1">
 ##{@tab*2}\\1. \\2
 ##{@tab*1}</p>
 #WOK
-#) 
+#)
           @endnotes << wrap
         end
       end
@@ -196,9 +195,9 @@ WOK
           util=SiSU_text_utils::Wrap.new(paragraph,70)
           wrapped=util.line_wrap
         end
-        @@xml[:body] << "#{@tab*0}<object>" << "\n" if para[@regx] 
+        @@xml[:body] << "#{@tab*0}<object>" << "\n" if para[@regx]
         @@xml[:body] << "#{@tab*1}<ocn>#{para[@regx,3]}</ocn>" << "\n" if para[@regx,3]
-        @@xml[:body] << if lv; %{#{@tab*1}<text class="h#{lv}">#{wrapped}</text>\n} << "\n" 
+        @@xml[:body] << if lv; %{#{@tab*1}<text class="h#{lv}">#{wrapped}</text>\n} << "\n"
         else                   %{#{@tab*1}<text class="norm">#{wrapped}</text>\n} # main text, contents, body KEEP
         end
         ##@@xml[:body] << "#{@tab*1}<text>#{para[@regx,2]}</text>\n" if para[@regx,2] # old unwrapped main text, contents, body KEEP
@@ -210,22 +209,21 @@ WOK
         n3=lv + 2
         lv=nil if lv == 0
         extract_endnotes(para)
-        #puts @endnotes
         para.gsub!(/~[{\[]([\d*+]+)\s+(?:.+?)\s*<#@dp>[}\]]~/,'<en>\1</en>') #footnote/endnote clean
         if para[@regx]
           paragraph="#{para[@regx,2]}"
           util=SiSU_text_utils::Wrap.new(paragraph,70)
           wrapped=util.line_wrap
         end
-        @@xml[:body] << if para[@regx,3]; %{#{@tab*0}<object id="#{para[@regx,3]}">} << "\n" 
-        else                              "#{@tab*0}<object>" << "\n" if para[@regx] 
+        @@xml[:body] << if para[@regx,3]; %{#{@tab*0}<object id="#{para[@regx,3]}">} << "\n"
+        else                              "#{@tab*0}<object>" << "\n" if para[@regx]
         end
-        #@@xml[:body] << "#{@tab*0}<object>" << "\n" if para[@regx] 
+        #@@xml[:body] << "#{@tab*0}<object>" << "\n" if para[@regx]
         #@@xml[:body] << "#{@tab*1}<heading>#{lv}</heading>" << "\n" if lv
         @@xml[:body] << %{#{@tab*1}<text class="#{type}">\n#{@tab*2}#{wrapped}\n#{@tab*1}</text>\n} unless lv  # main text, contents, body KEEP
         @@xml[:body] << %{#{@tab*1}<text class="h#{lv}">\n#{@tab*2}#{wrapped}\n#{@tab*1}</text>\n}  << "\n" if lv # main text, contents, body KEEP
         #@@xml[:body] << %{#{@tab*1}<text heading="#{lv}">\n} << "\n" if lv
-        @@xml[:body] << "#{@endnotes}" if @endnotes # main text, endnotes KEEP
+        @@xml[:body] << @endnotes.compact.join if @endnotes.length > 0 # main text, endnotes KEEP
         @@xml[:body] << "#{@tab*1}<ocn>#{para[@regx,3]}</ocn>" << "\n" if para[@regx,3]
         ##@@xml[:body] << "#{@tab*1}<text>#{para[@regx,2]}</text>\n" if para[@regx,2] # old unwrapped main text, contents, body KEEP
         @@xml[:body] << "#{@tab*0}</object>" << "\n" if para[@regx]
@@ -266,7 +264,7 @@ WOK
         @@xml[:body] << "#{@tab*0}</object>" << "\n"
       end
       def table_structure(table='',ocn='') #tables
-        @@xml[:body] << %{#{@tab*0}<object id="#{ocn}">} << "\n" #if para[@regx] 
+        @@xml[:body] << %{#{@tab*0}<object id="#{ocn}">} << "\n" #if para[@regx]
         @@xml[:body] << %{#{@tab*1}#{table}\n#{@tab*1}\n} # unless lv  # main text, contents, body KEEP
         @@xml[:body] << "#{@tab*0}</object>" << "\n" #if para[@regx]
         @endnotes=[]
@@ -276,8 +274,8 @@ WOK
         @endnotes=[]
         @rcdc=false
         @level,@cont,@copen,@xml_contents_close=[],[],[],[]
-        (0..6).each { |x| @cont[x]=@level[x]=false } 
-        (4..6).each { |x| @xml_contents_close[x]='' } 
+        (0..6).each { |x| @cont[x]=@level[x]=false }
+        (4..6).each { |x| @xml_contents_close[x]='' }
         data.each do |para|
           para=@trans.markup(para)
           @trans.char_enc.utf8(para) if @sys.locale =~/utf-?8/i #% utf8
@@ -285,9 +283,9 @@ WOK
             d_meta=SiSU_text_utils::Header_scan.new(@md,para).meta
             if d_meta; xml_head(d_meta)
 	          end
-	        end
+          end
           @rcdc=true if @rcdc==false and (para =~/~metadata/ or para =~/1~\s+Document Information/)
-          if para !~/(^0~|<ENDNOTES>|<EOF>)/ 
+          if para !~/(^0~|<ENDNOTES>|<EOF>)/
             if para =~/.+?<~\d+;(?:\w|[0-6]:)\d+;\w\d+><#@dp:#@dp>$/
               paranum=para[@regx,3]
               @p_num=SiSU_XML_format::Paragraph_number.new(@md,paranum)
@@ -382,8 +380,7 @@ WOK
               end
             else #
             end
-            para.gsub!(/<:\S+?>/,'') if para ## Clean Prepared Text #bugwatch reinstate
-            para.gsub!(/<!.+!>/,'') if para ## Clean Prepared Text #bugwatch reinstate
+            para.gsub!(/<:\S+?>|<!.+!>/,'') if para
           end
         end
         6.downto(4) do |x|
@@ -394,7 +391,7 @@ WOK
           y=x - 1
           @@xml[:body] << "#{@tab*y}</heading#{x}>\n" if @level[x] == true
         end
-        #6.downto(1) { |x| y=x - 1; @@xml[:body] << "#{@tab*y}</level #{x}>\n" if @level[x] == true } 
+        #6.downto(1) { |x| y=x - 1; @@xml[:body] << "#{@tab*y}</level #{x}>\n" if @level[x] == true }
       end
       def pre
         rdf=SiSU_XML_tags::RDF.new(@md)
@@ -426,37 +423,32 @@ WOK
         content << @@xml[:open] << @@xml[:head] << @@xml[:body] << @@xml[:metadata]
         content << @@xml[:owner_details] if @md.stmp =~/\w\w/
         content << @@xml[:tail] << @@xml[:close]
-        Output.new(@md,content.to_s).xml
+        content.flatten!.compact!
+        Output.new(content,@md).xml
         @@xml={} # check whether should be nil
       end
     end
     class Output
       include SiSU_Param
       include SiSU_Env
-      def initialize(md,data)
-        @md,@data=md,data
+      def initialize(data,md)
+        @data,@md=data,md
       end
       def xml
-        @sisu=[]
-        @data.each do |para|
-          #para.strip!
-          para.gsub!(/<:\S+?>/,'')
-          para.gsub!(/<!.+?!>/,'')
-          para="#{para}\n" unless para.empty?
-          @sisu << para
-        end
-        new_file_data=@sisu.to_s
-        @sisu=new_file_data.scan(/.+/)
         SiSU_Env::SiSU_file.new(@md).mkdir
         filename_xml=SiSU_Env::SiSU_file.new(@md,@md.fn[:xhtml]).mkfile
-        @sisu.each {|para| filename_xml.puts para}
+        @data.each do |para|
+          para.gsub!(/<:\S+?>|<!.+?!>/,'')
+          para.gsub!(/^\s*\n$/,'')
+          filename_xml.puts para unless para.empty?
+        end
         filename_xml.close
       end
     end
     class Tidy
       def initialize(md,dir)
         @md,@env=md,dir
-        @prog=SiSU_Env::Info_program.new #(md.fns) #if md
+        @prog=SiSU_Env::Info_program.new
       end
       def xml
         if @prog.tidy !=false
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/xml.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/xml.rb
index f6a1623f..20c5f80e 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/xml.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/xml.rb
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -49,18 +49,18 @@
  * Notes: tidy -xml sax.xml >> index.tidy
 =end
 module SiSU_XML_SAX
-  require SiSU_lib + '/defaults'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/param'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/defaults"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/param"
   include SiSU_Param
   include SiSU_Viz
-  require SiSU_lib + '/sysenv'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/sysenv"
   include SiSU_Env
-  require SiSU_lib + '/dal'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/shared_xml'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/xml_format'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/dal"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/shared_xml"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/xml_format"
   include SiSU_XML_format
   include SiSU_XML_munge
-  require SiSU_lib + '/rexml'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/rexml"
   include SiSU_Rexml
   @@alt_id_count,@@tablehead,@@number_of_cols=0,0,0
   @@tablefoot=''
@@ -103,8 +103,8 @@ module SiSU_XML_SAX
       end
     end
     class Scroll
-      require SiSU_lib + '/shared_txt'
-      require SiSU_lib + '/css'
+      require "#{SiSU_lib}/shared_txt"
+      require "#{SiSU_lib}/css"
       include SiSU_text_utils
       @@dp,@@env=nil,nil
       @@xml={ :body=>[],:open=>[],:close=>[],:head=>[] }
@@ -126,16 +126,16 @@ module SiSU_XML_SAX
       end
     protected
       def embedded_endntoes(para='')
-        para.gsub!(/~\{(\d+)\s+(.+?)\s*<#@dp>\}~/, 
+        para.gsub!(/~\{(\d+)\s+(.+?)\s*<#@dp>\}~/,
           '<endnote><number>\1</number><note>\2</note></endnote> ')
-        para.gsub!(/~\[([*+]\d+)\s+(.+?)\s*<#@dp>\]~/, 
+        para.gsub!(/~\[([*+]\d+)\s+(.+?)\s*<#@dp>\]~/,
           '<endnote><symbol>\1</symbol><note>\2</note></endnote> ')
-        para.gsub!(/~\{([*+]+)\s+(.+?)\s*<#@dp>\}~/, 
+        para.gsub!(/~\{([*+]+)\s+(.+?)\s*<#@dp>\}~/,
           '<endnote><symbol>\1</symbol><note>\2</note></endnote> ')
       end
       def extract_endnotes(para='')
         notes=para.scan(/~[{\[]([\d*+]+\s+.+?)\s*<#@dp>[}\]]~/)
-        notes.each do |e| 
+        notes.flatten.each do |e|
           s=e.to_s
           util=SiSU_text_utils::Wrap.new(s,70)
           wrap=util.line_wrap
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ module SiSU_XML_SAX
 #{@tab*2}</note>
 #{@tab*1}</endnote>
 WOK
-) 
+)
           wrap.gsub!(/^([*+]\d+)\s+(.+?)\s*\Z/m, <<WOK
 #{@tab*1}<endnote symbol="\\1">
 #{@tab*2}<symbol>\\1</symbol>
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ WOK
 #{@tab*2}</note>
 #{@tab*1}</endnote>
 WOK
-) 
+)
           wrap.gsub!(/^([*+]+)\s+(.+?)\s*\Z/m, <<WOK
 #{@tab*1}<endnote symbol="\\1.length">
 #{@tab*2}<symbol>\\1</symbol>
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ WOK
 #{@tab*2}</note>
 #{@tab*1}</endnote>
 WOK
-) 
+)
           @endnotes << wrap
         end
       end
@@ -206,8 +206,7 @@ WOK
 WOK
         else ''
         end
-        @@xml[:sc]=sc   #<<<<WOK
-#WOK
+        @@xml[:sc]=sc
       end
       def xml_structure_ee(para='',lv='',ocn='',hname='') #embedded endnotes
         lv=lv.to_i
@@ -220,9 +219,9 @@ WOK
           util=SiSU_text_utils::Wrap.new(paragraph,70)
           wrapped=util.line_wrap
         end
-        @@xml[:body] << "#{@tab*0}<object>" << "\n" if para[@regx] 
+        @@xml[:body] << "#{@tab*0}<object>" << "\n" if para[@regx]
         @@xml[:body] << "#{@tab*1}<ocn>#{para[@regx,3]}</ocn>" << "\n" if para[@regx,3]
-        @@xml[:body] << if lv; %{#{@tab*1}<text class="h#{lv}">#{wrapped}</text>\n} << "\n" 
+        @@xml[:body] << if lv; %{#{@tab*1}<text class="h#{lv}">#{wrapped}</text>\n} << "\n"
         else                   %{#{@tab*1}<text class="norm">#{wrapped}</text>\n} # main text, contents, body KEEP
         end
         #@@xml[:body] << "#{@tab*1}<text>#{wrapped}</text>\n" # main text, contents, body KEEP
@@ -235,22 +234,21 @@ WOK
         n3=lv + 2
         lv=nil if lv == 0
         extract_endnotes(para)
-        #puts @endnotes
         para.gsub!(/~[{\[]([\d*+]+)\s+(?:.+?)\s*<#@dp>[}\]]~/,'<en>\1</en>') #footnote/endnote clean
         if para[@regx]
           paragraph="#{para[@regx,2]}"
           util=SiSU_text_utils::Wrap.new(paragraph,70)
           wrapped=util.line_wrap
         end
-        @@xml[:body] << if para[@regx,3]; %{#{@tab*0}<object id="#{para[@regx,3]}">} << "\n" 
-        else                              "#{@tab*0}<object>" << "\n" if para[@regx] 
+        @@xml[:body] << if para[@regx,3]; %{#{@tab*0}<object id="#{para[@regx,3]}">} << "\n"
+        else                              "#{@tab*0}<object>" << "\n" if para[@regx]
         end
         #@@xml[:body] << "#{@tab*1}<heading>#{lv}</heading>" << "\n" if lv
         @@xml[:body] << "#{@tab*1}<ocn>#{para[@regx,3]}</ocn>" << "\n" if para[@regx,3]
-        @@xml[:body] << if lv; %{#{@tab*1}<text class="h#{lv}">\n#{@tab*2}#{wrapped}\n#{@tab*1}</text>\n} << "\n" 
-        else                   %{#{@tab*1}<text class="#{type}">\n#{@tab*2}#{wrapped}\n#{@tab*1}</text>\n} # main text, contents, body KEEP 
+        @@xml[:body] << if lv; %{#{@tab*1}<text class="h#{lv}">\n#{@tab*2}#{wrapped}\n#{@tab*1}</text>\n} << "\n"
+        else                   %{#{@tab*1}<text class="#{type}">\n#{@tab*2}#{wrapped}\n#{@tab*1}</text>\n} # main text, contents, body KEEP
         end
-        @@xml[:body] << "#{@endnotes}" if @endnotes # main text, endnotes KEEP
+        @@xml[:body] << @endnotes if @endnotes # main text, endnotes KEEP
         ##@@xml[:body] << "#{@tab*1}<text>#{para[@regx,2]}</text>\n" if para[@regx,2] # old unwrapped main text, contents, body KEEP
         @@xml[:body] << "#{@tab*0}</object>" << "\n" if para[@regx]
         @endnotes=[]
@@ -290,7 +288,7 @@ WOK
         @@xml[:body] << "#{@tab*0}</object>" << "\n"
       end
       def table_structure(table='',ocn='') #tables
-        @@xml[:body] << %{#{@tab*0}<object id="#{ocn}">} << "\n" #if para[@regx] 
+        @@xml[:body] << %{#{@tab*0}<object id="#{ocn}">} << "\n" #if para[@regx]
         @@xml[:body] << %{#{@tab*1}#{table}\n#{@tab*1}\n} # unless lv  # main text, contents, body KEEP
         @@xml[:body] << "#{@tab*0}</object>" << "\n" #if para[@regx]
         @endnotes=[]
@@ -300,8 +298,8 @@ WOK
         xml_sc(@md)
         @endnotes,@level,@cont,@copen,@xml_contents_close=[],[],[],[],[]
         @rcdc=false
-        (0..6).each { |x| @cont[x]=@level[x]=false } 
-        (4..6).each { |x| @xml_contents_close[x]='' } 
+        (0..6).each { |x| @cont[x]=@level[x]=false }
+        (4..6).each { |x| @xml_contents_close[x]='' }
         data.each do |para|
           para=@trans.markup(para)
           @trans.char_enc.utf8(para) if @sys.locale =~/utf-?8/i #% utf8
@@ -311,7 +309,7 @@ WOK
 	          end
           end
           @rcdc=true if @rcdc==false and (para =~/~metadata/ or para =~/1~\s+Document Information/)
-          if para !~/(^0~|<ENDNOTES>|<EOF>)/ 
+          if para !~/(^0~|<ENDNOTES>|<EOF>)/
             if para =~/.+?<~\d+;(?:\w|[0-6]:)\d+;\w\d+><#@dp:#@dp>$/
               paranum=para[@regx,3]
               @p_num=SiSU_XML_format::Paragraph_number.new(@md,paranum)
@@ -369,8 +367,6 @@ WOK
                   #@@xml[:body] << "#{@tab*6}</object>" << "\n" if para[@regx]
                 end
               elsif para =~/(Note|Endnotes?)/ and para !~/<~\d+;(?:\w|[0-6]:)\d+;\w\d+><#@dp:#@dp>$/
-                #format_scroll=MonoSiSU.new('<br /><a name="notes">Note</a>')
-                #para=format_scroll.boldPara
               elsif para =~/(MetaData)/ and para =~/<~(\d+);[m]\d+;\w\d+><#@dp:#@dp>$/ #debug 2003w46 add rc info
                 format_scroll=Format_scroll.new(@md,'<br /><a name="metadata">MetaData</a>')
                 para=format_scroll.bold_para
@@ -404,8 +400,7 @@ WOK
               end
             else #
             end
-            para.gsub!(/<:\S+?>/,'')
-            para.gsub!(/<!.+!>/,'') ## Clean Prepared Text #bugwatch reinstate
+            para.gsub!(/<:\S+?>|<!.+!>/,'') if para
           end
         end
         6.downto(4) do |x|
@@ -416,7 +411,7 @@ WOK
           y=x - 1
           @@xml[:body] << "#{@tab*y}</heading#{x}>\n" if @level[x] == true
         end
-        #6.downto(1) { |x| y=x - 1; @@xml[:body] << "#{@tab*y}</level #{x}>\n" if @level[x] == true } 
+        #6.downto(1) { |x| y=x - 1; @@xml[:body] << "#{@tab*y}</level #{x}>\n" if @level[x] == true }
       end
       def pre
         rdf=SiSU_XML_tags::RDF.new(@md)
@@ -447,7 +442,8 @@ WOK
         content << @@xml[:open] << @@xml[:head] << @@xml[:body] << @@xml[:metadata]
         content << @@xml[:owner_details] if @md.stmp =~/\w\w/
         content << @@xml[:tail] << @@xml[:close]
-        Output.new(content.to_s,@md).xml
+        content.flatten!.compact!
+        Output.new(content,@md).xml
         @@xml={} # check whether should be nil
       end
     end
@@ -458,25 +454,20 @@ WOK
         @data,@md=data,md
       end
       def xml
-        @sisu=[]
-        @data.each do |para|
-          para.gsub!(/<:\S+?>/,'')
-          para.gsub!(/<!.+?!>/,'')
-          para="#{para}\n" unless para.empty?
-          @sisu << para
-        end
-        new_file_data=@sisu.to_s
-        @sisu=new_file_data.scan(/.+/)
         SiSU_Env::SiSU_file.new(@md).mkdir
         filename_xml=SiSU_Env::SiSU_file.new(@md,@md.fn[:sax]).mkfile
-        @sisu.each {|para| filename_xml.puts para}
+        @data.each do |para|
+          para.gsub!(/<:\S+?>|<!.+?!>/,'')
+          para.gsub!(/^\s*\n$/,'')
+          filename_xml.puts para unless para.empty?
+        end
         filename_xml.close
       end
     end
     class Tidy
       def initialize(md,dir)
         @md,@env=md,dir
-        @prog=SiSU_Env::Info_program.new 
+        @prog=SiSU_Env::Info_program.new
       end
       def xml
         if @prog.tidy !=false #note values can be other than true
@@ -485,14 +476,12 @@ WOK
             tell.colorize unless @md.cmd =~/q/
             tell.grey_open unless @md.cmd =~/q/
             tidyfile='/dev/null' #don't want one or screen output, check for alternative flags
-            tidy =SiSU_Env::System_call.new("#{@env.path.output}/#{@md.fnb}/#{@md.fn[:sax]}",tidyfile)
+            tidy=SiSU_Env::System_call.new("#{@env.path.output}/#{@md.fnb}/#{@md.fn[:sax]}",tidyfile)
             tidy.well_formed?
             tell.p_off unless @md.cmd =~/q/
           end
         end
       end
-      def xmlexp #possibly use to decide whether to call rexml
-      end
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/xml_dom.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/xml_dom.rb
index f600a15d..9c13dcc1 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/xml_dom.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/xml_dom.rb
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -49,18 +49,18 @@
  * Notes: tidy -xml dom.xml >> index.tidy
 =end
 module SiSU_XML_DOM
-  require SiSU_lib + '/defaults'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/param'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/defaults"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/param"
   include SiSU_Param
   include SiSU_Viz
-  require SiSU_lib + '/sysenv'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/sysenv"
   include SiSU_Env
-  require SiSU_lib + '/dal'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/shared_xml'
-  require SiSU_lib + '/xml_format'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/dal"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/shared_xml"
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/xml_format"
   include SiSU_XML_format
   include SiSU_XML_munge
-  require SiSU_lib + '/rexml'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/rexml"
   include SiSU_Rexml
   @@alt_id_count,@@tablehead,@@number_of_cols=0,0,0
   @@tablefoot=''
@@ -104,14 +104,14 @@ module SiSU_XML_DOM
     end
     class Scroll
       @@xml={ :body=>[],:open=>[],:close=>[],:head=>[],:sc=>[] }
-      require SiSU_lib + '/shared_txt'
+      require "#{SiSU_lib}/shared_txt"
       include SiSU_text_utils
       @@dp=nil
       def initialize(data='',md='')
         @data,@md=data,md
         @vz=SiSU_Env::Get_init.instance.skin
         @dp=@@dp ||=SiSU_Env::Info_env.new.digest.pattern
-        @regx=/^(?:(?:<:p[bn]>\s*)?\d~(?:(\S+))?\s+)?(.+?)\s*<~(\d+);(?:\w|[0-6]:)\d+;\w\d+><#@dp:#@dp>$/ # 
+        @regx=/^(?:(?:<:p[bn]>\s*)?\d~(?:(\S+))?\s+)?(.+?)\s*<~(\d+);(?:\w|[0-6]:)\d+;\w\d+><#@dp:#@dp>$/ #
         @tab="\t"
         @trans=SiSU_XML_munge::Trans.new(@md)
         @sys=SiSU_Env::System_call.new
@@ -124,11 +124,11 @@ module SiSU_XML_DOM
       end
     protected
       def xml_markup(para='')
-        para.gsub!(/~\{(\d+)\s+(.+?)\s*<#@dp>\}~/, 
+        para.gsub!(/~\{(\d+)\s+(.+?)\s*<#@dp>\}~/,
           '<endnote><number>\1</number><note>\2</note></endnote> ')
-        para.gsub!(/~\[([*+]\d+)\s+(.+?)\s*<#@dp>\]~/, 
+        para.gsub!(/~\[([*+]\d+)\s+(.+?)\s*<#@dp>\]~/,
           '<endnote><symbol>\1</symbol><note>\2</note></endnote> ')
-        para.gsub!(/~\{([*+]+)\s+(.+?)\s*<#@dp>\}~/, 
+        para.gsub!(/~\{([*+]+)\s+(.+?)\s*<#@dp>\}~/,
           '<endnote><symbol>\1</symbol><note>\2</note></endnote> ')
       end
       def xml_head(meta)
@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ WOK
           @copen[2]=true
           @copen[3]=false
         elsif lv == 6
-          @copen[3]=true 
+          @copen[3]=true
         end
       end
       def xml_structure(lv='',ocn='',para='',hname='' )
@@ -231,7 +231,7 @@ WOK
             elsif @copen[2] # 5{
               [2,1].each { |v| @@xml[:body] << "#{@tab*n}</contents#{v}>\n" }
               @copen[1]=@copen[2]=@copen[3]=false
-            elsif @copen[1] # 4{ 
+            elsif @copen[1] # 4{
               [1].each { |v| @@xml[:body] << "#{@tab*n}</contents#{v}>\n" }
               @copen[1]=@copen[2]=@copen[3]=false
             end
@@ -239,10 +239,10 @@ WOK
             @level[x]=false
           end
         when 4..6
-          6.downto(lv) do |x| 
+          6.downto(lv) do |x|
             y=x - 1
             if @level[x] == true
-              u=x - 3; 
+              u=x - 3;
               @xml_contents_close[x]=''
             end
           end
@@ -256,7 +256,7 @@ WOK
               [3,2,1].each { |v| @@xml[:body] << "#{@tab*n}</contents#{v}>\n" }
             elsif @copen[2] == true # 5~
               [2,1].each { |v| @@xml[:body] << "#{@tab*n}</contents#{v}>\n" }
-            elsif @copen[1] == true # 4~ 
+            elsif @copen[1] == true # 4~
               [1].each { |v| @@xml[:body] << "#{@tab*n}</contents#{v}>\n" }
             end
             @cont[1]=true
@@ -276,7 +276,7 @@ WOK
         end
         xml_element(lv,ocn,para,hname,tag,xml_element,xml_content)
         @level[lv]=true
-        ((lv+1)..6).each { |x| @level[x]=false } 
+        ((lv+1)..6).each { |x| @level[x]=false }
       end
       def group_structure(para='',ocn='')
         para.gsub!(/<:group(?:-end)?>/,'')
@@ -313,7 +313,7 @@ WOK
         @@xml[:body] << "#{@tab*6}</object>" << "\n"
       end
       def table_structure(table='',ocn='') #tables
-        @@xml[:body] << %{#{@tab*0}<object id="#{ocn}">} << "\n" #if para[@regx] 
+        @@xml[:body] << %{#{@tab*0}<object id="#{ocn}">} << "\n" #if para[@regx]
         @@xml[:body] << %{#{@tab*1}#{table}\n#{@tab*1}\n} # unless lv  # main text, contents, body KEEP
         @@xml[:body] << "#{@tab*0}</object>" << "\n" #if para[@regx]
         @endnotes=[]
@@ -323,8 +323,8 @@ WOK
         xml_sc(@md)
         @rcdc=false
         @level,@cont,@copen,@xml_contents_close=[],[],[],[]
-        (0..6).each { |x| @cont[x]=@level[x]=false } 
-        (4..6).each { |x| @xml_contents_close[x]='' } 
+        (0..6).each { |x| @cont[x]=@level[x]=false }
+        (4..6).each { |x| @xml_contents_close[x]='' }
         data.each do |para|
           para=@trans.markup(para)
           @trans.char_enc.utf8(para) if @sys.locale =~/utf-?8/i #% utf8
@@ -334,7 +334,7 @@ WOK
 	          end
           end
           @rcdc=true if @rcdc==false and (para =~/~metadata/ or para =~/1~\s+Document Information/)
-          if para !~/(^0~|<ENDNOTES>|<EOF>)/ 
+          if para !~/(^0~|<ENDNOTES>|<EOF>)/
             if para =~/.+?<~\d+;(?:\w|[0-6]:)\d+;\w\d+><#@dp:#@dp>$/
               paranum=para[@regx,3]
               @p_num=SiSU_XML_format::Paragraph_number.new(@md,paranum)
@@ -455,7 +455,7 @@ WOK
           y=x - 1
           @@xml[:body] << "#{@tab*y}</heading#{x}>\n" if @level[x] == true
         end
-        #6.downto(1) { |x| y=x - 1; @@xml[:body] << "#{@tab*y}</level #{x}>\n" if @level[x] == true } 
+        #6.downto(1) { |x| y=x - 1; @@xml[:body] << "#{@tab*y}</level #{x}>\n" if @level[x] == true }
       end
       def pre
         rdf=SiSU_XML_tags::RDF.new(@md)
@@ -485,7 +485,8 @@ WOK
         content << @@xml[:open] << @@xml[:head] << @@xml[:body] << @@xml[:metadata]
         content << @@xml[:owner_details] if @md.stmp =~/\w\w/
         content << @@xml[:tail] << @@xml[:close]
-        Output.new(content.to_s,@md).xml
+        content.flatten!.compact!
+        Output.new(content,@md).xml
         @@xml[:head],@@xml[:body],@@xml[:tail]=[],[],[] # check whether should be nil
       end
     end
@@ -495,27 +496,22 @@ WOK
         @data,@md=data,md
       end
       def xml
-        @sisu=[]
-        @data.each do |para| #p
+        SiSU_Env::SiSU_file.new(@md).mkdir
+        filename_xml=SiSU_Env::SiSU_file.new(@md,@md.fn[:dom]).mkfile
+        @data.each do |para|
           #para.strip!
           para.gsub!(/<:\S+?>/,'')
           para.gsub!(/<!.+?!>/,'')
           para="#{para}\n" unless para.empty?
-          @sisu << para
+          filename_xml.puts para
         end
-        new_file_data=@sisu.to_s
-        @sisu=new_file_data.scan(/.+/)
-        #@sisu.compact!
-        SiSU_Env::SiSU_file.new(@md).mkdir
-        filename_xml=SiSU_Env::SiSU_file.new(@md,@md.fn[:dom]).mkfile
-        @sisu.each {|para| filename_xml.puts para}
         filename_xml.close
       end
     end
     class Tidy
       def initialize(md,dir)
         @md,@env=md,dir
-        @prog=SiSU_Env::Info_program.new #(md.fns) #if md
+        @prog=SiSU_Env::Info_program.new
       end
       def xml
         if @prog.tidy !=false
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/xml_format.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/xml_format.rb
index 111e2bee..2db28b25 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/xml_format.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/xml_format.rb
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@
  * Notes: tidy -xml index.xml >> index.tidy
 =end
 module SiSU_XML_format
-  require SiSU_lib + '/param'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/param"
   include SiSU_Param
   include SiSU_Viz
   class Paragraph_number
@@ -77,88 +77,88 @@ module SiSU_XML_format
       @dc_title=@dc_subtitle=@dc_creator=@dc_subject=@dc_description=@dc_publisher=@dc_contributor=@dc_date=@dc_type=@dc_format=@dc_identifier=@dc_source=@dc_language=@dc_relation=@dc_coverage=@dc_rights=@copyright=@owner=@keywords=''
       @sfx,@pdf,@md=@@md.sfx,@@md.pdf,@@md
       # DublinCore 1 - title
-      @rdfurl=%{  rdf:about="http://www.jus.uio.no/lm/toc"\n} 
+      @rdfurl=%{  rdf:about="http://www.jus.uio.no/lm/toc"\n}
       if @md.dc_title
         @dc_title=%{<meta name="dc.title" content="#{seg_name}#{@md.dc_title}" />\n}
         #if @md.subtitle
-        #  #@rdf_title=%{    dc.title="#{seg_name}#{@md.title} - #{@md.subtitle}"\n} 
+        #  #@rdf_title=%{    dc.title="#{seg_name}#{@md.title} - #{@md.subtitle}"\n}
         #  @dc_title=%{<meta name="dc.title" content="#{seg_name}#{@md.title} - #{@md.subtitle}" />\n}
         #else
-        #  #@rdf_title=%{    dc.title="#{seg_name}#{@md.title}"\n} 
+        #  #@rdf_title=%{    dc.title="#{seg_name}#{@md.title}"\n}
         #  @dc_title=%{<meta name="dc.title" content="#{seg_name}#{@md.dc_title}" />\n}
         #end
       end
       if @md.dc_creator                                                          # DublinCore 2 - creator/author (author)
-        @rdf_creator=%{    dc.creator="#{@md.dc_creator}"\n} 
+        @rdf_creator=%{    dc.creator="#{@md.dc_creator}"\n}
         @dc_creator=%{<meta name="dc.creator" content="#{@md.dc_creator}" />\n}
       end
       if @md.dc_subject                                                          # DublinCore 3 - subject (us library of congress, eric or udc, or schema???)
-        @rdf_subject=%{    dc.subject="#{@md.dc_subject}"\n} 
-        @dc_subject=%{<meta name="dc.subject" content="#{@md.dc_subject}" />\n} 
+        @rdf_subject=%{    dc.subject="#{@md.dc_subject}"\n}
+        @dc_subject=%{<meta name="dc.subject" content="#{@md.dc_subject}" />\n}
       end
       if @md.dc_description                                                      # DublinCore 4 - description
-        @rdf_description=%{    dc.description="#{@md.description}"\n} 
-        @dc_description=%{<meta name="dc.dc_description" content="#{@md.description}" />\n} 
+        @rdf_description=%{    dc.description="#{@md.description}"\n}
+        @dc_description=%{<meta name="dc.dc_description" content="#{@md.description}" />\n}
       end
       if @md.dc_publisher                                                        # DublinCore 5 - publisher (current copy published by)
-        @rdf_publisher=%{    dc.publisher="#{@md.dc_publisher}"\n} 
+        @rdf_publisher=%{    dc.publisher="#{@md.dc_publisher}"\n}
         @dc_publisher=%{<meta name="dc.publisher" content="#{@md.dc_publisher}" />\n}
       end
       if @md.dc_contributor                                                      # DublinCore 6 - contributor
-        @rdf_contributor=%{    dc.contributor="#{@md.dc_contributor}"\n} 
+        @rdf_contributor=%{    dc.contributor="#{@md.dc_contributor}"\n}
         @dc_contributor=%{<meta name="dc.contributor" content="#{@md.dc_contributor}" />\n}
       end
       if @md.dc_date                                                             # DublinCore 7 - date year-mm-dd
-        @rdf_date=%{    dc.date="#{@md.dc_date}"\n} 
+        @rdf_date=%{    dc.date="#{@md.dc_date}"\n}
         @dc_date=%{<meta name="dc.date" content="#{@md.dc_date}" #{@md.date_scheme} />\n}
       end
       if @md.dc_date_created                                                     # DublinCore 7 - date.created year-mm-dd
-        @rdf_date_created=%{    dc.date.created="#{@md.dc_date_created}"\n} 
+        @rdf_date_created=%{    dc.date.created="#{@md.dc_date_created}"\n}
         @dc_date_created=%{<meta name="dc.date.created" content="#{@md.dc_date_created}" #{@md.date_created_scheme} />\n}
       end
       if @md.dc_date_issued                                                      # DublinCore 7 - date.issued year-mm-dd
-        @rdf_date_issued=%{    dc.date.issued="#{@md.dc_date_issued}"\n} 
+        @rdf_date_issued=%{    dc.date.issued="#{@md.dc_date_issued}"\n}
         @dc_date_issued=%{<meta name="dc.date.issued" content="#{@md.dc_date_issued}" #{@md.date_issued_scheme} />\n}
       end
       if @md.dc_date_available                                                   # DublinCore 7 - date.available year-mm-dd
-        @rdf_date_available=%{    dc.date.available="#{@md.dc_date_available}"\n} 
+        @rdf_date_available=%{    dc.date.available="#{@md.dc_date_available}"\n}
         @dc_date_available=%{<meta name="dc.date.available" content="#{@md.dc_date_available}" #{@md.date_available_scheme} />\n}
       end
       if @md.dc_date_valid                                                       # DublinCore 7 - date.valid year-mm-dd
-        @rdf_date_valid=%{    dc.date.valid="#{@md.dc_date_valid}"\n} 
+        @rdf_date_valid=%{    dc.date.valid="#{@md.dc_date_valid}"\n}
         @dc_date_valid=%{<meta name="dc.date.valid" content="#{@md.dc_date_valid}" #{@md.date_valid_scheme} />\n}
       end
       if @md.dc_date_modified                                                    # DublinCore 7 - date.modified year-mm-dd
-        @rdf_date_modified=%{    dc.date.modified="#{@md.dc_date_modified}"\n} 
+        @rdf_date_modified=%{    dc.date.modified="#{@md.dc_date_modified}"\n}
         @dc_date_modified=%{<meta name="dc.date.modified" content="#{@md.dc_date_modified}" #{@md.date_modified_scheme} />\n}
       end
       if @md.dc_type                                                             # DublinCore 8 - type (genre eg. report, convention etc)
-        @rdf_type=%{    dc.type="#{@md.dc_type}"\n} 
+        @rdf_type=%{    dc.type="#{@md.dc_type}"\n}
         @dc_type=%{<meta name="dc.type" content="#{@md.dc_type}" />\n}
       end
       if @md.dc_format                                                           # DublinCore 9 - format (use your mime type)
-        @rdf_format=%{    dc.format="#{@md.dc_format}"\n} 
+        @rdf_format=%{    dc.format="#{@md.dc_format}"\n}
         @dc_format=%{<meta name="dc.format" content="#{@md.dc_format}" />\n}
       end
       if @md.dc_identifier                                                       # DublinCore 10 - identifier (your identifier, could use urn which is free)
-        @rdf_identifier=%{    dc.identifier="#{@md.dc_identifier}"\n} 
+        @rdf_identifier=%{    dc.identifier="#{@md.dc_identifier}"\n}
         @dc_identifier=%{<meta name="dc.identifier" content="#{@md.dc_identifier}" />\n}
       end
       if @md.dc_source                                                           # DublinCore 11 - source (document source)
-        @rdf_source=%{    dc.source="#{@md.dc_source}"\n} 
+        @rdf_source=%{    dc.source="#{@md.dc_source}"\n}
         @dc_source=%{<meta name="dc.source" content="#{@md.dc_source}" />\n}
       end
       if @md.dc_language[:name]                                                  # DublinCore 12 - language (English)
-        @rdf_language=%{    dc.language="#{@md.dc_language[:name]}"\n} 
+        @rdf_language=%{    dc.language="#{@md.dc_language[:name]}"\n}
         @dc_language=%{<meta name="dc.language" content="#{@md.dc_language[:name]}" />\n}
       end
       if @md.language_original[:name]                                                  # DublinCore 12 - language (English)
-        @rdf_language_original=%{    dc.language="#{@md.language_original[:name]}"\n} 
+        @rdf_language_original=%{    dc.language="#{@md.language_original[:name]}"\n}
         @language_original=%{<meta name="dc.language" content="#{@md.language_original[:name]}" />\n}
       end
       if @md.dc_relation                                                         # DublinCore 13 - relation
         @rdf_relation=%{    dc.relation="#{@md.dc_relation}"\n}
-        @dc_relation=%{<meta name="dc.relation" content="#{@md.dc_relation}" />\n} 
+        @dc_relation=%{<meta name="dc.relation" content="#{@md.dc_relation}" />\n}
       end
       if @md.dc_coverage                                                         # DublinCore 14 - coverage
         @rdf_coverage=%{    dc.coverage="#{@md.dc_coverage}"\n}
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ module SiSU_XML_format
         @rdf_rights=%{    dc.rights="#{@md.dc_rights}"\n}
         @dc_rights=%{<meta name="dc.rights" content="#{@md.dc_rights}" />\n}
       end
-      @copyright=%{<meta name="copyright" content="#{@md.dc_rights}" />\n} if @md.rights # possibly redundant see dc.rights 
+      @copyright=%{<meta name="copyright" content="#{@md.dc_rights}" />\n} if @md.rights # possibly redundant see dc.rights
       @owner=%{<meta name="owner" content="#{@md.owner}" />\n} if @md.owner
       @keywords=%{<meta name="keywords" content="#{@md.keywords}" />\n} if @md.keywords
       @vz=SiSU_Env::Get_init.instance.skin #margin,paragraph,table,banner,url,png,txt,color,font,nav_txt,nav_png,credits,js,php
@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ module SiSU_XML_format
     def toc_head_escript #embedded script in this case PHP
       # %{<p>PHP or other embedded script for object persistence may go HERE</p>}
     end
-    #def seg_head_escript #embedded script in this case PHP 
+    #def seg_head_escript #embedded script in this case PHP
     #  # %{<p>PHP or other embedded script for object persistence may go HERE</p>}
     #end
     def table_close
@@ -199,7 +199,7 @@ module SiSU_XML_format
       #      dc:creator="Author"
       #      dc:title="Title"
       #      dc:description="Description if any"
-      #      dc:date="Publication Date" 
+      #      dc:date="Publication Date"
       #  />
       #</rdf:RDF>
       #Dublin Core
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/xml_tables.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/xml_tables.rb
index 5f48c3f7..f6df5268 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/xml_tables.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/xml_tables.rb
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@
                   ralph.amissah@gmail.com
 =end
 module SiSU_Tables
-  require SiSU_lib + '/defaults'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/defaults"
   include SiSU_Viz
   class Table #_xml
     @@tablehead=0
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ module SiSU_Tables
     end
     def table
       m=@parablock[/<!f(.+?)!>/,1]
-      @@tablefoot << m if m 
+      @@tablefoot << m if m
       @parablock.gsub!(/<!f.+?!>/,'')
       @@tablehead=1 if @parablock =~/<!Th¡/
       if @parablock =~/<!Th?¡/
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ module SiSU_Tables
     end
     def table
       m=@parablock[/<!f(.+?)!>/,1]
-      @@tablefoot << m if m 
+      @@tablefoot << m if m
       @parablock.gsub!(/<!f.+?!>/,'')
       @@tablehead=1 if @parablock =~/<!Th¡/
       if @parablock =~/<!Th?¡.+?!~(\d+);\w\d+;\w\d+>/; @parablock=table_head($1)
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ module SiSU_Tables
           if @parablock =~/<!¡¡(\d+?)¡/
             @parablock.gsub!(/<!¡¡(\d+?)¡/,table_row($1,true))
           end
-          if @parablock =~/¡¡(\d+?)¡/ 
+          if @parablock =~/¡¡(\d+?)¡/
             @parablock.gsub!(/¡¡(\d+?)¡/,table_cell($1,true))
           end
           if @parablock =~/!>/
diff --git a/lib/sisu/0.52/zap.rb b/lib/sisu/v0/zap.rb
index 42ee840d..0a97f11b 100644
--- a/lib/sisu/0.52/zap.rb
+++ b/lib/sisu/v0/zap.rb
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
   SiSU was first released to the public on January 4th 2005
 
   SiSU uses:
-  
+
   *  Standard SiSU markup syntax,
   *  Standard SiSU meta-markup syntax, and the
   *  Standard SiSU object citation numbering and system
-  
+
   © Ralph Amissah 1997, current 2007.
   All Rights Reserved.
 
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@
                   ralph.amissah@gmail.com
 =end
 module SiSU_Zap
-  require SiSU_lib + '/sysenv'
+  require "#{SiSU_lib}/sysenv"
   include SiSU_Env
   pwd=Dir.pwd
   class Source